Lamoana villosella ( Blanchard, 1851 )

Madrigal, Kevin, Zaragoza-Caballero, Santiago & Ramírez-Ponce, Andrés, 2023, Comparative morphology of the genera with perpendicular parameres in Anomalini (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Rutelinae) allows revalidation of the endemic Mexican genus Lamoana Casey, 1915 stat. rev., European Journal of Taxonomy 910, pp. 175-199 : 187-194

Lamoana villosella ( Blanchard, 1851) comb. rev.

Figs 2 , 3a , 4a–b , 5a , 6a , 7a , 8–9

Phyllopertha villosella Blanchard, 1851: 179 .

Strigoderma hirsuta Nonfried, 1893: 291 (by Ohaus 1918: 110).

Phyllopertha villosella – Blanchard 1851: 179. — Bates 1888: 246. — Ohaus 1897: 399; 1902: 43; 1918: 110. — Casey 1915: 48. — Blackwelder 1944: 245. — Machatschke 1957: 79.

Etymology

Although it was not expressed by the author of the nominal taxon, the noun derives from ‘ villus ’ (plural ‘ villi ’) meaning ‘hair’, and refers the abundant vestiture that covers all the body, and that is now a generic character.

Material examined

Lectotype (here designated)

MEXICO • ♂; “ Ohaus determ. Spilota villosella Blanchard ”; [green label (Reverse)] “2, 44”; MNHN. (Designated herein by monotypy sensu Art. 73.1.2 of ICZN.)

Other material

MEXICO – Colima • 1 ♀; “ Tonila, Colima. Höge.; H.W. Bates, Biol. Cent. Amer”; MNHN • 1 ♂; “ Colima, Mex. Höge.; Spilota villosella Bl. ; Anomala villosella Blanch. Museum f. Naturkunde Berlin (MFNB)”; ZMHB • 1 ♂; “ Colima, 12/VII. Mexico. 300 m.; Anomala villosella Blanch. Museum f. Naturkunde Berlin (MFNB)”; ZMHB • 1 ♂; “ MEXICO: Colima, Colima; Ohaus determ. Anomala villosella Blanch. ; ZMHB • 1 ♂; “ Iguala, Guerrero . Höge.; ♂; Phyllopertha villosella Blanch ; H.W. Bates, Biol. Cent. Amer”; MNHN. – Durango • 1 ♀; “ Ventanas , Durango, Hoege; Spilota villosella Bl. ; Anomala villosella Blanch. ; Anomala villosella Blanch. Museum f. Naturkunde Berlin (MFNB)”; ZMHB. – Guerrero • 2 ♂♂; “Iguala, Guerrero. Höge; H.W. Bates, Biol, Cent, Amer”; MNHN • 1 ♂; “ México: Guerrero 3 km sur de Mezcala 13/VI/2001 H. Brailovsky, E. Barrera; Colección del Instituto de Biología, UNAM. México, D.F.”; CNIN • 2 ♂♂; “ STHMM0013 MÉXICO: GUERRERO. Los Amates, Iguala , SBC. 18°24′52.7″ 99°30′0.1″. 29-VIII-2009. 20:55 Graminea. G. Rodríguez col.”; FESA • 1 ♀; “ México: Guerrero. Alpoyeca 26-V-2006. 17°35´15″N, 98°32′46.6″O. E. Barrera; Colección del Instituto de Biología, UNAM. México, D. F.”; CNIN • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; “ MÉXICO: Guerrero, Ixtapa, zona hotelera . 04-Nov-2008. Recol. Ricardo Medina Ortíz; JPZ2015 , LJ002259 & LJ002257 ”; FESI • 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀; “ P. Marqués, Gro. 13-IX-81. Col. WLFC; IBUNAM: CNIN: CO45229 (barcode); 45229 (QR code); Strigoderma presidii Bates, 1889 . Det. C.X. Pérez-Hernández, 2013”; CNIN • 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for preceding, except: IBUNAM: CNIN: CO4523o (barcode); 45230 (QR code), and IBUNAM: CNIN: CO45231 (barcode); 45231 (QR code); CNIN • 1 ♀; “ MÉXICO: GUERRERO, IXTAPA ZIHUATANEJO . 26-27-XII-1993. H.Y.KA. BRAILOVSKY; IBUNAM: CNIN: CO45227 (barcode); 45227 (QR code); Strigoderma presidii Bates, 1889 . Det. C.X. Pérez-Hernández, 2013”; CNIN • 1 ♀; “ Mescala, Guerrero. H.H. Smith.; 86492 ; Anomala villosella Blanch. Museum f. Naturkunde Berlin ( MFNB)”; ZMHB. – Jalisco • 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀; “ MÉXICO: Jalisco, Pto. Vallarta, CUC. 11/07/2013. A. Bitar col.; Flores, colecta directa 3:00 pm”; ARPC • 1 ♂; “ MÉXICO: Jalisco, Tenacatita, Los Angeles Locos. 70 m. 14-VI-94. Luz. G. Nogueira; Strigoderma praesidii Bates. M.A. Morón , det. 98”; ARPC • 2 ♂♂; “ MÉX: Jal. La Huerta. 9/VII/81. Curoe col.”; MXAL • 1 ♂; “ MÉXICO: Jalisco, Casimiro Castillo. 390 m. 17-VI-94. G. Nogueira col.”; MXAL • 1 ♀; “ México: Jalisco, Estación Biológica de Chamela. 19.48928 N, 105.0376 O. 107 m. 10-17/V/2013. Trampa de intercepción 3. Col. S. Zaragoza-Caballero; Melolonthidae 212 Morfo 11”; CNIN • 1 ♀; “ CHAMELA, JAL. X-74 H.B.B; IBUNAM: CNIN: CO45228 (barcode); 45228 (QR code); Strigoderma presidii Bates, 1889 . Det. C.X. Pérez-Hernández, 2013”; CNIN. – Morelos • 1 ♂; “ Xochitepec, Mor. 30 Juni 62. Blume. Col. J. Hendrichs S.; Ex-Colección Jorge Hendrichs S.H.”; CNIN • 4 ♂♂; “ PALO BOLERO , Mor. 21 Mai 65. Flor del Zopilote. Col J. Hendrichs S.; Ex-Colección Jorge Hendrichs S.H.”; CNIN • 1 ♂; “ ESTACAS , Mor. 5 Juni 55. FleiB Lieschen. J. Hendrichs; Ex-Colección Jorge Hendrichs S.H.”; CNIN • 1 ♀; “ XOCHITEPEC , Mor. 7 Juni 64. Copa de Oro. Col J Hendrichs S; Ex-Colección Jorge Hendrichs S.H.”; CNIN • 1 ♀; “ XOCHITEPEC, Mor. 5 Juni 66. Strauch. Col J Hendrichs S; Ex-Colección Jorge Hendrichs S.H.”; CNIN • 2 ♀♀; “ XOCHITEPEC , Mor. 28-IX-75. Col J Hendrichs S; Ex-Colección Jorge Hendrichs S.H.”; CNIN • 1 ♂; “ SAN RAFAEL , Mor. 2 Nov 53. Violette Hinde. J Hendrichs; Ex-Colección Jorge Hendrichs S.H.”; CNIN • 2 ♂♂; “ México: Morelos, Huautla . 8/X/96. A Pérez; Strigoderma villosela ; CNIN • 1 ♀; “ CPO. EXP. Xalostoc, Mor. Sep. 24-62. E. Pacheco.; algodón; Epectinaspis opacicollis Bates, 1888 . L.L. Delgado C. det. 1989”; CEIFIT • 1 ♂; “ Cpo. Experim. TEPALCINGO , Mor. Sep.-3-1961. E Pacheco m.; algodón; Anomala villosella Blanch. Det. Cartw ´62.”; CEIFIT • 1 ♂; “ San Isidro, Yauteppec , Mor. 8/IX/1995. 1100 msnm. s/maleza. Victor R. Castrejón ”; CEIFIT . • 1 ♀; “ MEXICO: Morelos. 2.5 km N 4 km O. Huautla. Estación CEAMISH. Selva Baja Caducifolia. 4-8.X.1996. alt. 940 m. en vegetación. A. Pérez Col.; Anomala villosella Blanchard 1850 . A. Pérez det. 1996”; CNIN • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; “ MÉXICO: Morelos. 2.5 km N, 4 km O Huautla. Estación CEAMISH. 8-IX-1996. Alt. 940 m. 18°27´.671 N 99°02´.475 O. Col. M. A. Morales ”; CNIN . • 13 ♂♂; “ MÉXICO: Morelos. Loc. 2. 2.5 km O de Ajuchitlán. Selva baja caducifolia . 5-9.X.1996. Alt. 950 m. 18°28´.065 N, 96°59´.546 O. en vegetación. A. Pérez Col.”; CNIN • 1 ♂; “ Yautepec 25; México J. Flohr G.; 88531 ; Anomala villosella Blanch. Museum f. Naturkunde Berlin ( MFNB)”; ZMHB. – Oaxaca • 1 ♂; “ BALS03345 MÉXICO: OAXACA, cerro El Coralillo , SB. 17°53′44.7″, 96°3′31.3″ 1453 m. 23/VIII/2004, 22:00. M.A. Hollenbach, G. Hubbard, cols.”; FESA • 1 ♂; “ E. Barrera col. MÉXICO. Huajuapan de León , Oaxaca. 17-IX-80.; Colección del Instituto de Biología, UNAM. México, DF.”; CNIN • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; “ Oaxaca, Huatulco, Hotel Camino Real . 15.774303°, -96.091766°. En flores 12:30 pm. Selva Baja Caducifolia . 10 msnm.”; ARPC. – Puebla • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; “ Matamoros, Izucar , Puebla, Höge; H.W. Bates, Biol. Cent. Amer”; MNHN • 4 ♂♂; “Ant. Col. Mus. de Hist. Nat. Matamoros Puebla. 1171; Epectinaspis opacicollis Bates. M.A. Morón det. 97”; CNIN .

Redescription

Male

FORM. Body slightly convex and robust.

SIZE. Total length from 7.60–9.22 mm; maximum width from 2.91–5.0 mm.

COLOR. Clypeus, frons, pronotum and scutellum shiny green or brown with violet sparkles; antennal club dark brown; pronotum with brown reddish tones in lateral borders; elytra and striae brown yellowish; elytral suture and epipleura dark brown; prepygidium dark brown; pygidium light brown in lateral basal portion and dark brown in center; abdomen dark brown in 1 st and 2 nd sternites, light brown in anal plate; pro-, meso-, and metasternum from dark brown to almost black with green or violet sparkles; legs dark brown with green sparkles.

HEAD. Clypeus semioval, anterior border moderately reflexed; hairy surface, setae of moderate thickness and length; rugose punctuated texture, homogeneous, broad, and deep punctation; frontoclypeal suture continuous and conspicuous, elevated; antennal escape highly covered by hairs, long and thick setae; pedicel and funicle poorly covered; antennal club (0.86–1.35 mm) similar or slightly bigger than escape (0.19–0.39 mm), pedicel (0.09–0.12 mm) and funicle (0.21–0.48 mm) together; interocular width between 3.81–4.57 transverse eye diameters.

PRONOTUM. Subtrapezoidal, wider (2.69–3.46 mm) than long (1.73–2.71 mm); lateral borders rounded; lateral margins straight in posterior portion; anterior cuticular projection complete; punctuated and setose surface, fine and shallow punctures; setae of moderate length, backwards decumbent, base as wide as elytral base.

SCUTELLUM. Subtriangular; basally setose, setae like those of pronotum; punctuated surface.

ELYTRA. Slightly wider (3.58–5.00 mm) than long (3.83–4.50 mm); humeral calli elongated and constrained until half of elytra; elytral suture apex spiniform with oblique tips; striae marked by punctures irregularly separated from one another; surface uniformly setose, setae length like those of pronotum; epipleura thick and developed until de 2 nd visible sternite; subtly thickened; notable apical calli.

MESEPIMERA. Visible over the elytral base.

PREPYGIDIUM. Surface punctuated in anterolateral and posterior portions; highly hairy in posterior part, setae long and decumbent.

PYGIDIUM. Subtriangular, convex, slightly wider (2.269 –2.564 mm) than long (1.692 –2.115 mm); setose surface except in a middle longitudinal line, thick and long setae like those of prepygidium, highly dense.

MESOMETASTERNAL PROJECTION. Slightly protuberant at mesocoxal level; barely appreciated in lateral view.

METASTERNUM. Lustrous; slightly punctuated; strongly setose; middle portion glabrous and excavated.

ABDOMEN. 1.46 times as wide as long; sternites from 2–5, hairy along a transverse line, setae of medium thickness and length, denser like locks in pleural borders, scarce in center; very shallow punctation; sternites from 2–4 with the same width, 5 th sternite two times as wide as the previous; 6 th sternite border clearly sinuated.

LEGS. Protibia gradually widened; tarsomeres from 1–4 notably thickened and reduced, of similar length; 5 th tarsomere with a small inner, basal and blunt denticle, and slightly longer than (0.49–0.58 mm) or equal to the previous tarsomeres together (0.39–0.47 mm); inner claw highly cleft, very narrowed; superior ramus acute and short; inferior ramus thickened, highly oblique almost spiniform, three or four times as wide as superior ramus. Mesotibia very wide at center; carina oblique with 5–8 thick spiniform setae; apical crown with 7–8 spines; spurs acute and curved at apex; inner spur longer than the 2 nd tarsomere. Metatibia short, widened at center; carina at the inferior third with 10–12 spiniform setae; apical crown with 12–15 spines; surface notably punctuated; 5 th tarsomere slightly smaller (0.74– 0.86 mm) than the previous tarsomeres together (0.86–1.03 mm); tarsomeres from 1–4 highly widened, progressively short, similar in length; apical spur very thick, curved at apex, inner spur little longer than the 1 st tarsomere.

MALE GENITALIA. Parameres dorsoventrally depressed, in perpendicular position; setose in dorsal and ventral sides, setae long and denser in ventral side; external borders curved, with preapical notch; medial lobe triangular, shorter than parameres, not fused with basal piece or parameres; one prominent lobe on each side ventrally.

Taxonomic comments

This species was described by Blanchard (1851) in the genus Phyllopertha and was transferred between the genera Anomala and Strigoderma throughout its history. Casey (1915) established it as the type species of his new genus Lamoana ; this decision is herein supported and thus we revalidate Lamoana for this species.

Variation

Some specimens present the clypeus with a subrectangular to oval form, with the anterior border poorly reflexed or almost flat. The frontoclypeal suture without any apparent elevation, discontinuous or barely noticeable. The antennal club is very variable, it can be as long or even longer than the previous antennomeres. The lateral borders of pronotum can be rounded to slightly angulated in the front third. The protarsomeres vary slightly in length and thickness, and the metatibia vary in length, width, and in the density of pubescence.

Sexual dimorphism

Females have a shorter antennal club (similar to the length of the pedicel and funicle together), the epipleuron wider, the protibia and protarsomeres thinner, the 1 st protarsomere longer than 2 nd, 3 rd and 4 th protarsomere, the protarsal claw with ramus similar in thickness and the abdomen less depressed.

Distribution

Lamoana villosella has a wide distribution range, mainly in the north central part of Mexico in the states Colima, Guerrero, Jalisco , Morelos, Oaxaca, and Puebla, extending north to the state of Durango. Its geographical distribution corresponds to the Balsas Basin and the Pacific Lowlands provinces (in the Nayarit-Guerrero district) ( Morrone 2019), in ecosystems with dry and tropical forest ( Dinerstein et al. 1995) located between 0 and 1500 m a.s.l.

Phenology

This species is from May to November.

Biological data

This is a species apparently with anthophilous habits, some records show that the specimens have been collected in grasses, cotton and flowers in deciduous forest ecosystems. The life cycle and immature states are still unknown.

Figures

Fig. 2. Dorsal habitus of American genera of Anomalini Peringuey, 1902 with their corresponding tegmen in ventral view. Scale bars: specimen = 2 mm; tegmen = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 3. Tegmen with the parameres in perpendicular position. a. Strigoderma villosella (Blanchard, 1851). b. Moroniella Ramírez-Ponce, 2015. c. Balanogonia Paucar-Cabrera, 2003. d. Callirhinus Blanchard, 1851. e. Mazahuapertha Morón & Nogueira, 1998. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 4. Parameres (caudal view) and median lobe (ventral view). a–b. Strigoderma villosella (Blanchard, 1851). c–d. Moroniella Ramírez-Ponce, 2015. e–f. Balanogonia Paucar-Cabrera, 2003. g–h. Callirhinus Blanchard, 1851. i–j. Mazahuapertha Morón & Nogueira, 1998. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 5. Lateral view of the genera with perpendicular parameres. a. Strigoderma villosella (Blanchard, 1851). b. Moroniella Ramírez-Ponce, 2015. c. Balanogonia Paucar-Cabrera, 2003. d. Callirhinus Blanchard, 1851. e. Mazahuapertha Morón & Nogueira, 1998. Scale bars = 1 mm.

Fig. 6. Dorsal habitus of the genera with perpendicular parameres. a. Strigoderma villosella (Blanchard, 1851). b. Moroniella Ramírez-Ponce, 2015. c. Balanogonia Paucar-Cabrera, 2003. d. Callirhinus Blanchard, 1851. e. Mazahuapertha Morón & Nogueira, 1998. Scale bars = 1 mm.

Fig. 7. Parameres and median lobe in ventral view. a. Strigoderma villosella (Blanchard, 1851). b–f. Strigoderma spp. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 8. Morphological characters in Lamoana villosella (Blanchard, 1851). a. Ventral view of habitus. b. Oblique view of habitus.c. Metasternum.d. Dorsal view of head and pronotum.e. Protibia.f. Protarsus.

Fig. 9. Distribution map of the genera with perpendicular parameres (the only genus not endemic to Mexico is Moroniella Ramírez-Ponce, 2015, which extends into Central America).