Ernogamasus papilio, Witaliński & Fenďa, 2020

Witaliński, Wojciech & Fenďa, Peter, 2020, A new species of mite in the genus Ernogamasus Athias-Henriot, 1971 (Parasitiformes: Parasitidae), Zootaxa 4742 (3), pp. 501-517 : 502-509

Ernogamasus papilio sp. nov.

Figures 1–17

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:39D9AF39-F06A-433C-8B2C-280CF5241FB7

Type material

Holotype female (slide no. 2940 right specimen), Bukovské Vrchy Mts., Nová Sedlica village env., Stužica Nature Reserve, 49.0879°N, 22.5605°E, ca. 1170 m a.s.l., 23 Sept. 1999, beech forest (Medio-European montane woodrush beech forests, Luzulo -Fagetum), litter and soil. Female paratypes from the Poloniny NP: 1 female (slide no. 2940 left specimen) ibid.; 1 female (slide no. 140-99-1), Ruský Potok village env., Veľký Bukovec Mt., 49.0490°N, 22.4353°E, ca. 1011 m a.s.l., 24 Sept. 1999, beech forest (Luzulo -Fagetum), litter and soil; 1 female (slide no. 147-99-1), Zboj village env., Stinská Mt., 49.0109°N, 22.5178°E, ca. 820 m a.s.l., 25 Sept. 1999, Sphagnum birch woods, soil; 1 female (slide no. 136-99-1), Nová Sedlica village env., Stužica NR, Kremenec Mt., 49.0860°N, 22.5624°E, ca. 1100 m a.s.l., 23 Sept. 1999, primeval fir-beech forest (Asperulo -Fagetum), litter and soil; 1 male (slides no. 2941A, 2941B), Nová Sedlica village env., Stužica NR, Kamenná Lúka Mt., 49.0912°N, 22.5468°E, ca. 1200 m a.s.l., 23 Sept. 1999, subalpine meadow (dominated by Prata subalpine and Vaccinium myrtilus ), soil; 1 female (slide no. 147-99-2), Zboj village env., Stinská Mt., 49.0109°N, 22.5178°E, ca. 820 m a.s.l., 25 Sept. 1999, Sphagnum birch woods, soil; 1 female (slide no. 059-99-1), Nová Sedlica village env., Stužica NR, 49.0798°N, 22.5286°E, ca. 755 m a.s.l., 8 June 1999, primeval fir-beech forest (Asperulo -Fagetum), detritus from fir log; 1 female (slide no. 064-99-1), Nová Sedlica village env., Stužica NR, Príkry Mt., 49.0754°N, 22.5272°E, ca. 825 m a.s.l., 8 June 1999, primeval fir-beech forest (Asperulo -Fagetum), litter and soil under ferns. Female paratype from the Bieszczady Mts: 1 female (slide no. 759), Bieszczady Mts, south-eastern Poland, Wołosate village env., 49.0596°N, 22.6911°E, ca. 742 m a.s.l., 15 Sept. 1977, beech forest litter. Holotype and paratypes from the Bukovské vrchy leg. P. Fenďa, whereas paratype from the Bieszczady leg. W. Witaliński.

Type material deposition

Holotype, 2 female paratypes (slides no. 759, 2940) and 1 male paratype (slides no. 2941A, 2941B) are deposited in the Zoological Division of the Nature Education Centre, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland; 6 female para- types (slides no. 140-99-1, 147-99-1, 147-99-2, 136-99-1, 059-99-1 and 064-99-1) are deposited in the Department of Zoology , Faculty of Natural Sciences , Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia .

Diagnosis

Female and male: Peritremes incomplete, posterior part continuous, ending at the z2 podonotal setae level, anterior part comprises several peritreme fragments, ending at the gdj2 podonotal gland level; gdz5 gland openings not discernible; gnathotectum trispinate with pointed narrow prongs, central prong much longer than the lateral ones; prongs shorter in the male; gland pores gv1 present; gv2 with a double opening; anterolateral seta on palpfemur with a triangular, hyaline protrusion of the external edge; Tr IV without tubercles.

Female: presternal plates adjacent axially; epigynial shield anterior margins wavy; endogynium large, with two wing-shaped spherules contiguous axially in the posterior half and tapered anteriorly, flanking a small stipule.

Male: fixed digit of chelicera straight and blunt apically, with convexity between apex and pilus dentilis, one tooth just behind pilus dentilis, and one tooth in the middle of the remaining proximal edge of the digit; leg II: femur main spur with distal margin straight and proximal one convex, axillary process rounded and symmetric; wedgeshaped genual spur at the distal article margin, spur on tibia lenticular in lateral perspective, and located at some distance from the distal tibia margin.

Description

Female ( Figures 1–10 )

Dorsal idiosoma ( Figure 1 ). Idiosoma moderately sclerotised and oval in outline, 800–840 long, 435–455 wide (n=5), holotype 810 long, 465 wide. Podonotum with weak reticulation except two bands with horizontal reticulation, anteriorly to j4 setae and posteriorly to j6 setae, opisthonotum and ventral side with clear scale-like reticulation. Gland pores gdz5 not discernible. Dorsal setae simple, podonotal setae length 64–68 (j1), 55–64 (j2), 56–70 (j3), 55–63 (j4), 50–59 (j5), 46–52 (j6), 21–30 (z1), 95–110 (r3), opisthonotal setae 48 to 60 long. Peritreme ( Figure 2 ) incomplete, continuous posterior part ca. 190, ending at the z2 podonotal setae level, discontinuous fragments reach the gdj2 podonotal gland opening.

Ventral idiosoma ( Figures 3 , 6 ). Presternal plates ( Figure 3 ) long, in contact axially, with irregular posterior margin. Gland pores gv1 located in some distance from posterior sternal margin.

Genital region ( Figures 3–6 ). Metagynial sclerites of paragynial shields not discernible ( Figure 3 ). Epigynial shield ( Figure 4 ) with wavy anterior margins and straight posterior margin, subapical epigynial thickening not discernible. Endogynium ( Figure 5 ) large, comprising two wing-shape spherules, in the posterior half contiguous axially and tapered anteriorly; between spherules a small triangular or tongue-shaped stipule is present. Gland pores gv2 with a double channel/opening, poroids iv5, ivo2 and ivo3 well pronounced, gland pores gv3 poorly discernible ( Figure 6 ). Opisthogaster with 9 pairs of setae.

Setation of ventral side. Setae of sternogenital region — holotype: 64 (st1), 50 (st2), 54 (st3), 46 (st4), 56 (st5); paratypes: 56–63 (st1), 48–55 (st2), 52–54 (st3), 44–51 (st4), 46–51 (st5). Opisthogastric setae — holotype: 59 (JV1), 46 (ZV1), 59 (ZV2), other opisthogastric setae 52–59; paratypes: 52–54 (JV1), 39–44 (ZV1), 54–58 (ZV2), other opisthogastric setae 40 up to 56. Ventral setae simple.

Gnathosoma ( Figures 7–9 ). Gnathotectum ( Figure 7 ) trispinate with all prongs narrow and acute, the central one much longer. Corniculi conical, hypostome with 13 rows of denticles, hypostomatic and palpcoxa setae of similar length, hypostomatic simple and palpcoxal finely barbed. Chelicera ( Figure 8 ): movable digit with four teeth, fixed digit with three teeth in front of pilus dentilis and two behind it, followed by a group of four teeth: out of which, three anteriormost are similar, whereas the fourth one is larger, and followed by a cuticular edge. Palptrochanter v1 seta simple, v2 slightly larger and barbed on one side. Anterolateral seta on palpfemur with a triangular, hyaline protrusion on the external edge ( Figure 9 ).

Legs. Coxa I ( Figure 10 ) tuberculate anteroventrally, seta v1 simple, v2 larger and barbed. Leg chaetotaxy normal, with needle-like setae, except some larger setae on legs II–IV which may be finely barbed. Tr IV without tubercle. Other aspects of the legs unremarkable.

Male ( Figures 11–17 )

Dorsal idiosoma. Idiosoma oval and sclerotised as in the female, 796 long, 435 wide (n=1). Gland pores gdz5 not discernible. Dorsal setae simple, length of podonotal setae 59 (j1), 52 (j2), 52 (j3), 50 (j4), 39 (j5), 41 (j6), 80 (r3); opisthonotal setae from ca. 41 up to 52 long. Peritreme incomplete as in the female, ending anteriorly at the level between podonotal setae s1 and z2; more anteriorly only fragments of peritreme are present.

Ventral idiosoma ( Figures 11–13 ). Genital lamina ( Figure 11 ) with smooth margins and roundish corners, anterior margin straight. Presternal plates subtriangular. Gland pores gv1 located between setae st3, ca. one fourth of the distance between setae. Gland pores gv2 with two channels and openings, iv5 halfway between st5 and ZV1 setae, or somewhat closer to st5. Poroids ivo2, ivo3 and gland pores gv3, as in the female. Cuticle reticulation scale-like.

Setation of ventral side. Sternal setae length: 52 (st1), 52 (st2), 44 μm (st3), 39 (st4), 39 (st5); opisthogastric setae 44 (JV1), 39 (ZV1), 48 (ZV2), other opisthogastric setae ca. 42–51. Ventral setae simple.

Gnathosoma ( Figures 12, 13 , 15 ). Gnathotectum ( Figure 12 ) trispinate, prongs shorter than in the female. Corniculi ( Figure 13 ) slender, a minute elevation discernible on the adaxial border; hypostome with 15 rows of denticles, hypostomatic and palpcoxa setae of similar length, the latter finely barbed. Palptrochanter v1 seta simple, v2 larger and finely barbed. Chelicera ( Figure 15 ): the movable digit with one tooth followed by a convex ridge, fixed digit straight and blunt apically, with a low convexity between the apex and pilus dentilis, and two teeth: one tooth just behind pilus dentilis, and one in the middle of the remaining proximal edge.

Legs ( Figures 14 , 16, 17 ). Coxa I ( Figure 14 ) as in the female. Leg II ( Figures 16, 17 ): femur main spur with straight distal margin and convex proximal one, with posteroventral border below pv1 seta thickened; axillary process rounded and symmetric. Genu spur wedge-shaped, located at distal article margin. Spur on tibia lenticular in lateral perspective and located at some distance from the distal tibia margin. All setae on Ge II and Ti II simple except anterolateral setae (al1, al2) on the tibia, which are barbed and located on elevations ( Figure 17 ). Setae on Fe II are simple, but seta al1 is large, al2 is minute, ad2 is short and thickened, whereas ad3 is not discernible. Tr IV without tubercle. Leg chaetotaxy normal, most setae smooth and needle-like, but some barbed setae on Fe I and tarsi I–IV. Other aspects of the legs unremarkable.

Etymology

The specific name papilio (lat.: butterfly, moth) is related to the shape of the female endogynium, roughly resembling a butterfly.

Taxonomic remarks

The most characteristic feature of Ernogamasus papilio is the structure of peritreme, which is discontinuous, with several short fragments finally reaching the level of the gdj2 podonotal gland opening. This peritreme structure is not encountered in any other Ernogamasus species. Despite the peritreme structure, the female of the new species is similar to E. glicus ( Athias-Henriot, 1970) , where the endogynium structure is similar. However, in E. glicus the trochanter of leg IV possesses a distal tooth not found in E. papilio . Other differences regard the prongs of gnathotectum, which are much more slender in E. papilio . Finally, endogynium in E. glicus has spherules with rounded anterior ends, whereas in E. papilio the spherules are sharply pointed anteriorly.

In the male, the newly described species E. papilio shares some similarities with five species, i.e. E. simusculus ( Athias-Henriot, 1967) , E. bicorniger ( Witaliński, 1977) , E. leruthi (Cooremann, 1951) , E. byxus ( Athias-Henriot, 1970) and E. deminipes ( Athias-Henriot, 1967) ; in the last species only the male is known. The main differences involve the spurs on leg II: in E. simusculus the femur is differently spurred, and the spur on the genu is directed out of the article, and sharply pointed terminally. In E. byxus the main spur on the femur is narrow, elongated and sinuous, whereas in E. papilio , E. leruthi and E. bicorniger the main spur is shorter and curved. Spur on the tibia in E. papilio is lenticular in lateral perspective, thus somewaht similar to E. bicorniger , but much longer; in E. leruthi the spur on the tibia is sharply ended distally, whereas in E. papilio is rounded. The spurs on the genu and tibia in E. deminipes are quite different in shape to those in E. papilio

Figures

FIGURE 1. Ernogamasus papilio sp. nov., female, holotype. Dorsal idiosoma with podonotal setae series (j, z, s and r), opisthonotal setae series (J, Z, S, R), idiosomal poroids (id) and gland pores (gd) marked. Note a weak reticulation of podonotum except area in front of j4 setae and behind j6 setae. A fragment of opisthonotal reticulation is only shown. Seta S5 in right side S series absent. a – location of gdz6 gland pore in paratype female.

FIGURES 2–5. Ernogamasus papilio sp. nov., female. 2 peritreme in peritrematic plate, note peritreme discontinuity in the anterior part. Openings for coxae II–IV (II–IV), podonotal setae (z2, z4–z6, s1, s4–s6, r2–r5), as well as podonotal gland pore gdj2 and peritrematic poroids (ip1, ip2) are marked; 3 presternal plates, sternal shield and paragynial shields. Sternal setae (st1–st4), sternal poroids (iv1–iv3) and gv1 gland pore are marked. II–IV openings for coxae II–IV; 4 epigynial shield with sternal setae st5 and pores iv5; 5 endogynium – two aspects. 4, 5 (left) holotype.

FIGURES 6–10. Ernogamasus papilio sp. nov., female. 6 opisthogaster with sternal setae st5, opisthogastric setae JV1–JV4, ZV1–ZV4, SV3, adanal (Ad) and postanal (PA) setae, as well as poroids iv5, ivo2, ivo3, gland pores gv2 and gv3; 7 gnathotectum – two aspects; 8 chelicera, adaxial view; 9 palpfemur anterolateral seta; 10 coxa I ventrally. 6 holotype.

FIGURES 11–14. Ernogamasus papilio sp. nov., male. 11 presternal plates, genital lamina and sternal shield. Note the double channels and the openings of gv2 gland. Sternal setae st1–st5, sternal poroids iv1–iv3, iv5, gland pores gv1 and gv2, as well as opsthogastric setae ZV1 are marked. II–IV openings for coxae II–IV; 12 gnathotectum; 13 corniculus, hypognathal groove, hypostomatic setae and palpcoxal setae (pcx); 14 coxa I ventrally.

FIGURES 15–17. Ernogamasus papilio sp. nov., male. 15 chelicera, adaxial view; 16 femur, genu and tibia of leg II, posterolaterally. Some posterolateral (pl), posterodorsal (pd), posteroventral (pv), anterodorsal (ad) and anterolateral (al) setae are captioned; 17 tibia anterolateral setae (al1, al2) located on the tubercles.