Mitogoniella mucuri, Ázara, Ludson Neves De, Dasilva, Marcio Bernardino & Ferreira, Rodrigo Lopes, 2013

Ázara, Ludson Neves De, Dasilva, Marcio Bernardino & Ferreira, Rodrigo Lopes, 2013, Description of Mitogoniella mucuri sp. nov. (Opiliones: Gonyleptidae) and considerations on polymorphic traits in the genus and Gonyleptidae, Zootaxa 3736 (1), pp. 69-81 : 70-74

Mitogoniella mucuri sp. nov.

( Figs. 1 C, 2, 3, 4 A–C, 5 and 6)

Type material. Holotype: male ( ISLA 3961) from Loca do Ribeirão Anastácio I, Novo Oriente de Minas, Minas Gerais, 16/VI/2012, leg. Ferreira, R.L. Paratypes: 3 females ( ISLA 3966), 2 males (MZSP 38154), same data as holotype; 2 males and 1 female ( ISLA 1497) from Gruta do Roxo, Novo Oriente de Minas, 20/VII/2002, leg. Ferreira, R.L.; 1 male ( ISLA 3963) from Loca do Ribeirão Anastácio I, Novo Oriente de Minas, Minas Gerais, 23/ X/2012, leg. Ferreira, R.L.; 1 male ( ISLA 3965) from Loca do Ribeirão Anastácio I, Novo Oriente de Minas, Minas Gerais, 03/X/2012, leg. Ferreira, R.L.; 1 female ( ISLA 3968) from Loca do Ribeirão Anastácio I, Novo Oriente de Minas, Minas Gerais, 03/X/2012, leg. Ferreira, R.L., 1 male (UFPB OP-77) from Loca do Ribeirão do Anastácio I, Novo Oriente de Minas, Minas Gerais, 03/X/2002, leg. Ferreira, R.L., 1 male and 1 female (UFPB OP-91) from Loca do Ribeirão do Anastácio I, Novo Oriente de Minas, Minas Gerais, 03/VI/2012, leg. Ferreira, R.L.; 1 male and 1 female ( ISLA 3969) from Lapa do Córrego Vieira, Padre Paraíso, Minas Gerais, 10/VII/2004, leg. Ferreira, R.L.; 1 male and 2 females ( ISLA 3970) from Túnel da Fazenda Cilindro I, Caraí, Minas Gerais, 21/ VII/2012, leg. Ferreira, R.L.; 1 male ( ISLA 3971) from Gruta do Sumidouro, Caraí, Minas Gerais, 25/I/2012, leg. Ferreira, R.L.; 1 male ( ISLA 3972) from Gruta do Sumidouro, Caraí, Minas Gerais, 25/I/2012, leg. Ferreira, R.L.; 2 males ( ISLA 3973) from Gruta do Sumidouro, Caraí, Minas Gerais, 25/I/2012, leg. Ferreira, R.L; 1 male ( ISLA 3983) from Túnel do Garrafão, Alagoa, Minas Gerais, 31/I/2008, leg. Ferreira, R.L.

Diagnosis. The new species is distinguished from others in the genus by having the ocularium with a pair of strong tubercles, high, with widely fused bases, similar to a single strong tubercle with bifurcated apex. In other species, if fused, tubercles are weak and pointed. It is also distinguished by a large dry-mark between area III tubercles, on the longitudinal groove.

Etymology. Mucuri is the name of the main river in the type locality and also a common tree in the region’s ombrophylous forest. This noun should be treated as a noun in apposition.

Description (male holotype). Measurements in Table 2; dorsum pictures in Fig. 2 , A–C. Ocularium with a pair of strong tubercles, high, with widely fused bases, similar to a single strong tubercle with bifurcated apex ( Fig. 4 A–C). Carapace smooth, except for ocularium tubercles. Areas I, II and III with 9, 8 and 10 medium-sized granules. Area I with a pair of paramedial, small tubercles. Area III with a pair of thin, large spines. Angles of posterior margin of dorsal scute with medium-sized tubercles; angles of free tergites with small granules. Lateral margin with rows of small, randomly distributed granules.

Chelicerae. Segment I with a small, basal, dorsal-retrolateral tubercle and two apical, retrolateral and prolateral tubercles; five small ventral granules. Segment II with a medium density of medium-sized granules.

Pedipalps. Trochanter: with a large, ventral, retrolateral tubercle; a small, ventral, prolateral tubercle; and two small, dorsal tubercles. Femur: six setiferous tubercles (elevation pattern IiIiii) and a large, retrolateral, subapical spine. Patella: a medium, retrolateral tubercle. Tibia: with ventral armature iIiIi prolatarelly, IiIi retrolaterally and four medium-sized, ventral granules. Tarsus: with ventral armature IiIi prolaterally and Iii retrolaterally.

Legs. Leg I. Coxa with a ventral row of large tubercles, with two basal apophyses on dorsal region and a low density of small granules. Trochanter with low density of minute granules. Femur, patella and tibia with minute granules. Metatarsus smooth. Leg II. Coxa with a ventral row of medium tubercles, with two basal apophyses on dorsal region and a low density of small granules. Trochanter with a low density of minute granules. Femur, patella and tibia with minute granules. Metatarsus smooth. Leg III. Coxa with a ventral row of small tubercles and a low density of small granules. Trochanter with a low density of minute granules. Femur, patella and tibia with small granules. Metatarsus almost smooth. Leg IV. Coxa with a strong, prolateral, apical apophysis and a small, retrolateral, apical apophysis, as a granule. Trochanter with a low density of small granules. Femur, patella and tibia with minute granules. Metatarsus smooth. Tarsal claws smooth. Tarsal segmentation (the holotype condition in parentheses): 10–12 (10), 19–24 (20), 12–16 (13), 13–16 (15). Distitarsus I–II with 3 segments.

Coloration pattern ( Fig. 2 A –C). Dorsal scute varying from dark brown to light brown. Grooves of areas and tubercles of ocularium unpigmented (yellowish), with a slightly unpigmented circle around granules of the dorsal scute. Legs I, II, III and IV light-brown, with patella, tibia and apical portion of femur blackish. Pedipalps and chelicerae dark brown, with a reticulate pattern of dark pigment. Dry-mark (a thicker external serose layer of the cuticle that forms white markings on the animal): following the grooves of areas (described by DaSilva & Gnaspini, 2010) and as a wide stripe between spines of area III, besides of a pair of paramedian, longitudinal stripes; in dots on whole lateral margins of dorsal scute, and as a thin stripe on carapace behind the ocularium; on dorsal portion of trochanter IV and base of femur.

Penis ( Fig. 3 A–C). Ventral plate with apical margin concave, lateral margin straight, and basal portion a little wider than the apical portion. Apical group with 4–5 setae in the dorsal row (the basalmost smaller and distant from others) and 3 setae in the ventral row; basal group with 4–5 spatulate setae organized in an oblique row. Ventral process of glans with a wide apical lamina that has many projections; stylus with rounded apex and 90° angle on third part, with few scales apically.

Females. Similar to males, except for the following: apophyses of coxa IV and trochanter reduced as tubercles; shorter legs; angles of posterior margin of dorsal scute with large spines, angles of free tergites with medium tubercles, and angles of free sternites with small tubercles; dorsal scute with darker coloration ( Fig. 2 C).

M. indistincta M. unicornis M. modesta M. taquara M. mucuri sp. nov.

Height Same as the eyes Inapplicable, single Above the eyes Same as the eyes Above the eyes

between the spine

ocularium

main elevation

Ocularium Small and weak Single spine large and With fused bases Weak tubercles, Strong and rounded

main tubercles far from thin and apexes free small or large, far tubercles, with widely

elevations each other or strong and divergent from each other fused bases, which can and close to each be similar to a single other strong tubercle with bifurcated apex.

Granulation of 30–65 medium 24–26 small granules Less than 20 small 15–30 medium or 13–28 medium granules

areas I–III granules granules small granules

Dry-mark on Punctuate, around Following the grooves Following the Following the Following the grooves of

areas of dorsal all granules; slight of areas grooves of areas grooves of areas areas and a wide stripe

scute fragmented stripes between spines of area

following the III grooves of areas.

Number of 6–4; 2–3; 4 4; 3; 4 4; 2; 4 4; 2; 4 4–5; 3; 4–5

penis setae *

*Dorsal row of apical group; ventral row of apical group; basal group; respectively.

Leg I Leg II Leg III Leg IV Pedipalp LDS WDS

Males 50.14–76.7 125.75–225.03 74.71–110.57 93.18–127.92 9.46–11.33 6.4–8.16 6.24–7.68 Females 38.46–44.32 88.93–113.79 61.24–91.01 78.6–111.51 9.58–10.49 6.4–6.88 6.56–7.04

Figures

FIGURE 3. Penis of Mitogoniella mucuri sp. nov. A) Lateral view (left) (ISLA 3969), 1 – dorsal row of setae of apical group, 2 – ventral row of setae of apical group, 3 – basal group of setae; B) Lateral view (right) (ISLA 3965), showing polymorphism of number of setae of basal group; C) Dorsal view (ISLA 1497). Scale: 100 µm.

FIGURE 4. Ocularium showing the polymorphism pattern of tubercles in three species of Mitogoniella (Goniosomatinae): A – C) M. mucuri sp. nov., (ISLA 3963, ISLA 3965, ISLA 3971, respectively); D – F) M. indistincta, (ISLA 3461, ISLA 3462, ISLA 3463), respectively; G – I) M. taquara, (ISLA 3464, ISLA 3465, ISLA 3466, respectively).

FIGURE 1. A) Atlantic Rainforest in the external area of the Loca do Ribeirão Anastácio cave, Novo Oriente de Minas, Minas Gerais State; B) Entrance of the cave in the main population of the new species was found; C) Mitogoniella mucuri sp. nov., living male specimen inside the cave.

FIGURE 2. A) Dorsal view of Mitogoniella mucuri sp. nov. A) Mitogoniella mucuri sp. nov., male holotype, with gray patches representing the white dry-marks. Scale bar equals 1 mm. B – C) Photographs of the male holotype (ISLA 3961) and female paratype (ISLA 3968), respectively.