Syneches applanatus, Menezes, Isis Sá & Ale-Rocha, Rosaly, 2016

Menezes, Isis Sá & Ale-Rocha, Rosaly, 2016, Revision of the Amazonian species of Syneches Walker (Diptera, Hybotidae, Hybotinae), Zootaxa 4103 (5), pp. 401-442 : 409-411

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.4103.5.1

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:4511286D-451E-4C2B-9CE3-5D7621E7DEDF

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6088578

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CD87D9-9E21-3A25-6DCB-2B66FB2B56B5

treatment provided by

Plazi

scientific name

Syneches applanatus
status

sp. nov.

Syneches applanatus View in CoL sp. nov.

( Figs 19–25 View FIGURES 19 – 25 , 105 View FIGURES 103 – 117 , 118 View FIGURE 118 )

Diagnosis. Ocellar triangle flat. Scutum high and rounded, dark brown. Femora enlarged; legs yellow, except coxae, trochanters, basal 3/4 of fore and mid femora and hind femur and tarsomere 5 brown; hind tibia with brown medial ring, hind tarsomere 1 brown with base and apex yellow, hind femur with spine-like AD and AV setae. Wing sub-hyaline, light brown; pterostigma brown, small and rounded, at apex of cell r1.

Description. Holotype ♂. Body: 3.5 mm. Wing: 2.7 mm. Head. Eyes with lower facets larger around buccal opening. Ocellar triangle flat. Face brown with gray pruinescence. Antenna brown with dense reddish brown setulae; pedicel with long brown marginal setae, lower setae larger than postpedicel; postpedicel ovate, 1.3 times longer than wide, small, as long as length of scape and pedicel combined, one dorsal and one external medial seta longer than postpedicel; stylus about three times length of antenna, bare on distal 1/3. Proboscis light brown; palpus light brown, elongate, 1/3 length of proboscis, one apical and one ventral medial long seta. Thorax. Prosternum narrow. Pronotum with elongate, brown and sparse marginal setae. Scutum high, same height as mesopleuron, rounded; dark brown with paler dot on posterior margin of postpronotal lobe and postalar callus, prescutellar disc covered with reddish brown dense pruinescence with dorsocentral stripe of yellowish-gray pruinescence; setae short, sparse, larger on prescutellar disc, 6 series of acrostichal setae, 1 series dorsocentral; scutellum dark brown with gray pruinescence. Pleura brown with lower portion of anepimeron and upper portion of meron paler, with golden pruinescence. Chaetotaxy: 1 long and stout dc and 3–4 slender acr, 2/3 length of dc, on prescutellar disc; 2 long and stout npl; 1 long and stout pal; scutellum with long setae, 1 stout subapical pair, 1 apical pair about half-length of subapical pair and 3 weak lateral setae similar to apical pair. Legs. Femora and hind tarsomere 1 enlarged, hind tibia enlarged on apical 1/3. Legs yellow, except coxae, trochanters, basal 3/4 of fore and mid femora and hind femur and tarsomere 5 brown; hind tibia with brown medial ring, hind tarsomere 1 brown with base and apex yellow. Fore tibia with AD and PV rows of long setae. Fore tarsomere 1 with 1 AD and 1 PD preapical long seta; PV row of long and stout setae. Mid tibia with 1 AD seta before middle, about 2/3 length of tibia; 1 apical AV seta equal in length to tarsomere 1; 1 long median AV seta, about 3/4 length of tibia; 1 apical PV seta, equal in length to tarsomere 1; setae on PV and AV surfaces slightly longer. Mid tarsomere 1 with stout PV, V and AV setae. Hind femur with 3 long and spine-like AD setae on apical half; 5 AV and 2 V preapical spine-like setae and 1 elongated PV seta. Hind tibia with one median and one preapical AD seta; 1 apical PD; 1 AV and 1 A moderately long apical seta and row of long and slender AV setae. Hind tarsomere 1 with 1 D preapical and rows of stout A and AV setae. Wing ( Fig. 105 View FIGURES 103 – 117 ). Sub-hyaline, light brown; pterostigma brown, small and rounded, at apex of cell r1; apex of vein R2+3 distinctly curved upward. Abdomen. About three times length of thorax. Dark brown, sub-shiny, with brown-reddish brown pruinescence. Dorsal and ventral setae short and sparse, abundant and long laterally on tergites, a few stout apical setae from tergites 2–4. Tergite 8 short, 2.5 times wider than long ( Fig. View FIGURES 19 – 25

22); sternite 8 trapezoidal, with apical seta longer and stout. Terminalia ( Figs 19–21 View FIGURES 19 – 25 ): hypandrium elongate with rounded and wide base, apex with sharp medial lobe and short apical seta; epandrial lamella with moderately long setae; phallus long with rounded apex and long lateral protuberance, well sclerotized; postgonite simple, wide and shorter than phallus. Female. As in male, except hind femur with more slender AV setae and covering setae more sparse. Terminalia ( Figs 24, 25 View FIGURES 19 – 25 ): elongate; sternite 8 narrowed towards base, with central portion unsclerotized and bearing short apical setae; cercus robust and long, 2/3 length of tergite 10.

Type material. HOLOTYPE ♂ ( INPA): BRASIL, Amazonas, Manaus, PDBFF /WWF Proj[eto]: Bert Klein / Reserve 1301 / ii.1985, Malaise / Holótipo, Syneches applanatus, Menezes & Ale-Rocha (red label). Condition of holotype: antennae lost. PARATYPES: BRASIL. Amazonas, Manaus, PDBFF /WWF, Proj. Bert Klein, viii.1985, Malaise, Reserve 1301 (1 ♀, INPA); idem, x.1984, Reserve 1112 (3 ♀, 1 ♂, INPA); idem, ix.1984, Reserve 1112 (1 ♂, INPA); idem, xi.1985, Reserve 1301 (1 ♂, MZUSP; 1 ♀, INPA); iv.1986, Reserve 1301 (1 ♂, 4 ♀, INPA); ii.1987, Reserve 1208 (1 ♀, INPA); x.1985, Reserve 1301 (1 ♀, INPA); vii.1986, Reserve 1301 (1 ♀, MZUSP; 1 ♀, INPA); xii.1985, Reserve 1301 (1 ♀, INPA); vii.1985, Reserve 1301 (1 ♀, INPA); iii.1986, Reserve 1301 (1 ♀, INPA); vi.1985, Reserve 1301 (1 ♀, INPA); i.1986, Reserve 1301 (1 ♀, INPA); BR-174, ZF—6, Km 41, 4– 12.xi.1991, F. Xavier (1 ♂, INPA).

Geographical distribution. Brazil (Amazonas) ( Fig. 118 View FIGURE 118 ).

Comments. Some specimens are paler, possibly because they have been stored in alcohol; the amount of setae on the hind femur varies from two to more. This species is similar to S. repletus in having ocellar triangle flat, enlarged hind femur with spine-like setae, rounded and small pterostigma at the end of cell r1 and hind femur more slender on females; it can be differentiated from that species by the yellow legs with basal 3/4 of fore and mid femora; hind femur and tarsomere 5 brown; hind tibia with brown medial ring; hind tarsomere 1 brown with base and apex yellow; male abdomen without long and curly setae on the last tergites; and aspects of male terminalia. In S. repletus the legs are yellow with distal 1/2 of hind tibia and femur brown and abdomen bearing long and curly setae on the last tergites.

Etymology. From the Latin, applanatus = flattened, in reference to the flat ocellar triangle.

INPA

Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia

MZUSP

Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Arthropoda

Class

Insecta

Order

Diptera

Family

Hybotidae

Genus

Syneches

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