Ypsolopha Latreille, 1796

Sohn, Jae-Cheon & St, Mihai, 2016, Revised status of Oridryas Meyrick, 1938: new synonyms of Ypsolopha Latreille, 1796, and Ypsolopha parenthesella (Linnaeus, 1761) (Yponomeutoidea: Ypsolophidae), Zootaxa 4168 (3), pp. 589-593 : 589-592

Ypsolopha Latreille, 1796

Oridryas Meyrick in Caradja & Meyrick, 1938: 18 . syn. nov. Type species: Oridryas isalopex Meyrick, 1938 . See Sohn et al. (2010) for other synonyms of Ypsolopha .

Meyrick (in Caradja & Meyrick 1938) characterized Oridryas based on head structures, hind tibia, and wing venation, as follows (with our comments in brackets): “Head loosely haired; ocelli posterior; tongue developed. Antennae 3/4, ♂ filiform, moderately and evenly ciliated, scape moderate, without pecten. Labial palpi moderate, curved, ascending, with tolerably appressed scales, slightly rough beneath, terminal joint somewhat longer than second, pointed. Maxillary palpi obsolete. Hind tibiae smooth. Forewings 2 [CuA2] from angle, 2–4 [M3, CuA1, CuA2] rather approximated, 7 [Rs4] to termen, separate, 8 [Rs3] to costa, 9 [Rs2] and 10 [Rs1] from rather near 8 [Rs3], 11 [R] from before middle. Hindwings 1 [1A+2A], elongate-ovate, cilia 1/3; 2 [CuA2] from 3/4, 3 [CuA1] and 4 [M3] somewhat approximated from angle; 5 [M2] median, straight, 6 [M1] and 7 [Rs] stalked.” These characters are consistent with those in Ypsolopha . The stalked M1 and Rs on the hindwing of Oridryas supports its association with Ypsolophidae . Ypsolopha and Oridryas possess a scale tuft on the labial palpus, thereby differing from Phrealcia Chrétien and Bhadorcosma Moriuti. There are no clear-cut characters to separate Oridryas from Ypsolopha and therefore their synonymy is proposed.

Ypsolopha angarensis ( Caradja, 1939) comb. nov. ( Fig. 1 ) Oridryas angarensis Caradja, 1939: 13 .

Diagnosis. This species is similar to certain variations of Ypsolopha ustella (Clerck) from Europe ( Fig. 2 ) but differs from the latter in having a black spot at the basal 1/3 of the dark brown, longitudinal line on the forewing (at the distal 1/ 4 in Y. ustella ).

Description. Wingspan 16 mm (in the original description Caradja stated “Exp. 14 mm ”). Antennae filiform, slightly exceeding the basal half of the forewing costa. Forewings yellowish grey, intermixed with pale brownish grey scales; costa black on basal half; an ovate, subbasal black marking present at about basal 1/3 of the costa; several tiny specks present outside the subbasal marking and about at the basal half of the subcostal area (in its original description, Caradja mentioned only “…2 winzige Diskoidalpünktchen”); a greyish brown, longitudinal strip broadened in basal half, fading in distal half, stretching to the subdorsal area; a dark greyish brown strip broader than the other strip, stretching between the subbasal marking and below the forewing apex; tornus slightly, but distinctly bordered with black. Fringes lustrous greyish yellow. Hindwing pale brownish grey, with fringes longer along the anal edge.

Type. Lectotype (designated by Popescu-Gorj 1992)—male, “Mien-shan (Prov. Shansi) | Obere Höhe ca. 2000m ” 10.7.1937. H.Höne [yellowish green label], “ Oridryas | angarensis | Type Car . ” [hand-written on label with double-line margins], “ HOLOTYPE | Oridryas | angarensis | ♂ Car.” [label with red margins].

Distribution. China (Shanxi).

Remark. There is only a single specimen in the extant type series of this species in MGAB. This specimen has been considered the holotype of Oridryas angarensis Caradja ( Popescu-Gorj 1992) . However, Caradja (1939) did not give the number of the specimens in the type series of O. angarensis , so according to the ICZN Article 74.6 ( ICZN 1999), the only extant specimen of O. angarensis in MGAB is retroactively considered as the lectotype.

Ypsolopha isalopex ( Meyrick, 1938) comb. nov. ( Figs 3, 4 , 7, 9 ) Oridryas isalopex Meyrick in Meyrick & Caradja, 1938: 18 .

Diagnosis. This species resembles Ypsolopha parenthesella (Linnaeus) in external appearance, but differs from the latter in having more reddish forewings and paler hindwings. The male genitalia are distinguished from those of Y. parenthesella in having the round apex of the valva and the broader phallus. It is also superficially similar to Ypsolopha triangula Jin, Wang , & Li, but distinguished from the latter by the obovate valvae (subtriangular in Y. triangula ) in the male genitalia and the longer ductus bursae in the female genitalia.

Description. Wingspan 22 mm (based on the lectotype). The original description of O. isalopex is quite accurate (Meyrick in Meyrick & Caradja 1938; also see Figs 3 & 4 ): “Head pale brownish-ochreous, face reddish-tinged. Palpi ferruginous-brown. Antennae white ringed dark fuscous. Thorax ferruginous-brown. Abdomen grey, anal tuft greyishochreous. Forewings elongate, somewhat dilated posteriorly, costa gently arched, apex pointed, termen faintly sinuate, oblique; ferruginous-brown, a few scattered dark fuscous scales; a streak of fuscous suffusion from disc [discal cell] about 3/4 to termen just below apex, darker towards apex, ground colour somewhat more ochreous in disc above this: cilia ferruginous-ochreous, on termen tinged grey except tips. Hindwings light grey; cilia light brownish-ochreous.” There is variation in the coloration of the dorsal area in the forewing, ranging from pale brownish grey to greyish yellow. Male genitalia ( Fig. 7 )—Uncus rectangular, slightly convex at middle of posterior margin; socius narrow, tapering in distal 1/3, 1.3 times longer than saccus; anteromedial emargination of tegumen 1/2 as long as lateral margin; gnathal plate narrow, linguiform, 6/7 as long as lateral arm; valva obovate, broadly round apically, rather straight along costa, with shallow bulge at distal 1/3 of costa; sacculus 1/2 length of ventral margin of valva, of even width except distally; anellus thorny; vinculum with ridge forming angulate outer margin; saccus slender, 1/2 as long as costa of valva; phallus slender, slightly curved medially, of even width, with two dentiform cornuti continued to band-like spinulate areas. Female genitalia ( Fig. 9 )—Papillae anales narrower dorsocaudally. Apophyses posteriores twice length of apophyses anteriores. Antrum small, cup-shaped. Ductus bursae slightly broadened in anterior 1/3, 1.3 times length of corpus bursae. Corpus bursae obovate; signum elliptical, with transverse ridge at anterior 1/3.

Type. Lectotype (designated by Popescu-Gorj 1992)—male, “Li-kiang. ( China) . 0 | Provinz Nord-Yuennan. | 2.7 1935. H. Höne. ” [ivory-colored label], “ Oridryas ♂ | isalopex Meyr. | det. J. Kyrki 1985 | Slide 9. 4. 1985 | nr. A315 / J.K. ”, “ LECTOTYPE | Oridryas | isalopex ♂ | Des. Meyr. | Dr A. Popescu-Gorj” [label with red margins]. Paralectotype— 1♀, same data as lectotype except collecting date (“27.6 1935”), “ Oridryas | isalopex | Type Meyr ” [label with double-lined margins], abdomen detached and glued on a label.

Distribution. China (Yunnan).

Remarks. Meyrick (1938) referred to two specimens in the type series of Oridryas isalopex . Popescu-Gorj (1992) listed the lectotype and one topotype in the type series of O. isalopex . There are also two additional specimens of O. isalopex in MGAB. One of those holds a label indicating “Type”. We consider this specimen and the lectotype as the two types indicated in the original description.

Ypsolopha parenthesella (Linnaeus, 1761) ( Figs 5, 6 , 8 ) Oridryas isalopex var. mienshanensis Caradja, 1939: 13 . syn. nov. See Moriuti (1977) for other synonyms of Y. parenthesella .

Type. Lectotype of O. isalopex var. mienshanensis (designated by Popescu-Gorj 1992)—male, “ Mien-shan (Prov. Shansi) | Obere Höhe ca. 2000m | 9.7.1937. H.Höne ” [green label], “ Oridryas | isalopex var. | mienshanensis | Typen Car ” [hand-written on label with double marginal lines], “ LECTOTYPE | Oridryas ♂ | isalopex Meyr. | DES. v. miensha - | nensis Car . | Dr A. Popescu-Gori” [label with red margins]. Paralectotype— 1♂, same data as lectotype, genitalia slide no. A.317.

Remarks. Caradja (1939) did not give the number of specimens in the type series of Oridryas isalopex var. mienshanensis . There are only two type specimens of O. isalpex var. mienshanensis in MGAB which were designated as the lectotype and the paralectotype by Popescu-Gorj (1992). We examined the male genitalia ( Fig. 8 ) of the paralectotype and found that it is conspecific with Ypsolopha parenthesella , which broadly occurs across Europe and East Asia. Jorma Kyrki already recognized this synonymy and left a memo in this regard on a label attached to a pin of the paralectotype. This memo was referred to in Popescu-Gorj (1992).

Figures

FIGURES 1 – 6. Adults of Ypsolopha (= Oridryas). 1. Lectotype and labels of Oridryas angarensis Caradja; 2. Ypsolopha ustella (Clerck), Germany; 3. Lectotype and labels of Oridryas isalopex Meyrick; 4. Topotype of O. isalopex; 5. Lectotype and labels of Oridryas isalopex var. mienshanensis Caradja; 6. Ypsolopha parenthesella (Linnaeus), Korea.

FIGURES 7 – 9. Genitalia of Ypsolopha (= Oridryas). 7. Male genitalia of Oridryas isalopex Meyrick, lectotype; 8. Male genitalia of Oridryas isalopex var. mienshanensis Caradja, paralectotype; 9. Female genitalia of O. isalopex, topotype.