Phasia hemiptera (Hobby, 1931)

Sun, Xuekui & Marshall, Stephen A., 2003, Systematics of Phasia Latreille (Diptera: Tachinidae), Zootaxa 276 (1), pp. 1-320 : 60-63

3.4. The Phasia hemiptera species­group

The Phasia hemiptera species­group comprises part of the previous subgenus Phasia (sensu Herting 1984) .

Diagnosis: Head compressed anteriorly or spherical; eyes separated by distance usually larger than width of single ocellus; fronto­orbital plate not swollen, with over 3 rows of hairs laterally, sometimes reaching eye; dorsal facets of eye larger than ventral facets; parafacial wide, bare. Lower margin of face perpendicular or projecting; Sublunular bulla indistinct; first flagellomere short; oral opening short. Thorax black, shining to strongly pruinose; scale­like setae absent. Scutellum yellow or black, with two pairs of marginal setae. Abdomen subovate, black or with yellow spots. Male phallus short or long, haired or bare. Female sternite VII variable in shape.

Key to species of the Phasia hemiptera species­group

(Females of Phasia godfreyi , Phasia transvaalensis , and Phasia yunnanica are unknown.)

1. Males ............................................................................................................................ 2

­ Females ....................................................................................................................... 22

2. Mesoscutum with a distinct golden pruinose spot, at least on the median postsutural part; tergite V with V­shaped golden pruinosity posterolaterally ................................ 3 Mesoscutum evenly pruinose, or with vitta­like pattern; tergite V without such pruinosity ..................................................................................................................................... 4

3. Lower margin of face strongly projecting, pruinose spot usually limited to postsutural scutum; surstylus straight; distiphallus swollen, not branched ...................................... ....................................................................................... P. aurulans ( Meigen, 1824) ♂

­ Lower margin of face slightly projecting, pruinose spot usually covering most of mesonotum, two broad black vittae across suture; surstylus strongly bent upward; distiphallus branched ............................................................ P. aurigera ( Egger, 1860) ♂

4. 1+1 or 1+2 katepisternal setae ...................................................................................... 5

­ 0+0 or 0+1 katepisternal seta ..................................................................................... 13

5. Abdominal tergites strongly shining, pruinosity absent; syncercus slender, surstylus strongly bent upward (Fig. I­63) ........................ P. takanoi (Draber­Mo ń ko, 1965) ♂

­ Abdominal tergites at least thinly grey pruinose; syncercus short, surstylus not strong bent upward .................................................................................................................. 6

6. Surstylus straight or bent downward posteriorly .......................................................... 7

­ Surstylus strongly bent upward posteriorly ................................................................ 10

7. Abdominal tergites with orange­yellow area on tergites I+II, III and IV .................... 8

­ Abdominal tergites totally black .................................................................................. 9

8. Phallus about 1.5 times as long as hypandrium; syncercus slender, almost as long as surstylus; pregonite well developed ..................... P. zimini (Draber­Mo ń ko, 1965) ♂

­ Phallus over 2 times as long as hypandrium; syncercus much shorter than surstylus; pregonite even apically, reduced ....................... P. transvaalensis Sun , new species ♂

9. Syncercus deeply notched posteriorly; M meeting R 4+5 at acute angle.......................... ..................................................................................... P. grandis ( Coquillett, 1897) ♂

­ Syncercus not or shallowly notched posteriorly; M meeting R 4+5 almost at right angle ........................................................................ P. diversa ( Coquillett, 1897) (in part) ♂

10. Hind tarsi with dense fine golden yellow hairs ventrally ............................................... .................................................................................. P. yunnanica Sun , new species ♂

­ Hind tarsi without such hairs ...................................................................................... 11

11. Distiphallus not branched ............................................... P. kudoi Sun , new species ♂

­ Distiphallus branched ................................................................................................. 12

12. Dorsolateral process of distiphallus with two pointed branches .................................. .. .......................................................................... P. grazynae (Draber­Mo ń ko, 1965) ♂

­ Dorsolateral process of distiphallus not branched posteriorly ....................................... ............................................................................... P. albopunctata (Baranov, 1935) ♂

13. All fronto­orbital setae yellow .......................................... P. piceipes ( Wulp, 1892) ♂

­ Fronto­orbital setae black, or with only a few yellow ................................................14

14. Abdomen with yellow or dark yellow area; M meeting R 4+5 at acute angle .............. 15

­ Abdomen totally black; M meeting R 4+5 almost at right angle. ................................. 17

15. Lower margin of face projecting; pleuron of thorax without dense yellow hairs ........... .................................................................................. P. japanensis Sun , new species ♂

­ Lower margin of face perpendicular; pleuron of thorax usually with dense yellow hairs ..................................................................................................................................... 16

16. Frons wider than ocellar triangle; pregonite needle­like, distiphallus narrow posteriorly; Oriental species ......................................... P. godfreyi (Draber­Mo ń ko, 1964) ♂

­ Frons as wide as ocellar triangle; pregonite wide, distiphallus wide posteriorly; Palaearctic species ............................................................ P. hemiptera ( Fabricius 1794) ♂ 17. Phallus not haired; abdomen always uniformly thinly grey pruinose except syntergite I+II; male terminalia as Fig. I­17 .................... P. diversa ( Coquillett, 1897) ♂ (in part)

­ Phallus haired; tergites and terminalia not as above .................................................. 18

18. Abdominal tergites clearly transversely grey pruinose; fronto­orbital plate yellow pruinose; wing not enlarged ........................................ P. subopaca ( Coquillett, 1897) ♂

­ Abdominal tergites shining, or not pruinose as above; fronto­orbital plate grey or yellow pruinose; wing enlarged or not ............................................................................ 19

19. Syncercus deeply notched posteriorly (semicircular); base of pregonite narrow, with sharp point, longer than postgonite; Palaearctic species .. P. obesa ( Fabricius 1798) ♂

­ Syncercus relatively shallowly notched posteriorly; base of pregonite broad, not longer than postgonite; New World species ................................................................ 20

20. Distiphallus distally expanded into short, broad bilobed sclerite; ventrolateral process with two inverted spines; wing pictured on basal 1/2 only .. P. nigrens ( Wulp, 1892) ♂

­ Distiphallus not strongly expanded at apex; wing varied in colour pattern ............... 21

21. Ventrolateral process of distiphallus straight, not bent; western Nearctic species ......... .............................................................................. P. aeneoventris ( Williston, 1886) ♂

­ Ventrolateral process of distiphallus bent, and hook­like; eastern Nearctic species....... ................................................................................ P. robertsonii ( Townsend, 1891) ♂

22. Sternite VII bent, apex directed ventrally .................................................................. 23

­ Sternite VII straight, or bent but apex directed dorsally ............................................ 26

23. Ovipositor bent, apex slightly or strongly directed dorsally ...................................... 24

­ Ovipositor bent, apex slightly or strongly directed ventrally ......................................... ...................................... P. aurulans ( Meigen, 1824) ♀ / P. kudoi Sun , new species ♀

24. Lateral angles of sternite VII bent downward into triangles posteriorly ........................ .................................................................................. P. japanensis Sun , new species ♀

­ Sternite VII not as above ............................................................................................ 25

25. Legs, at least tibia, yellow or brown; New World species .. P. piceipes ( Wulp, 1892) ♀

­ Legs black; Palaearctic species ............................ P. zimini (Draber­Mo ń ko, 1965) ♀

26. Thorax with dense orange yellow or brown hairs; scutellum yellow or brown ............. .................................................................................. P. hemiptera ( Fabricius, 1794) ♀

­ Thorax with sparse black or yellow hairs; scutellum black ....................................... 27

27. Posterior margin of sternite VII rounded or linear in ventral view(as in Figs.I­17.6,I­40.6) ..................................................................................................................................... 28

­ Posterior margin of sternite VII pointed in ventral view (as in Figs. I­1.6, I­61.6) .. 30

28. Sternite VII short and wide, boat­like .......................... P. diversa ( Coquillett, 1897) ♀

­ Sternite VII slender, not boat­like .............................................................................. 29

29. Apex of sternite VII spoon­like, bent dorsally .... P. takanoi (Draber­Mo ń ko, 1965) ♀

­ Apex of sternite VII abruptly broadened, tubular, straight.. P. nigrens ( Wulp, 1892) ♀

30. Lower margin of face strongly projecting, visible in profile; 1 katepisternal seta .... 31

­ Lower margin of face perpendicular, or slightly projecting; 2 katepisternal setae ... 34

31. Abdomen silvery pruinose, always with black longitudinal vitta; abdomen with black transverse vittae posteriorly(at least tergite III);sternite VII thin, triangular, apex pointed .................................................................................. P. subopaca ( Coquillett, 1897) ♀

­ Abdomen black, shining purple, or grey (or yellowish grey) pruinose; if pruinosity present,blacklongitudinalvittaandtransversevittaabsentorindistinct;SterniteVIItapered ..................................................................................................................................... 32

32. Distribution Palaearctic .................................................. P. obesa ( Fabricius, 1798) ♀

­ Distribution New World ............................................................................................. 33

33. Distribution eastern Nearctic ................................. P. robertsonii ( Townsend, 1891) ♀

­ Distribution western Nearctic and Neotropical ... P. aeneoventris ( Williston, 1886) ♀

34. Sternite VII broad and short, as long as or slightly longer than sternite VI (visible part); abdomen with orange yellow area (especially on syntergite I+II, tergite III) ....... ........................................................................................... P. aurigera ( Egger, 1860) ♀

­ Sternite VII distinctly narrow and long;abdomen black or with indistinct dark yellow area. .................................................................................................................................... 35

35. Ovipositor (segment VIII) much longer than sternite VIII ............................................ ........................................................................... P. grazynae (Draber­Mo ń ko, 1965)?

­ Ovipositor (segment VIII) much shorter than sternite VIII ....................................... 36

36. Gena greyish yellow pruinose; sternite VII bent upward gradually; Nearctic species .. .................................................................................... P. grandis ( Coquillett, 1897) ♀

­ Gena grey pruinose; sternite VII bent upward abruptly; Palaearctic species.................. ............................................................................... P. albopunctata (Baranov, 1935) ♀