Bolivaritettix chinensis (Hancock, 1912)

Storozhenko, Sergey Yu., 2018, Pygmy grasshoppers (Orthoptera: Tetrigidae) of Vietnam: the genus Bolivaritettix Günther, 1939, Zootaxa 4374 (4), pp. 497-523 : 504-506

Bolivaritettix chinensis (Hancock, 1912)

Figs 2 , 7 , 23–28

Mazarredia chinensis Нancock, 1912: 140 (lectotype—female, northern Vietnam [=Tonkin]: Than Moi; in Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia).

Bolivaritettix chinensis: Günther, 1939: 59 , 65; Kim & Pham, 2014: 59.

Mazarredia latifrons: Tinkham, 1937: 231 (partim).

Bolivaritettix sikkinensis: Kim & Pham, 2014: 59 ; Deng et al., 2015: 170 (partim).

Material examined. Vietnam: Cao Bang Province, Nguen Binh District, Quang Thai vill., 4–13 May 1998, 1 male, 2 females, coll . N.L. Orlov; Ha Son Binh Province, Da Bac, Tuly , 16–23 October 1990, 2 males, 2 females, coll . A.V. Gorochov; the same locality, forest, 18 October 1990, 1 male, coll . S.A. Belokobylskij; Hanoi City, 22 October 1993, 1 female, coll . A.V. Gorochov; Hua Thien Hue Province, Bach Ma National Park , 22–23 September 2008, 1 female, coll. V.G. Bezborodov ; Lang Son Province, Huu Lien National Park , 200 m, primary forest, 23–30 July 2003, 2 males, 3 females, coll . N.L. Orlov; Thai Nguyen Province, Phu Luong District, Kuang Chu , 15–23 April 1986, 1 female, coll . A.V. Gorochov; Vinh Phuc Province, Tam Dao National Park , 1–10 April 1995, 4 females, coll . A.V. Gorochov; the same locality, 17–31 April 1995, 3 females, coll . A.V. Gorochov. ( Altogether 13 females and 4 males) .

Description. Female. Body large-sized for this genus. Antennae filiform, 16–17-segmented, 1.7–1.8 times as long as fore femur; middle segments (seventh–ninth) 8–8.4 times as long as wide. Antennal grooves situated between lower margins of eyes. Fastigium of vertex 1.9–2.1 times as wide as one compound eye seen from above; anterior margin of vertex straight, almost reaching the frontal line of eyes; lateral margins of vertex almost parallel; median carina of fastigium distinct; transverse carinae not reaching anteriorly the median carina; supraocular lobes distinct; fossulae deep. Compound eyes not elevated above pronotum in lateral view. Lateral ocelli situated between middle of eyes. Frontal ridge in lateral view deeply excised between lateral ocelli, broadly rounded between eyes and distinctly excised below median ocellus; in frontal view, this ridge gently diverging downwards and narrow (ridge near the base of antennae as wide as first antennal segment). Pronotum in dorsal view with almost straight anterior margin; posterior process of pronotum long, surpassed apex of hind femora by 4.7–5.5 mm. Disc of pronotum behind the shoulders with deep depressions; posterior process of pronotum rugulose; apex of this process rounded. Lateral sides of shoulders broadly rounded in dorsal view. Median carina of pronotum in profile distinctly convex before shoulders, excised between shoulders and low towards the posterior process of pronotum. Prozonal carinae well defined, strongly constricted backwards; prozona almost as long as wide. Humero-apical carinae distinct; interhumeral carinae strong and distinctly elevated. Tegminal sinus deep; lower part of lateral lobe of pronotum in dorsal view forming triangular lobule. Infrascapular area short. Tegmina broad with rounded apex; visible part of tegmen 2.3–2.4 times as long as wide; this part of tegmen as wide as mid femur. Hind wings reaching the apex of posterior process of pronotum. Fore femur 4–4.1 times, mid femur 4.1–4.4 times as long as wide; upper and lower side of fore and mid femora sinuate. Hind femur 3.4–3.5 times as long as wide. Upper side of hind tibia with 6–7 outer and 5–6 inner spines, with margins finely serrated. First tarsal segment of hind leg as long as third one; ventral side of first tarsal segment with three almost equal triangular pads; third tarsal segment not swollen. Epiproct triangular, with pointed apex. Subgenital plate as long as wide; posterior margin of plate deeply excised and with angular posterior process near middle. Cerci conical, with narrowly rounded apices, 2 times as long as wide near cercal base. Valves of ovipositor narrow, dentate; length of upper valve 4.3–4.4 times as great as its maximum width; length of lower valve 6.5–7.1 times as great as its maximum width.

There are two colour forms, dark ( Figs 23, 24 ) and light brown ( Fig. 25 ). In dark form, the head blackish brown; the eyes black; the disc of pronotum, tegmina, hind wings, all femora, sternites and ovipositor blackish brown. In light form, the above-mentioned parts of body light brown with small blackish marks. In both forms, fore and mid tibiae black with light brown ring near the middle; hind tibiae completely black; tarsal segments of fore and mid legs black, but the base of second segment light brown; hind legs with light brown tarsal segments, but second segment and apex of third segments black.

Male. General appearance similar to that of female. Antennae 15-segmented; 1.9–2 times as long as fore femur; middle segments 8–9 times as long as wide. Fastigium of vertex 1.8–2 times as wide as one compound eye seen from above; carinae of vertex as in female. First antennal segment almost as wide as ridge near the base of antennae. Pronotum as in female. Tegmina broad with rounded apex; visible part of tegmen 2.3–2.4 times as long as wide; this part of tegmen as wide as mid femur. Hind wings reaching the apex of posterior process of pronotum. Legs as in female; hind femur 3.3–3.4 times as long as wide; upper side of hind tibia with 5–6 outer and 5 inner spines. Epiproct triangular, with pointed apex. Subgenital plate 1.4–1.5 times as long as wide; its apex excised. Cerci similar to those in female.

General colouration of body as in female; both colour forms present. Epiproct, subgenital plate and cerci blackish brown.

Measurements (mm). Body: male 12.0–12.8, female 12.8–13.6; pronotum: male 16.4–16.6, female 17.6– 19.1; antenna: male 5.2–5.6, female 5.4–5.9; tegmen male 1.7–1.8, female 1.7–2.1; fore femur: male 2.7–2.8, female 3.0–3.2; mid femur: male 2.9–3.0, female 3.1–3.5; hind femur: male 8.0–8.2, female 8.5–9.2; ovipositor 2.0–2.2.

Distribution. Vietnam (provinces Cao Bang, Ha Son Binh, Hua Thien Hue, Lang Son, Thai Nguyen, Vinh Phuc).

Remarks. This large species was described from Tonkin, Than Moi (northern Vietnam). It is most common and widely distributed in northern and central parts of Vietnam species of the genus Bolivaritettix . All recent records of B. sikkinensis from Vietnam ( Kim & Pham, 2014; Deng et al., 2015) belong to B. chinensis . This species is similar to B. convergens (Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1893) , B. sikkinensis (Bolívar, 1909) and B. humeralis , but so far nobody has compared the types of these species. It differs from the former species in the strongly excised frontal ridge between lateral ocelli and large size (in B. convergens , the ridge weakly excised near lateral ocelli and size smaller, pronotum length: male 13, female 15 mm; hind femur length: male 6.8, female 8.2 mm). In B. sikkinensis the lower side of mid femora straight and the frontal ridge between lateral ocelli rounded, while in B. chinensis the lower side of mid femora sinuate and the frontal ridge deeply excised. The differences of B. chinensis from B. humeralis are given in the above key.

Figures

FIGURES 1–4. Bolivaritettix, female head and anterior part of pronotum, lateral view. 1, B. sculptus; 2, B. chinensis; 3, B. anaglypticussp. nov.; 4, B. similis sp. nov. Scale bars 1 mm.

FIGURES 5–13. Bolivaritettix, head and anterior part of pronotum, dorsal view. 5, B. sculptus, female; 6, B. vietnamensis. sp. nov., female; 7, B. chinensis, female; 8, B. humeralis, female; 9, B. anaglypticus sp. nov., female; 10, B. constrictus sp. nov., male; 11, B. abruptus sp. nov., female; 12, B. celaenotus, female; 13, B. similis sp. nov., female Scale bars 1 mm.

FIGURES 23–28. Bolivaritettix chinensis. 23, body, dorsal view. 23, female body of dark colour form, lateral view; 24, the same, dorsal view; 25, female body of light brown colour form, lateral view; 26, female head, frontal view; 27, female apex of abdomen, ventral view; 28, male body,lateral view.