Troglohyphantes megagynus Zamani & Marusik, 2023

Zamani, Alireza, Darvishnia, Hamid & Marusik, Yuri M., 2023, New data on cave spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) of Iran, with new species and records, Zootaxa 5361 (3), pp. 345-366 : 355-357

publication ID	https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5361.3.3
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:D9AE18C9-A265-44F0-A0AF-E663A59B2EAF
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10164604
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C5CF42-FF92-8645-22B5-FD36FECC2D49
treatment provided by	Plazi (2023-11-02 13:39:22, last updated 2024-11-30 04:14:49)
scientific name	Troglohyphantes megagynus Zamani & Marusik
status	sp. nov.

Treatment

Troglohyphantes megagynus Zamani & Marusik , sp. n.

Figs 9A–C View FIGURE 9 , 10A–E View FIGURE 10

Type material. Holotype ♀ ( ZMUT), IRAN: Ilam Province: Zarrin Abad, Kabootarlan Cave , 33°12'39.60''N 47°03'03.30''E, 17.IX.2014 (H. Darvishnia). GoogleMaps

Etymology. The specific epithet is a combination of the Greek words ‘mega’ (large) and ‘gunḗ’ (female), referring to the unusually large epigyne of the new species.

Diagnosis. The new species differs from all of the congeners by the wide epigyne (i.e., 0.68 of the abdomen’s width) and very thin scape (thinner than lateral sides, vs. wider).

Description. Female. Habitus as in Fig. 10A–D View FIGURE 10 . Total length 1.85. Carapace 0.95 long, 0.75 wide. Eye sizes: ALE 0.03, PME 0.03, PLE 0.02; AME strongly reduced, all eyes vestigial. Carapace, sternum, labium, maxillae and legs light yellowish brown, chelicerae slightly darker. Chelicerae with 4–5 large pro- and 5 small retromarginal teeth. Legs slightly lighter than carapace. Abdomen beige, without any pattern. Spinnerets uniformly light beige. Measurements of legs: I: 6.36 (1.75, 0.26, 1.75, 1.68, 0.92), II: 5.89 (1.63, 0.30, 1.60, 1.53, 0.83), III: 4.59 (1.34, 0.26, 1.16, 1.20, 0.63), IV: 5.74 (1.67, 0.28, 1.49, 1.57, 0.73). Numbers of dorsal spines on tibiae: 2222. Position of trichobothrium on Mt I: 0.27. Trichobothrium on Mt IV absent.

Epigyne as in Figs 10A–D View FIGURE 10 ; very broad, ca. 0.68 of abdomen’s width and very long (including base, Be): ca. 0.58; base of epigyne subtrapezoidal, with distinct inclining grooves (Eg), narrowing posteriorly; epigynal plate sub-hexagonal, anteriorly as wide as 0.5 as maximal width; scape short and thin, ca. 0.28 of epigynal plate’s width, thinner than lateral side of epigynal plate, with lateral lobes (Ll); proximal part of scape (PPS) wider than distal part (DPS); epigynal grooves (Eg) diverging in anterior part, then converging, and subparallel in posterior part ( Fig. 11A View FIGURE 11 ); posterior median plate (PMP) 2.5 times longer than wide; stretcher (Sr) long, ca. 4 times longer than wide in lateral view ( Fig. 10D View FIGURE 10 ).

Male. Unknown.

Comment. The new species is placed in Troglohyphantes Joseph, 1882 tentatively, as many members of this genus are known to inhabit caves, with some possessing vestigial or absent eyes. Additionally, all cave-dwelling Troglohyphantes species exhibit long legs. However, it is highly probable that this species belongs to an undescribed genus. Due to the absence of male specimens, we are currently unable to determine its exact generic placement.

Distribution. Known only from the type locality in Kabootarlan Cave ( Fig. 15D View FIGURE 15 ), Ilam Province, western Iran ( Fig. 17 View FIGURE 17 ).

Figures

FIGURE 9. Habitus of Troglohyphantes megagynus sp. n., female. A lateral view; B dorsal view; C prosoma, anterior view.

FIGURE 10. Female of Troglohyphantes megagynus sp. n. A epigyne, ventral view; B same, dorsal view; C same, caudal view; D same, lateral view; E, abdomen, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm. Abbreviations: Be—base of epigyne, DPS—distal part of scape, Eg—epigynal groove, Ll—lateral lobe, PMP—posterior median plate, PPS—proximal part of scape, Sr—stretcher.

FIGURE 11. Habitus of Scotargus pilosus, male. A dorsal view; B prosoma, anterior view.

FIGURE 15. Some of the collection localities of the material reported in this study.A Barreh Zard; B Chehel Sotoon; C Gakal; D Kabootarlan; E Khoffash; F Malek. Photos by Mohammad Javad Malek-Hosseini.

FIGURE 17. Partial map of Iran, showing the collection localities of the material reported in this study. 1 Ali Sheikh Cave; 2 Barreh Zard Cave; 3 Chehel Sotoon Cave; 4 Darreh-ye Ashkaft Cave; 5 Dengezlu Cave; 6 Gakal Cave; 7 Gelim Goosh Cave; 8 Hamzeh Zendan Cave; 9 Jabiglu Cave; 10 Kabootarlan Cave; 11 Kahman Cave; 12 Kerend Cave; 13 Khoffash Cave, Mar Kelga Cave; 14 Malek Cave, Markhareil Cave; 15 Mir Melas Cave; 16 Mooly Cave; 17 Pir Morad Cave; 18 Raad-e Gharbi Cave; 19 Tang-e Kaboutari; 20 Tang-e-Lor Cave; 21 Tang-e Zendan Cave; 22 Tashan Cave; 23 Torang Cave; 24 Var-e-Zamin Cave; 25 Yaran Cave.