Ciona intestinalis (Linnaeus, 1767)
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publication ID |
https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3368.1.10 |
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https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5254004 |
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persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B587A1-FFEA-086B-FF03-575E0BBC9027 |
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treatment provided by |
Felipe (2021-08-24 07:13:13, last updated by Plazi 2023-11-04 15:37:56) |
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scientific name |
Ciona intestinalis (Linnaeus, 1767) |
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3. Ciona intestinalis (Linnaeus, 1767) View in CoL
( Fig. 2C View FIGURE 2 , Table 3)
Ascidia canina Müller, 1776: 43 .
Ascidea intestinalis: De Kay, 1843: 259 .
Ciona intestinalis: Van Name, 1912: 606 View in CoL , fig. 43, pl. 66, fig. 130; Van Name, 1945: 160, fig. 79; Millar, 1952: 47; Tokioka, 1954: 82; Yamaguchi, 1975: 253; Rho, 1977: 316; Rho & Lee, 1991: 201; Currie et al, 1998: 25; Lambert & Lambert, 1998: 675; Stachowicz et al., 2002: 15498; Shirley, 2003: 14; Turon & López-Legentil, 2004: 311; Castilla et al., 2005: 213; Passamaneck & Gregorio, 2005: 1; Carver et al., 2006: 1; Nydam & Harrison, 2007: 1839; Howes et al., 2007: 85; Petersen, 2007: 128; Therriault & Herborg, 2008: 788; Picton & Morrow, 2010b: ZD1170; Shenkar et al, 2011: 103732; Veeman et al., 2011: 401.
Materials examined. 46 inds., Guryoungpo , 12 Aug. 2009, Lee T, thick cloth at 1.2 m depth ; 21 inds., Gampo , 12 Aug. 2009, Shin S, thick cloth at 1.3 m depth ; 33 inds., Daebyeon , 13 Aug. 2009, Shin S, ropes at 1.1 m depth ; 19 inds., Busan, 14 Aug. 2009, Lee T, under floating dock at 0.3 m depth ; 39 inds., Dadaepo , 14 Aug. 2009, Lee T, under floating dock at 0.2 m depth ; 46 inds., Tongyeong , 14 Aug. 2009, Shin S, ropes at 2.1 m depth ; 22 inds., Gwangyang , 16 Aug. 2009, Shin S, fish trap at 3.5 m depth ; 37 inds., Guryoungpo , 13 Nov. 2009, Lee T, thick cloth at 1.2 m depth ; 18 inds., Gampo , 13 Nov. 2009, Lee T, under floating dock at 0.3 m depth ; 29 inds., Daebyeon , 14 Nov. 2009, Shin S, ropes at 3.5 m depth ; 13 inds., Busan, 14 Nov. 2009, Shin S ,, ropes at 3.1 m depth ; 25 inds., Dadaepo , 14 Nov. 2009, Lee T, under floating dock at 0.2 m depth ; 46 inds., Tongyeong , 15 Nov. 2009, Shin S, dock wall at 1.7 m depth ; 16 inds., Gwangyang , 15 Nov. 2009, Lee T, fish trap at 3.2 m depth ; 46 inds., Guryoungpo , 24 June 2010, Lee T, ropes at 3 m depth ; 7 inds., Yangpo , 24 June 2010, Shin S, under floating dock at 0.3 m depth ; 22 inds., Gampo , 24 June 2010, Shin S, thick cloth at 1.3 m depth ; 26 inds., Bangeojin , 25 June 2010, Lee T, ropes at 1.1 m depth ; 6 inds., Jangsaengpo , 25 June 2010, Lee T, ropes at 1.1 m depth ; 35 inds., Daebyeon , 25 June 2010, Shin S, fish trap at 3.5 m depth ; 13 inds., Busan, 25 June 2010, Lee T, under floating dock at 0.3 m depth ; 29 inds., Dadaepo , 26 June 2010, Lee T, under floating dock at 0.2 m depth ; 79 inds., Tongyeong , 26 June 2010, Shin S, ropes at 2.1 m depth ; 22 inds., Gwangyang , 27 June 2010, Lee T, fish trap at 3.5 m depth ; 13 inds., Mokpo , 28 June 2010, Shin S, ropes at 1.1 m depth ; 9 inds., Gunsan , 29 June 2010, Shin S, under floating dock at 0.3 m depth ; 2 inds., Daejin , 17 Oct. 2010, Shin S, ropes at 2.7 m depth ; 5 inds., Ayajin , 17 Oct. 2010, Pyo J, fish trap at 3.7 m depth ; 6 inds., Sacheon , 18 Oct. 2010, Shin S, thick cloth at 1.9 m depth ; 27 inds., Guryoungpo , 19 Oct. 2010, Shin S, ropes at 2.7 m depth ; 26 inds., Yangpo , 19 Oct. 2010, Shin S, ropes at 2.7 m depth ; 18 inds., Gampo , 19 Oct. 2010, Shin S, fish trap at 2.1 m depth ; 9 inds., Bangeojin , 20 Oct. 2010, Shin S, thick cloth at 1.2 m depth ; 6 inds., Jangsaengpo , 20 Oct. 2010, Lee T, dock wall at 2 m depth ; 17 inds., Daebyeon , 20 Oct. 2010, Pyo J, fish trap at 2.7 m depth ; 4 inds., Busan, 20 Oct. 2010, Pyo J, ropes at 2.1 m depth ; 23 inds., Dadaepo , 21 Oct. 2010, Pyo J, dock wall at 3 m depth ; 41 inds., Tongyeong , 21 Oct. 2010, Pyo J, fish trap at 3.3 m depth ; 4 inds., Daejin , 22 June 2011, Lee T, ropes at 2.3 m depth ; 36 inds., Guryoungpo , 24 June 2011, Shin S, ropes at 2.1 m depth ; 25 inds., Yangpo , 24 June 2011, Pyo J, ropes at 2.6 m depth ; 59 inds., Gampo , 24 June 2011, Shin S, thick cloth at 1.5 m depth ; 7 inds., Bangeojin , 25 June 2011, Lee T, ropes at 2.7 m depth ; 32 inds., Daebyeon , 25 June 2011, Pyo J, dock wall at 3 m depth ; 5 inds., Busan, 25 June 2011, Lee T, ropes at 2.3 m depth ; 18 inds., Dadaepo , 25 June 2011, Pyo J, under floating dock at 0.2 m depth ; 331 inds., Tongyeong , 26 June 2011, Pyo J, ropes at 3.3 m depth ; 14 inds., Gwangyang , 26 June 2011, Shin S, fish trap at 3.3 m depth ; 2 inds., Daejin , 16 Oct. 2011, Shin S, ropes at 1.9 m depth ; 5 inds., Geojin , 16 Oct. 2011, Pyo J, ropes at 1.8 m depth ; 7 inds., Jumunjin , 17 Oct. 2011, Lee T, under floating dock at 0.1 m depth ; 4 inds., Sacheon , 17 Oct. 2011, Pyo J, ropes at 2 m depth ; 2 inds., Gangneung , 17 Oct. 2011, Shin S, thick cloth at 2 m depth ; 1 inds., Ganggu , 18 Oct. 2011, Lee T, fish trap at 3.2 m depth ; 58 inds., Guryoungpo , 18 Oct. 2011, Lee T, dock wall at 3 m depth ; 27 inds., Yangpo , 18 Oct. 2011, Shin S, ropes at 2.1 m depth ; 86 inds., Gampo , 18 Oct. 2011, Lee T, thick cloth at 1.5 m depth ; 14 inds., Bangeojin , 19 Oct. 2011, Pyo J, ropes at 2.7 m depth ; 4 inds., Jangsaengpo , 19 Oct. 2011, Shin S, fish trap at 3 m depth ; 13 inds., Daebyeon , 19 Oct. 2011, Lee T, ropes at 2.8 m depth ; 8 inds., Songjeong , 19 Oct. 2011, Pyo J, under floating dock at 0.2 m depth ; 3 inds., Busan, 19 Oct. 2011, Pyo J, dock wall at 1.6 m depth ; 25 inds., Dadaepo , 19 Oct. 2011, Lee T, fish trap at 3.2 m depth ; 64 inds., Tongyeong , 20 Oct. 2011, Shin S, dock wall at 2.1 m depth ; 12 inds., Gwangyang , 20 Oct. 2011, Pyo J, fish trap at 3.2 m depth .
Distribution. Native all around the British Isles and reported in many part of the world. Northern Europe, part of Arctic regions, Mediterranean Sea, Black Sea, Denmark, France, Atlantic Canada, New England, South Africa, Washington, California, Chile, South Australia, Tasmania, New Zealand, China, Japan, and Korea (East Sea, Korea Strait, Jeju Island, Yellow Sea).
Carver, C. E., Mallet, A. L. & Vercaemer, B. (2006) Biological Synopsis of the Solitary Tunicate Ciona intestinalis. Canadian Manuscript Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Science, 2746, 1 - 55.
Castilla, J. C., Uribe, M., Bahamonde, N., Clarke, M., Desqueyroux-Faundez, R., Kong, I., Moyano, H., Rozbaczylo, N., Santelices, B., Valdovinos, C. & Zavala, P. (2005) Down under the southeastern Pacific: marine non-indigenous species in Chile. Biological Invasions, 7, 213 - 232.
Currie, D. R., McArthur, M. A. & Cohen, B. F. (1998) Exotic marine pests in the port of Geelong, Victoria. Marine and Freshwater Resources Institute, 8, 1 - 72.
De Kay, J. E. (1843) Zoology of New York, or the New York fauna, part. 5, Mollusca. Albany, 271 pp.
Howes, S., Herbinger, C. M., Darnell, P., Vercaemer, B. (2007) Spatial and temporal patterns of recruitment of the tunicate Ciona intestinalis on a mussel farm in Nova Scotia, Canada. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 342, 85 - 92.
Lambert, C. C. & Lambert, G. (1998) Non-indigenous ascidians in southern California harbours and marinas. Marine Biology, 130, 675 - 688.
Millar, R. H. (1952) The Annual Growth and Reproductive Cycle in Four Ascidians. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 31, 41 - 61.
Muller, O. F. (1776) Zoologiae Danicae Prodromus, seu animalium Daniae et Norvegiae Indigenarum characteres, nomina, et synonyma imprimis popularum. Typis Hallageriis, Havniae, Copenhagen, 282 pp.
Nydam, M. L. & Harrison, R. G. (2007) Genealogical relationships within and among shallow-water Ciona species (Ascidiacea). Marine Biology, 151, 1839 - 1847.
Passamaneck, Y. J. & Gregorio, A. D. (2005) Ciona intestinalis: Chordate development made simple. Developmental Dynamics, 233, 1 - 19.
Petersen, J. K. (2007) Ascidian suspension feeding. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 342, 127 - 137.
Picton, B. E. & Morrow, C. C. (2010 b) Ciona intestinalis general information. Available from (accessed 9 June 2010)
Rho, B. J. (1977) Illustrated flora and fauna of Korea (Porifera, Hydrozoa and Ascidiacea). Ministry of Education, Seoul, 20, pp. 101 - 136, 289 - 374.
Rho, B. J. & Lee, J. E. (1991) A Systematic Study on the Ascidians in Korea. The Korean Journal of Systematic Zoology, 7, 195 - 220.
Shirley, P. N. (2003) Aplousobranch ascidians (Tunicata: Ascidiacea) from southern Africa. PhD dissertation, University of Port Elizabeth, Port Elizabeth, South Africa, 199 pp.
Stachowicz, J. J., Fried, H., Osman, R. W. & Whitlatch, B. B. (2002) Biodiversity, Invasion Resistance, and Marine Ecosystem Function: Reconcling Pattern and Process. The Ecological Society of America, 2575 - 2590.
Therriault, T. W., & Herborg L-M., (2008) A qualitative biologgical risk assessment for vas tunicate Ciona intestinalis in Canadian waters: using expert knowledge. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 65, 781 - 787.
Tokioka, T. (1954) Contributions to Japanese Ascidian Fauna notes on some Ascidians Collected in Osaka Bay. Seto Marine Biological Laboratory, 75 - 98.
Turon, X. & Lopez-Legentil, S. (2004) Ascidian molecular phylogeny inferred from mtDNA data with emphasis on the Aplousobranchiata. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 33, 309 - 320.
Van Name, W. G. (1912) Simple ascidians of the coasts of New England and neighboring British provinces. Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History, 34, 439 - 619.
Van Name, W. G. (1945) The North and South American ascidians. Bulletin of American Museum of Natural History, 84, 1 - 476.
Veeman, M. T., Chiba, S. & Smith, W. C. (2011) Ciona Genetics. Methods Molecular Biology, 770, 401 - 422.
Yamaguchi, M. (1975) Growth and reproductive cycles of the marine fouling ascidians Ciona intestinalis, Styela plicata, Botrylloides violaceus, and Leptoclinum mitsukurii at Aburatsubo-Moroiso Inlet (Central Japan). Ymrine Biology, 29, 253 - 259.
FIGURE 2. Five invasive alien ascidians at four collection sites in Korea: A, C. lepadiformis attached to dock wall at 4.7 m depth in Busan port; B, A. aspersa attached to ropes at Tongyeong yacht marina; C, C. intestinalis attached on thick cloth at Gampo harbor; D, M. manhattensis attached on floating buoy at Mokpo yacht marina; E, S. plicata attached to rope at Tongyeong yacht marina. Scale bars: A–E. 10 cm.
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Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics |
No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.
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Ciona intestinalis (Linnaeus, 1767)
| Pyo, Jooyeon, Lee, Taekjun & Shin, Sook 2012 |
Ciona intestinalis:
| Veeman, M. T. & Chiba, S. & Smith, W. C. 2011: 401 |
| Therriault, T. W. & Herborg L-M. 2008: 788 |
| Nydam, M. L. & Harrison, R. G. 2007: 1839 |
| Howes, S. & Herbinger, C. M. & Darnell, P. & Vercaemer, B. 2007: 85 |
| Petersen, J. K. 2007: 128 |
| Carver, C. E. & Mallet, A. L. & Vercaemer, B. 2006: 1 |
| Castilla, J. C. & Uribe, M. & Bahamonde, N. & Clarke, M. & Desqueyroux-Faundez, R. & Kong, I. & Moyano, H. & Rozbaczylo, N. & Santelices, B. & Valdovinos, C. & Zavala, P. 2005: 213 |
| Passamaneck, Y. J. & Gregorio, A. D. 2005: 1 |
| Turon, X. & Lopez-Legentil, S. 2004: 311 |
| Shirley, P. N. 2003: 14 |
| Stachowicz, J. J. & Fried, H. & Osman, R. W. & Whitlatch, B. B. 2002: 15498 |
| Currie, D. R. & McArthur, M. A. & Cohen, B. F. 1998: 25 |
| Lambert, C. C. & Lambert, G. 1998: 675 |
| Rho, B. J. & Lee, J. E. 1991: 201 |
| Rho, B. J. 1977: 316 |
| Yamaguchi, M. 1975: 253 |
| Tokioka, T. 1954: 82 |
| Millar, R. H. 1952: 47 |
| Van Name, W. G. 1945: 160 |
| Van Name, W. G. 1912: 606 |
Ascidea intestinalis:
| De Kay, J. E. 1843: 259 |
Ascidia canina Müller, 1776: 43
| Muller, O. F. 1776: 43 |