Trisuloides catocalina Moore, 1883

Behounek, Gottfried, Han, Hui-Lin & Kononenko, Vladimir, 2011, A revision of the genus Trisuloides Butler, 1881 with descriptions of three new species from China (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae). Revision of Pantheinae, contribution I, Zootaxa 3069, pp. 1-25 : 4

Trisuloides catocalina Moore, 1883 stat. rev.

( Figs. 1–7 , 45 , 57 )

Trisuloides catocalina Moore, 1883 , Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1883: 17, (TL: India, Sikkim, Darjiling [T: BMNH, London])

Trisuloides luteifascia Hampson, 1894 , The Fauna of British India including Ceylon and Burma. Moth. 2: 437, (TL: India, Khasis, [Lectotype: female: BMNH London, designated as type by Hampson, 1913) syn. n. = Trisuloides sericea ab. pallidimacula Warren, 1912, in Seitz;11: 41, form.

Material examined. Photographs of holotype of Trisuloides catocalina Moore, 1883 : female labeled as “Darjeling Coll Atkinson/Origin/ Trisuloides catocalina female type Moore/Coll. Staudinger Karten 683/8149 (photo G. Ronkay from coll. ZMHU). Photographs of holotype of Trisuloides luteifascia Hampson, 1894 , female labeled as “Cherra Punji./ Trisuloides luteifascia female type /1901-178/ Type ” (photo G. Ronkay from coll. BMNH). 1 male, “Celebes/ Trisuloides luteifascia Hmps. Male, Sheljuzhko det. 1951” genit. Prep. N 4163 ( ZSM); 2 males, Nepal, Kathmandu district, Nagarjum Hills Mt. Rani, 1421 m, LF, 1–2.vii.2008, leg M. Hoffman (coll. AB); 1 male. Myanmar NE. Kachin state, road Kanphant, Mt. Inwa Bum. Near pass, 26˚10ʹ31.9ʹ N, 98˚30ʹ0 3.4ʹE 3008 m, 26– 27.v.2006, leg. Naumann, Loffer, Langer (coll. AB); 1 male, Nepal, Surke Danda, 1325 m, Chiewa, 1.vii.1998, leg. M. Hreblay & B. Benedek (coll. GR); 8 males Thailand, Chiang Mai, Doi Ithanon Mt. 19.ix.1984; 6.v.1981 (coll. AP).

Diagnosis. Adult ( Figs. 1–7 ). Wingspan 62–66 mm. T. catocalina differs from its congeners by larger size, longer and more acute forewing and characteristic pattern. Head and thorax dark brown, with pale grayish suffusion. Forewing ground color dark brown; antemedial line distinct, incurved invard, medial field from mid to tornal edge filled with dark-brown to black; orbicular and reniform distinct, formed by thin black line; postmedial line diffused, waved, from inner side bordered with prominent diffused whitish line; subterminal field dark brown with intensive pale bluish-grey suffusion; subtornal mark as semilunar black spot, bordered inside with white; terminal line as semilunar streaks, bordered inside with whitish. In male genitalia ( Figs 45 , 57 ) uncus massive, gradually tapered, not spatulate as in other species; valva straight, apically narrower and rounded; harpe as straight folk-like acute extension with serrate dorsal branch, longer than ventral one; costal flap-like costal process (editum) heavily setose, much stronger than in other species. Aedeagus rather massive, shorter than in other species, with carina bearing minute spines; vesica with three short diverticula, cornuti not present. Female not examined.

Distribution and biology. North India, Nepal, Thailand, South East China, Indonesia (Sulawesi [Celebes]). Moths occur in montane broad-leaved forests at elevations from 1400 to 3000, and are bivoltine, adult appearing from May to July and September.

Taxonomic note. Hampson (1913) placed Trisuloides catocalina Moore, 1883 in the synonymy with Trisuloides sericea probably by supposed homonymy with Tambana catocalina Moore, 1882 ( Trisuloides in treatment of Hampson (1913). After examining photographs of types of T. sericea , T. luteifascia and T. catocalina Moore, 1883 we concluded that catocalina Moore, 1883 is conspecific with T. luteifascia , but not with T. sericea . Moreover, Tambana catocalina Moore, 1882 is not congeneric with Trisuloides and is placed to its own genus Antitrisuloides by Holloway (1985), therefore Trisuloides catocalina Moore, 1883 is a valid name, not a homonym of Antitrisuloides catocalina (Moore, 1882 [ Tambana ]) and should be used instead Trisuloides luteifascia Hampson, 1894 (syn. n.).

Figures

FIGURES 1 – 8. Trisuloides catocalina, adults. 1 – T. catocalina, female, type, North India (BMNH); 2 – Ditto, labels; 3 – T. luteifascia, female, Type, North India (BMNH); 4 – Ditto, labels. 5 – T. catocalina, male, Indonesia, Sulawesi (ZSM); 6 – T. catocalina, male, Nepal (ZSM); 7 – T. catocalina, male, Nepal (GR); 8 – T. catocalina female, Thailand (AP).

FIGURES 45 – 47. Trisuloides spp., male genitalia. 45 – T. catocalina, Indonesia, Sulawesi, genit. prep. 4163 ZSM; 46 – T. sericea, India, genit. prep. 7338 GB; 47 – T. sericea, China, Lijiang, genit. prep. 1874 ZFMK.

FIGURES 57 – 66. Trisuloides spp., male genitalia, structure of harpe. 57 – T. catocalina, Indonesia, Sulawesi; 58 – T. sericea India; 59 – T. sericea Japan (after Sugi 1976); 60 – T. sericea China, Lijiang; 61 – T. prosericea China; 62 – T. taiwana, Taiwan (after Sugi 1976); 63 – T. rotundipennis, China; 64 – T. zhangi, China; 65 – T. xizanga, China; 66 – T. becheri, China.