Calyptrophora clarki Bayer, 1951

Cairns, Stephen D., 2018, Primnoidae (Cnidaria: Octocorallia: Calcaxonia) of the Okeanos Explorer expeditions (CAPSTONE) to the central Pacific, Zootaxa 4532 (1), pp. 1-43 : 13-14

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.4532.1.1

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:4E9D0908-0933-48AF-A6ED-F3B8D39E8994

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5951507

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B0147F-FFE2-FFC9-76CC-6A864222FCCD

treatment provided by

Plazi

scientific name

Calyptrophora clarki Bayer, 1951
status

 

Calyptrophora clarki Bayer, 1951 View in CoL

Figs. 1E View FIGURE 1 , 6 View FIGURE 6 A–H

Calyptrophora clarki Bayer, 1951: 40 View in CoL –41, figs. 1A–F.—Cairns, 2009: 432–435, figs. 1G, 13–14 (complete synonymy). Calyptrophora japonica: Nutting, 1908: 578 View in CoL (in part: Alb -4007, 4108).

Types and Type Locality. The holotype (USNM 25370) and paratype are deposited at the NMNH (Cairns 2009). Type Locality: 21˚50’20”N, 159˚31’40”W (south of Kauai, Hawaiian Islands), 929–1018 m.

Material Examined. EX 1605-L 3-6-05 and 0 2, 20.15˚N, 145.11˚E ( Supply Reef , Northern Mariana Islands), 286 m , 1 colony and SEM stubs 2400-2401, USNM 1424146 About USNM ; FK 17-093, 3˚44.012’S, 170˚43.109’W (off Rawaki Island , Phoenix islands), 562 m , 17 October 2017, 1 colony, Temple University ; FK 17-167, 4˚30.846’S, 172^15.967’W (Orona Atoll, Phoenix Islands), 928 m , 19 October 2017 ,1 colony, Temple University .

Remarks and Comparisons. This species was adequately described and figured by Cairns (2009) and thus will not be fully redescribed or figured herein. The specimen figured herein is a small colony only 10 cm in height when alive ( Fig. 1E View FIGURE 1 ) and ambiguously between lyrate and equal-dichotomous in branching, having only seven distal branches. It may be the juvenile lyrate shape. It allows the observation that the polyps in the whorls on the main stem are directed downward, but those on the branches are directed upward, and those near the first point of bifurcation are mixed even within the same whorl ( Fig. 6A View FIGURE 6 ). Thus, this specimen does not fit conveniently into either of the two species complexes of this genus. Also, its coenenchymal scales are quite long (up to 2.1 mm), thick, and have blunt ends.

Within the genus, C. clarki is distinctive in having extremely long basal spines (up to 1.7 mm in length and constituting ¾ of the height of the basal scales, Figs. 6 View FIGURE 6 A–D) and in having four to six prominent buccal spines ( Figs. 6A, E View FIGURE 6 ). It is quite similar to C. antilla Bayer, 2001 , the basic difference being that C. antilla has lyrate branching, C. clarki , equal-dichotomous branching. If that distinction is subsequently found to be trivial, then those records will have to be added to those of C. clarki .

Cairns (2007b, 2009) suggested that specimens from the eastern Pacific were similar to the western Atlantic C. antilla , but differed in having longer basal scale spines. This was based on an incorrect interpretation of a misleading scale given for the figures of C. antilla in Bayer’s (2001) original description. The magnification as printed on his figures are incorrect, as the original SEM had been reduced in size, the correct magnification having to be determined by reference to the scale bar. Using the scale bar, not the number, the spines on the basal scales of both the Atlantic and Pacific populations are about the same, suggesting that this is a truly a widespread species.

Distribution. Off Hawaii (Cairns 2009), northern Mariana Islands, Phoenix Islands, 286–1105 m.

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Cnidaria

Class

Anthozoa

Order

Alcyonacea

Family

Primnoidae

Genus

Calyptrophora

Loc

Calyptrophora clarki Bayer, 1951

Cairns, Stephen D. 2018
2018
Loc

Calyptrophora clarki

Bayer, F. M. 1951: 40
Nutting, C. C. 1908: 578
1951
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