Phalonidia dysodona (Caradja, 1916)

Sun, Yinghui & Li, Houhun, 2013, Taxonomic review of Chinese Phalonidia Le Marchand, 1933 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Cochylini), Zootaxa 3641 (5), pp. 533-553 : 546-549

Phalonidia dysodona (Caradja, 1916)

Cochylis dysodona Caradja, 1916: 52 . TL: Russia (Khabarovsky Krai, Raddé). [attributed to Walsingham] Phalonidia dysodona Razowski, 1964: 338 .

Distribution. China (Heilongjiang), Russia.

Biology. Adults of this species were collected in Dailing, Heilongjiang Province, China on August 18 (Liu 2002). In the Palaearctic Region, the adults are collected from May to August and inhabit wet meadows and mesic grasslands (Razowski 2009).

Remarks. This species was recorded from China by Liu (2002), and we have seen no additional material.

Phalonidia fraterna Razowski, 1970 ( Figs. 10 , 26 , 41 )

Phalonidia fraterna Razowski, 1970: 216 . TL: Russia (Far East, Primorsky Krai, Askold Island).

Material examined. CHINA: Henan Province: 2 3, 3 Ƥ, Baotianman Nature Reserves, Neixiang County (33°02ʹN, 111°50ʹE), 1200 m, 28.v −2.vi.2006, leg. Jinmei Lv and Xu Zhang. (Genitalia slide Nos.: ZX06109 Ƥ, ZX06111 3, ZX07009 Ƥ, SYH11033 Ƥ).

Diagnosis. Adult ( Fig. 10 ). Wingspan 14.0−16.0 mm. This species is very similar to P. scabra , but P. fraterna can be distinguished by the valva gradually narrowed from the base to the apex, and the sacculus without a terminal process in the male genitalia ( Fig. 26 ); and by the corpus bursae with a column-shaped process but without a sclerotized band in the female genitalia ( Fig. 41 ). In P. scabra , the valva is broad medially, narrow basally and distally, and the sacculus bears a small terminal process in the male genitalia; and the corpus bursae lacks a process but bears a sclerotized narrow band that forms an incomplete circle in the female genitalia.

Distribution. China (Heilongjiang, Henan), Korea, Russia.

Remarks. Byun & Li (2006) reported P. f r a t e r n a for the first time from China and provided a figure of the adult. Their figure shows the subapical fascia of the forewing extending to the anterior 1/3 of the wing. However, in the illustration provided by Razowski (1970: pl. 11, fig. 126), the subapical fascia extends to the tornus. Further study is needed to determine whether this represents intraspecific variation.

Phalonidia latifasciana Razowski, 1970 ( Figs. 11 , 27 )

Phalonidia latifasciana Razowski, 1970: 206 . TL: Central Asia (Kemerowsk District, Waganowo).

Material examined. CHINA: Sichuan Province: 1 3, Kangding County (30°04ʹN, 101°57ʹE), 2400 m, 8.vii.2001, leg. Houhun Li and Xinpu Wang (genitalia slide No.: YHL04626).

Diagnosis. Adult ( Fig. 11 ). Wingspan 12.0−18.0 mm. This species is very similar to P. s i l v e s t r i s, but P. latifasciana can be distinguished by the forewing with the inverted triangular subapical fascia extending from between the distal 1/4 and the apex to above the tornus, the phallus nearly triangular distally, and the cornutus about 2/5 the length of the phallus in the male genitalia ( Fig. 27 ); and by the corpus bursae with a sclerotized band that forms an incomplete circle in the female genitalia (Razowski 1970: pl. 132, fig. 118). In P. silvestris , the narrow stripe-shaped subapical fascia of the forewing extends from the distal 1/4 to above the tornus, the phallus is slender, and the cornutus is about 1/3 the length of the phallus in the male genitalia; and the corpus bursae lacks a sclerotized band in the female genitalia.

Distribution. China (Jilin, Sichuan), Japan, Korea, Russia, Europe.

Phalonidia lydiae (Filipjev, 1940) ( Figs. 12 , 28 , 42 )

Piercea lydiae Filipjev, 1940: 180 . TL: Russia (Voroshilov-Ussurijsk). Phalonidia lidiae Kuznetzov, 1966: 198 . [misspelling of lydiae ] Phalonidia lydiae: Razowski, 1970: 220 .

Phalonidia lyidae Byun & Park, 1995: 385 . [misspelling of lydiae ]

Material examined. CHINA: Beijing: 1 3, Mt. Baihua, Mentougou (39°52ʹN, 115°36ʹE), 15−16.vii.2012; 1 3, Dakezhuang Village, Songshan Nature Reserves (41°07ʹN, 117°29ʹE), 1.viii.2010, leg. Aihuan Zhang and Zheng Li. Liaoning Province: 1 3, Hongshadi, Faku County (42°30ʹN, 123°23ʹE), 5.viii.2006, leg. Yiping Wang; 2 Ƥ, Laotudingzi, Huanren Man Autonomous County (41°15ʹN, 125°21ʹE), 8−9.viii.2009, leg. Weichun Li and Jiayu Liu; 3 3, 1 Ƥ, Shilazi, Kuandian Man Autonomous County (40°43ʹN, 124°46ʹE), 10−12.viii.2009, leg. Weichun Li and Jiayu Liu. Jilin Province: 1 3, Erdaobaihe (42°26ʹN, 128°08ʹE), 760 m, 1.viii.2004, leg. Aihuan Zhang. Anhui Province: Wenquan Town, Yuexi County (30°52ʹN, 116°22ʹE): 6 3, 18−22.viii.1995, 2 3, 25.vii.1996, leg. Xiangfu Hu. Guizhou Province: Daozhen County (28°53ʹN, 107°36ʹE): 1 3, Pingyuan Village 1300 m, 22.viii.2004, 1 3, Dashahe, 1350 m, 24.viii.2004, leg. Yunli Xiao; Suiyang County (27°58ʹN, 107°11ʹE): 9 3, 2 Ƥ, Kuankuoshui Nature Reserves, 1500 m, 10−13.viii.2010, leg. Linlin Yang, 1 Ƥ, 1500 m, 17.viii.2010, leg. Xicui Du, 1 Ƥ, Baishao Village, Qinggangtang Town, 800 m, 13.viii.2010, leg. Xicui Du. Yunnan Province: Kunming City: 1 3, Wenquan (24°59ʹN, 102°27ʹE), 1900 m, 30.viii.2005, 1 3, 1 Ƥ, Xishan (25°03ʹN, 102°36ʹE), 2080 m, 1.ix.2005, leg. Yingdang Ren. Gansu Province: 3 3, Huamiao Village, Dangchuan Forest Farm, Tianshui City (34°37ʹN, 105°42ʹE), 1331 m, 28−30.vii.2006, leg. Xinpu Wang and Xiangfeng Shi. Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region: 1 3, Xinbao Forest Farm, Zhongning County (37°29ʹN, 105°40ʹE), 1170 m, 26.vii.1993, leg. Houhun Li. (Genitalia slide Nos.: ZX06150 3, ZX06175 3, ZX06192 3, ZX06196 3, ZX06210 3, ZX07004 3, SYH10099 Ƥ, SYH11041 3, SYH11054 3, SYH11101 3, SYH11102 3, SYH11104 Ƥ, SYH11105 3, SYH11106 Ƥ, SYH11107 3, SYH11274 3, SYH11275 3, SYH11276 Ƥ, SYH11409 3, SYH11420 3, SYH11424 3, SYH11460 3, SYH11462 3, SYH11475 Ƥ, SYH11493 3, SYH11506 3, SYH11612 Ƥ, SYH11632 Ƥ, SYH12028 3).

Description. Adult ( Fig. 12 ). Wingspan 9.0−13.0 mm. Female genitalia ( Fig. 42 ) with papilla analis about same length as apophysis posterioris. Apophysis posterioris about same length as apophysis anterioris and 2.5 times length of basal plate. Antrum nearly cylindrical, slightly shorter than width, slightly concave on posterior margin; ductus bursae about two times length of antrum, gradually narrowed posteriorly, weakly sclerotized, with longitudinal wrinkles; ductus seminalis arising from anterior part of ductus bursae. Corpus bursae nearly rounded, with a sclerotized narrow band forming an incomplete circle near outer margin, another circle of short thin spines situated anterior to first circle, other parts densely suffused with fine wrinkles.

Diagnosis. This species is very similar to P. melanothicta (Meyrick, 1927) , but P. l yd i ae can be distinguished by the erect socii fused basally and separate distally, and the valva slender and parallel sided in the male genitalia ( Fig. 28 ); and by the ductus bursae about two times the length of the antrum, and the corpus bursae having a circle of short thin spines in the female genitalia. In P. melanothicta , the socii are decumbent and separate, and the valva is gradually narrowed from base to the apex in the male genitalia; and the ductus bursae is about same length as the antrum, and the corpus bursae lacks a circle of short thin spines in the female genitalia.

Distribution. China (Anhui, Beijing, Gansu, Guizhou, Heilongjiang, Hunan, Jilin, Liaoning, Ningxia, Yunnan), Japan, Korea, Russia.

Remarks. This is the first description of the female of this species.

Phalonidia melanothicta (Meyrick, 1927) ( Figs. 13 , 29 , 43 )

Phalonia melanothicta Meyrick, 1927: 367 . TL: China (Shanghai).

Phalonia melanoticta: Caradja, 1926: 158 . no type. [misspelling of melanothicta ] Phalonia hygrodes Meyrick, 1936: 22 . TL: Japan (Honshu, Osaka Prefecture). Phalonidia melanothica Razowski, 1970: 213 . [misspelling of melanothicta ] Phalonidia melanothicta: Brown, 2005: 490 .

Material examined. CHINA: Zhejiang Province: 1 Ƥ, Shunxi Town, Lin’an County (30°04ʹN, 118°56ʹE), 420 m, 11.viii.2007, leg. Qing Jin. Anhui Province: 1 Ƥ, Ke Village, Mt. Jiuhua (30°23ʹN, 117°48ʹE), 8.viii.2004, leg. Jiasheng Xu and Jialiang Zhang. Fujian Province: 1 3, Daiyun Village, Mt. Daiyun, Dehua County (25°30ʹN, 118°16ʹE), 850 m, 15.ix.2002, leg. Xinpu Wang; 1 3, Gutian Town, Shanghang County (25°03ʹN, 116°24ʹE), 600 m, 2.vi.2004, leg. Haili Yu. Jiangxi Province: 1 3, Mt. Sanqing, Jinsha Town, Shangrao City (28°26ʹN, 117°54ʹE), 380−390 m, 20.iv.2007, leg. Haiyan Bai and Xicui Du. Hubei Province: Xianfeng County (29°23ʹN, 108°58ʹE): 1 3, Pingbaying, 1280 m, 20.vii.1999, 2 3, Mahe Town, 400 m, 24.vii.1999, leg. Houhun Li. Hunan Province: Xinhua County (27°44ʹN, 111°18ʹE): 5 3, Cangxi Town, 8−9.viii.2004, 1 3, 1 Ƥ, Jianxin Village, Ketou Town, 10−11.viii.2004, 1 3, Xiaolang Village, Ketou Town, 3.viii.2004, leg. Yunli Xiao. Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region: 4 3, Xiazhai, Mulun Nature Reserves, Huanjiang Maonan Autonomous County (25°08ʹN, 108°03ʹE), 280 m, 12−13.viii.2011, leg. Shulian Hao and Yinghui Sun. Sichuan Province: 5 3, Haichao, Lu County (28°56ʹN, 105°26ʹE), 25−29.vii.1995, leg. Yongxing Zeng; 1 3, Huaiyuan County, Hengyang City (26°58ʹN, 112°23ʹE), 350 m, 2.v.1994, leg. Jin Zhou. Guizhou Province: 5 3, Linjiang, Xishui County (27°42ʹN, 106°55ʹE), 500 m, 24−28.ix.2000, leg. Haili Yu; 9 3, Huaxi County, Guiyang City (26°27ʹN, 106°40ʹE), 1100 m, 25.vii.2001, leg. Houhun Li and Xinpu Wang; 1 3, Jiangkou County (27°41ʹN, 108°50ʹE), 330 m, 27.v.2002, leg. Xinpu Wang; Daozhen County (28°53ʹN, 107°36ʹE), 1 3, Xiannvdong, 600 m, 28.v.2004, leg. Shulian Hao, 2 3, Xiannvdong, 600 m, 17.viii.2004, leg. Yunli Xiao, 3 3, Dashahe (28°53ʹN, 107°36ʹE), 1350 m, 26.viii.2004, leg. Yunli Xiao; 3 3, Daheba, Mayanghe (32°06ʹN, 113°55ʹE), 430 m, 5−10.vi.2007, leg. Xicui Du; Kuankuoshui Nature Reserves, Suiyang County (27°58ʹN, 107°11ʹE): 1 3, 1500 m, 13.viii.2010, 1 Ƥ, Xiasi Village, 840 m, 9.vi.2010, leg. Linlin Yang. Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region; 1 3, Zhongning County (37°29ʹN, 105°40ʹE), 1170 m, 16.vii.1993, leg. Houhun Li. (Genitalia slide Nos.: ZX06086 3, ZX06157 3, ZX06191 3, ZX06194 3, ZX06197 3, ZX07094 3, ZX07095 3, SYH10124 3, SYH11027 3, SYH11028 3, SYH11029 Ƥ, SYH11030 3, SYH11031 3, SYH11042 3, SYH11043 3, SYH11044 3, SYH11045 3, SYH11046 3, SYH11057 3, SYH11058 3, SYH11092 3, SYH11103 3, SYH11266 Ƥ, SYH11410 3, SYH11476 3, SYH11541 3, SYH11544 3, SYH11548 3, SYH11549 3, SYH11602 3, SYH11680 3).

Diagnosis. Adult ( Fig. 13 ). Wingspan 8.5−13.0 mm. This species is very similar to P. nicotiana , but P. melanothicta can be distinguished by the decumbent socii separate throughout, the transtilla nearly triangular, and the sacculus lacking a terminal process in the male genitalia ( Fig. 29 ). In P. n i c o t i a n a, the erect socii are separate only near the apex, the transtilla is nearly ovoid, and the terminal process of the sacculus is nearly semicircular in the male genitalia. The female genitalia ( Fig. 43 ) of P. melanothicta are similar to those of P. lydiae (Filipjev, 1940) , and the differences between them are noted under the latter species.

Distribution. China (Anhui, Fujian, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Ningxia, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang), Japan.

Phalonidia nicotiana Liu & Ge, 1991 ( Figs. 14 , 30 )

Phalonidia nicotiana Liu & Ge, 1991: 355. TL: China (Heilongjiang, Jingpohu).

Material examined. CHINA: Liaoning Province: 2 3, Mt. Baiyun, Haicheng City (34°08ʹN, 112°05ʹE), 12−15.vii.2010, leg. Jiayu Liu and Yanpeng Cai (genitalia slide Nos.: SYH11095, SYH11509).

Diagnosis. Adult ( Fig. 14 ). Wingspan 12.0 mm. This species is very similar to P. scabra , but P. nicotiana can be distinguished by the valva gradually narrowed from the base to the apex, and the sacculus with a nearly semicircular terminal process in the male genitalia ( Fig. 30 ). In P. scabra , the valva is broad medially, narrow basally and distally, and the sacculus bears a small terminal process in the male genitalia.

Distribution. China (Heilongjiang, Liaoning).

Remarks. This species is known only from China, and its female is unknown.

Figures

FIGURES 8 – 13. Adults of Phalonidia spp. 8. P. c o re a n a Byun & Li, Ƥ; 9. P. curvistrigana (Stainton), 3; 10. P. f r a t e r n a Razowski, Ƥ; 11. P. latifasciana Razowski, 3; 12. P. l y d i a e (Filipjev), Ƥ; 13. P. melanothicta (Meyrick), 3.

FIGURES 26 – 31. Male genitalia of Phalonidia spp. 26. P. f r a t e r na Razowski, slide no. SYH 12087; 27. P. latifasciana Razowski, slide no. YHL 04626; 28. P. l y d i a e (Filipjev), slide no. SYH 11054; 29. P. melanothicta (Meyrick), slide no. SYH 11030; 30. P. nicotiana Liu & Ge, slide no. SYH 11509; 31. P. rotundiventrali s, sp. nov., holotype, slide no. ZX 06176.

FIGURES 36 – 41. Female genitalia of Phalonidia spp. 36. P. affinitana tauriana (Kennel), slide no. SYH 11657; 37. P. chlorolitha (Meyrick), slide no. SYH 10206; 38. P. contractana (Zeller), slide no. MZ 96147; 39. P. c o re a n a Byun & Li, slide no. SYH 11032; 40. P. curvistrigana (Stainton), slide no. SYH 11035; 41. P. f r a t e r n a Razowski, slide no. SYH 11033.

FIGURES 42 – 47. Female genitalia of Phalonidia spp. 42. P. l y d i a e (Filipjev), slide no. SYH 11632; 43. P. melanothicta (Meyrick), slide no. SYH 11029; 44. P. scabra Liu & Ge, slide no. SYH 10213; 45. P. silvestris Kuznetzov, slide no. SYH 11684; 46. P. tenuispiniformis, sp. nov., paratype, slide no. SYH 10080; 47. P. z y g o t a Razowski, slide no. SYH 11687.

FIGURES 14 – 19. Adults of Phalonidia spp. 14. P. nicotiana Liu & Ge, 3; 15. P. rotundiventralis sp. nov., holotype, 3; 16. P. scabra Liu & Ge, Ƥ; 17. P. silvestris Kuznetzov, 3; 18. P. tenuispiniformis, sp. nov., paratype, Ƥ; 19. P. z y g o t a Razowski, 3.