Paramaya De Haan, 1837

Ng, Peter K. L. & Forges, Bertrand Richer De, 2015, Revision of the spider crab genus Maja Lamarck, 1801 (Crustacea: Brachyura: Majoidea: Majidae), with descriptions of seven new genera and 17 new species from the Atlantic and Indo-West Pacific, Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 63, pp. 110-225 : 154-155

publication ID	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5384590
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:40BCDD62-D35E-46D1-95A3-2CC0DF219DEE
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scientific name	Paramaya De Haan, 1837
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Paramaya De Haan, 1837 View in CoL

Maja (Paramaya) De Haan, 1837 : pl. 24, fig. 4.

Maja (Paramaya) – De Haan, 1837: errata.

Paramaya View in CoL – Rathbun, 1905: 73.

Maja View in CoL – T. Sakai, 1938: 296 (part). – T. Sakai, 1965: 83 (part). (not Maja Lamarck, 1801 View in CoL ).

Diagnosis. Carapace ovate; dorsal surface convex, covered by granules or tubercles; gastric and branchial regions distinct, clearly delimited by distinct grooves ( Figs. 21 View Fig , 22A–C View Fig ). Intestinal region with long, distinct median spine ( Figs. 21 View Fig , 22A–C View Fig ). Pseudorostral spines very long, diverging ( Figs. 21 View Fig , 22A–C View Fig , 37A–C View Fig ). Supraorbital eave with anterior part longitudinally narrow, rectangular, not prominently expanded; antorbital spine sharp ( Fig. 37A–C View Fig ). Intercalated spine distinct, separated from supraorbital eave and postorbital spine by wide gaps; postorbital spine strong; hepatic region with 1 strong spine, slightly shorter or longer than postorbital spine; 1 smaller spine below ( Fig. 37A–C View Fig ). Lateral carapace margin with 3 long spines and numerous granules and spinules, branchial region with 3, sometimes 4 spines ( Figs. 21 View Fig , 22A–C View Fig ). Posterior carapace margin with 2 long median spines ( Figs. 21 View Fig , 22A–C View Fig ). Eyes relatively long, slender, with ovoid cornea ( Fig. 37A–C View Fig ). Antennal flagellum short, slender. Basal antennal article longer than broad, rectangular; surface with several low tubercles, with 2 spines distally; inner and outer lateral margins smooth to uneven; proximal outer angle acute, may be produced into spine; antero-external crested rim of antennular fossa overlaps distal part of basal antennal article by about a third of its width, forming hook-like structure ( Fig. 40A–C View Fig ). Epistome rectangular, longer than broad, anterior margin with 2 tubercles; posterior margin composed of 4 rectangular plates separated by shallow fissures ( Figs. 40A–C View Fig , 42A, B View Fig ). Suborbital margin separated from basal antennal article by U-shaped cleft, separated from margin of postorbital tooth by deep fissure ( Fig. 40A–C View Fig ). Outer surface of third maxilliped covered by setae; ischium subrectangular, longer than broad; postero-external angle of merus very narrow, elongate, “inserted” into deep concavity on outer margin of ischium; antero-internal part of ischium acutely triangular ( Fig. 45I–L View Fig ). Male chelipeds relatively long in adult males, surfaces of merus and carpus almost smooth; carpus elongate; propodus of palm elongated, may be inflated, curved, smooth, may have lateral cristae, palm longer than fingers ( Fig. 54A, C View Fig ); fingers long, slender, almost straight to gently curved, with or without distinct basal gape when closed ( Figs. 21 View Fig , 22A–C View Fig , 54A–C View Fig ). Ambulatory legs relatively long, slender; merus with long dorsal subdistal spine; dactylus elongate, curved, covered with long setae except for corneous tip ( Figs. 6G View Fig , 21 View Fig , 22A–C View Fig , 56A, B View Fig ). Thoracic sternum longer than wide; surfaces of somites 5–8 with small granules; sternites 3 and 4 distinctly depressed; margin between sternites 2 and 3 demarcated by deep cleft; anterior margin of sternoabdominal cavity not forming complete rim ( Figs. 50A–C View Fig , 52H View Fig ). Male abdomen subtriangular, with 6 free somites and telson; somites 3 and 4 wider than somites 5, 6 and telson ( Fig. 50A–C View Fig ). Male press-button abdominal locking mechanism submedian in position on sterno-abdominal cavity ( Fig. 52H View Fig ). Female abdomen dome-shaped, covering most of thoracic sternum. G1 very long, slender, gently curved; distal part with rounded tip, dorsal part folding upwards to form distinct dorsal projection, with scattered very short setae ( Fig. 23 View Fig ).

Type species. Maja (Maja) spinigera De Haan, 1837 View in CoL , by monotypy.

Remarks. The genus Paramaya was established by De Haan (1837: 24) to accommodate Maja (Maja) spinigera . As discussed earlier (see remarks for Maja ), the name is available even though it is very similar in spelling to Paramaja Kubo, 1936 . In the present study, we add two new species to Paramaya , P. ouch n. sp. from the Philippines and P. coccinea n. sp. from Vanuatu.

Members of Paramaya are distinctive with their very long carapace spines, elongate epistome and spinose ambulatory meri, and cannot be confused with any other genus. The carapaces of most of the Paramaya specimens examined were not extensively covered with animals or debris, and species generally only have sparse stiff setae on their bodies. Their ambulatory legs, however, are densely covered with long stiff setae and these often trap debris.

White (1847: 7) recognised a new species: “ PARAMAYA Dehaanii , n. s.” but did not provide any data or description.

His name is a nomen nudum and is not possible to identify at the moment.

References

Kubo I (1936) A new decapod crustacean from Japan, Paramaja kominatoensis, gen. et sp. nov. Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Scientific Fisheries, 4 (6): 361 - 364.

Lamarck JBPA de (1801) Systeme des animaux vertebres, ou Tableau general des classes, des ordres et des genres de ces animaux; Presentant leurs caracteres essentiels et leur distribution, d'apres la consideration de leurs rapports naturels et leur organisation, et suivant l'arrangement etablis dans les galeries du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, parmi leur depouilles conservees; Precede du discours d'ouverture du cours de zoologie, donne dans le Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle l'an 8 de la Republique. Deterville, Paris. Vol. 6: i - viii + 1 - 432.

Rathbun MJ (1905) Why not Paramaya? Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 18: 73.

Sakai T (1938) Studies on the Crabs of Japan. III. Brachygnatha, Oxyrhyncha. Yokendo, Tokyo, pp. 193 - 364, figs. 1 - 55, pls. 20 - 41, table I.

Sakai T (1965) The Crabs of the Sagami Bay collected by His Majesty the Emperor of Japan. Maruzen Co., Tokyo. i - xvi + 1 - 206 pp. [English section], figs. 1 - 27, pls. 1 - 100, 1 - 92 [in Japanese] + 1 - 26 [Bibliography and Index in English] + 27 - 32 [Index in Japanese] pp., 1 map.

White A (1847) List of specimens of Crustacea in the collection of the British Museum. British Museum, London, viii + 143 pp.

Figures

Fig. 21. General habitus, Paramaya species. A, P. spinigera (as Maja (Paramaya) spinigera, after De Haan, 1837: pl. 24, fig. 4); B, P. spinigera, dried female (70.1 × 58.8 mm) (KPM NH4195), Japan; C, P. spinigera, male (64.7 × 51.2 mm) (NHM 1961.6.5.117), Japan; D, P. spinigera, male (85.0 × 66.4 mm) (ZRC 1999.738), Taiwan; E, P. ouch n. sp., paratype male (39.7 × 29.6 mm) (ZRC 2011.0045), Philippines; F, P. ouch n. sp., holotype male (76.8 × 60.0 mm) (NMCR), Philippines.

Fig. 22. General habitus. A, Paramaya coccinea n. sp., holotype male (69.0 × 55.6 mm) (MNHN), Vanuatu; B, “Maja spinigera” (ca. 70 mm carapace length), Sri Lanka, not preserved (photograph: R. Pethiyagoda); C, D, “Maja spinigera” (after Alcock & Anderson, 1898: pl. 34, fig. 3).

Fig. 37. Frontal regions of carapaces. A, Paramaya spinigera, male (85.0 × 66.4 mm) (ZRC 1999.738), Taiwan; B, Paramaya ouch n. sp., holotype male (76.8 × 60.0 mm) (NMCR), Philippines; C, Paramaya coccinea n. sp., holotype male (69.0 × 55.6 mm) (MNHN), Vanuatu; D, Holthuija miersi, male (32.6 × 25.6 mm) (ZRC 2000.1497), Singapore; E, Holthuija miersii, male (22.3 × 16.5 mm) (CBM ZC4001), Singapore; F, Holthuija suluensis, holotype female (32.4 × 41.2 mm) (USNM 48224a), Philippines; G, Holthuija pauli n. sp., holotype male (37.3 × 28.0 mm) (NMCR), Philippines; H, Holthuija cognata n. sp., holotype male (29.5 × 23.7 mm) (CBM-ZC3662), Japan; I, Holthuija aussie n. sp., holotype ovigerous female (42.1 × 34.4 mm) (NMV J63752), Arafura Sea; J, Holthuija poorei n. sp., paratype female (27.0 × 22.5 mm) (NMV J63751), Arafura Sea; K, Sakaija japonica, male (22.3 × 17.8 mm) (ZRC 2013.1267), Taiwan; L, Sakaija africana, male (32.2 × 25.4 mm) (MNHN-IU-2010-928), Madagascar; M, Sakaija serenei n. sp., holotype male (17.4 × 14.7 mm) (NMCR), Philippines; N, Sakaija longispinosa n. sp., holotype ovigerous female (11.4 × 8.6 mm) (NMV J63792), Australia; O, Sakaija santo n. sp., holotype male (9.4 × 6.6 mm) (MNHN), Vanuatu.

Fig. 40. Antennae, antennules and epistomes. A, Paramaya spinigera, male (85.0 × 66.4 mm) (ZRC 1999.738), Taiwan; B, Paramaya ouch n. sp., holotype male (76.8 × 60.0 mm) (NMCR), Philippines; C, Paramaya coccinea n. sp., holotype male (69.0 × 55.6 mm) (MNHN), Vanuatu; D, Holthuija miersi, male (32.6 × 25.6 mm) (ZRC 2000.1497), Singapore; E, Holthuija miersii, male (22.3 × 16.5 mm) (CBM ZC4001), Singapore; F, Holthuija suluensis, holotype female (32.4 × 41.2 mm) (USNM 48224a), Philippines; G, Holthuija pauli n. sp., holotype male (37.3 × 28.0 mm) (NMCR), Philippines; H, Holthuija aussie n. sp., holotype ovigerous female (42.1 × 34.4 mm) (NMV J63752), Arafura Sea; I, Holthuija poorei n. sp., holotype male (24.3 × 18.7 mm) (NMV J63749), Timor Sea; J, Sakaija japonica, male (22.3 × 17.8 mm) (ZRC 2013.1267), Taiwan; K, Sakaija africana, male (32.2 × 25.4 mm) (MNHN-IU-2010-928), Madagascar; L, Sakaija serenei n. sp., holotype male (17.4 × 14.7 mm) (NMCR), Philippines; M, Sakaija santo n. sp., holotype male (9.4 × 6.6 mm) (MNHN), Vanuatu; N, Planaja plana n. gen. n. sp., holotype male (43.7 × 37.1 mm) (NMCR), Philippines; O, Ovimaja compressipes, male (49.6 × 39.6 mm) (ZRC 2008.1318), Taiwan.

Fig. 42. Epistomes. A, Paramaya spinigera, male (85.0 × 66.4 mm) (ZRC 1999.738), Taiwan; B, Paramaya coccinea n. sp., holotype male (69.0 × 55.6 mm) (MNHN), Vanuatu; C, Holthuija miersi, male (32.6 × 25.6 mm) (ZRC 2000.1497), Singapore; D, Holthuija suluensis, holotype female (32.4 × 41.2 mm) (USNM 48224a), Philippines; E, Holthuija aussie n. sp., holotype ovigerous female (42.1 × 34.4 mm) (NMV J63752), Arafura Sea; F, Sakaija japonica, male (22.3 × 17.8 mm) (ZRC 2013.1267), Taiwan; G, Planaja plana n. gen. n. sp., holotype male (43.7 × 37.1 mm) (NMCR), Philippines; H, Ovimaja compressipes, male (49.6 × 39.6 mm) (ZRC 2008.1318), Taiwan.

Fig. 45. Third maxillipeds. A, Alcomaja irrorata n. sp., holotype male (52.6 × 45.7 mm) (NMCR), Philippines; B, Alcomaja gracilipes, holotype male (45.4 × 43.5 mm) (IOCAS K33B-34), South China Sea [third max laterally inverted to match]; C, Alcomaja gracilipes, male (41.4 × 35.4 mm) (ZRC 2013.1225), Philippines; D, Alcomaja desmondi n. sp., holotype male (35.4 × 28.3 mm) (NMCR), Philippines; E, Alcomaja nagashimaensis, holotype male (34.0 × 28.5 mm) (USNM 125886), Japan; F, Alcomaja nagashimaensis, male (30.5 × 26.0 mm) (ZRC 2001.430), Philippines; G, Alcomaja latens n. sp., holotype male (25.3 × 21.4 mm) (MNHN-IU-2013-4050), Solomon Islands; H, Alcomaja miriky n. sp., holotype male (26.4 × 20.9 mm) (MNHN-IU-2010-929), Madagascar; I, Paramaya spinigera, male (85.0 × 66.4 mm) (ZRC 1999.738), Taiwan; J, Paramaya ouch n. sp., holotype male (76.8 × 60.0 mm) (NMCR), Philippines; K, Paramaya ouch n. sp., paratype male (39.7 × 29.6 mm) (ZRC 2011.0045), Philippines; L, Paramaya coccinea n. sp., holotype male (69.0 × 55.6 mm) (MNHN), Vanuatu.

Fig. 54. Chelae. A, Paramaya spinigera, male (85.0 × 66.4 mm) (ZRC 1999.738), Taiwan; B, Paramaya ouch n. sp., paratype male (76.5 × 61.3 mm) (ZRC 2001.0577), Philippines; C, Paramaya coccinea n. sp., holotype male (69.0 × 55.6 mm) (MNHN), Vanuatu; D, Holthuija miersi, male (32.6 × 25.6 mm) (ZRC 2000.1497), Singapore; E, Holthuija suluensis, holotype female (32.4 × 41.2 mm) (USNM 48224a), Philippines; F, Holthuija pauli n. sp., holotype male (37.3 × 28.0 mm) (NMCR), Philippines; G, Holthuija cognata n. sp., holotype male (29.5 × 23.7 mm) (CBM-ZC3662), Japan; H, Holthuija aussie n. sp., holotype ovigerous female (42.1 × 34.4 mm) (NMV J63752), Arafura Sea; I, Holthuija poorei n. sp., holotype male (24.3 × 18.7 mm) (NMV J63749), Timor Sea; J, Sakaija japonica, male (22.3 × 17.8 mm) (ZRC 2013.1267), Taiwan; K, Sakaija serenei n. sp., holotype male (17.4 × 14.7 mm) (NMCR), Philippines; L, Sakaija santo n. sp., holotype male (9.4 × 6.6 mm) (MNHN), Vanuatu; M, Sakaija africana, male (32.2 × 25.4 mm) (MNHN-IU-2010-928), Madagascar; N, Planaja plana n. gen. n. sp., holotype male (43.7 × 37.1 mm) (NMCR), Philippines; O, Ovimaja compressipes, holotype female (51.2 × 40.5 mm) (NHM 1860.15), China; P, Ovimaja compressipes, male (49.6 × 39.6 mm) (ZRC 2008.1318), Taiwan.

Fig. 6. General habitus and right first ambulatory legs. A, Maja crispata, male (63.1 × 51.9 mm) (MNHN-IU-2013-4042), Italy; B, Maja crispata, male (48.5 × 39.0 mm) (MNHN-IU-2013-4041), Italy; C, Neomaja goltziana, male (73.4 × 65.0 mm) (MNHN-IU-2013-4046), Congo; D, Neomaja goltziana, male (90.2 × 83.1 mm) (MNHN-IU-2013-4044), Gabon; E, Maja squinado, neotype male (147.1 × 126.3 mm) (SMF-4548), Croatia; F, Neomaja goltziana, male (74.7 × 66.7 mm) (MNHN-IU-2013-4043), Senegal; G, Paramaya spinigera, male (85.0 × 66.4 mm) (ZRC 1999.738), Taiwan; H, Paramaja turgida n. sp., holotype male (74.1 × 66.8 mm) (NMCR), Philippines.

Fig. 56. First ambulatory dactyli and propodi. A, Paramaya spinigera, dried female (70.1 × 58.8 mm) (KPM NH4195), Japan; B, Paramaya coccinea n. sp., holotype male (69.0 × 55.6 mm) (MNHN), Vanuatu; C, Holthuija miersi, male (32.6 × 25.6 mm) (ZRC 2000.1497), Singapore; D, Holthuija suluensis, holotype female (32.4 × 41.2 mm) (USNM 48224a), Philippines; E, Holthuija cognata n. sp., holotype male (29.5 × 23.7 mm) (CBM-ZC3662), Japan [figure laterally inverted]; F, Holthuija aussie n. sp., holotype ovigerous female (42.1 × 34.4 mm) (NMV J63752), Arafura Sea; G, Holthuija poorei, n. sp. paratype female (27.0 × 22.5 mm) (NMV J63751), Arafura Sea; H, Sakaija japonica, male (22.3 × 17.8 mm) (ZRC 2013.1267), Taiwan; I, Sakaija serenei n. sp., holotype male (17.4 × 14.7 mm) (NMCR), Philippines [figure laterally inverted]; J, Sakaija santo n. sp., holotype male (9.4 × 6.6 mm) (MNHN), Vanuatu; K, Planaja plana n. gen. n. sp., holotype male (43.7 × 37.1 mm) (NMCR), Philippines; L, Ovimaja compressipes, male (49.6 × 39.6 mm) (ZRC 2008.1318), Taiwan.

Fig. 50. Male anterior thoracic sternums and abdomens. A, Paramaya spinigera, male (85.0 × 66.4 mm) (ZRC 1999.738), Taiwan; B, Paramaya ouch n. sp., holotype male (76.8 × 60.0 mm) (NMCR), Philippines; C, Paramaya coccinea n. sp., holotype male (69.0 × 55.6 mm) (MNHN), Vanuatu; D, Holthuija miersi, male (32.6 × 25.6 mm) (ZRC 2000.1497), Singapore; E, Holthuija miersii, male (22.3 × 16.5 mm) (CBM ZC4001), Singapore; F, Holthuija suluensis, male (11.5 × 8.2 mm) (USNM 48507), Philippines; G, Holthuija pauli n. sp., holotype male (37.3 × 28.0 mm) (NMCR), Philippines; H, Holthuija cognata n. sp., holotype male (29.5 × 23.7 mm) (CBM-ZC3662), Japan; I, Holthuija poorei n. sp., holotype male (24.3 × 18.7 mm) (NMV J63749), Timor Sea.

Fig. 52. Male sterno-abdominal cavities. A, Maja brachydactyla, male (98.4 × 89.0 mm) (ZRC 2009.1130), U.K.; B, Maja crispata, male (63.1 × 51.9 mm) (MNHN-IU-2013-4042), Italy; C, Neomaja goltziana, male (73.4 × 65.0 mm) (MNHN-IU-2013-4046), Congo; D, Paramaja gibba n. sp., male (79.5 × 77.9 mm) (ZRC 2013.1232), Bay of Bengal; E, Alcomaja irrorata n. sp., holotype male (52.6 × 45.7 mm) (NMCR), Philippines; F, Alcomaja desmondi n. sp., holotype male (35.4 × 28.3 mm) (NMCR), Philippines; G, Alcomaja nagashimaensis, male (30.5 × 26.0 mm) (ZRC 2001.430), Philippines; H, Paramaya spinigera, male (85.0 × 66.4 mm) (ZRC 1999.738), Taiwan; I, Holthuija miersi, male (32.6 × 25.6 mm) (ZRC 2000.1497), Singapore; J, Sakaija japonica, male (22.3 × 17.8 mm) (ZRC 2013.1267), Taiwan; K, Planaja plana n. gen. n. sp., holotype male (43.7 × 37.1 mm) (NMCR), Philippines; L, Ovimaja compressipes, male (49.6 × 39.6 mm) (ZRC 2008.1318), Taiwan.

Fig. 23. Left G1s, Paramaya species. A–C, P. spinigera, male (85.0 × 66.4 mm) (ZRC 1999.738), Taiwan; D–F, P. ouch n. sp., holotype male (76.8 × 60.0 mm) (NMCR), Philippines; G–I, P. coccinea n. sp., holotype male (69.0 × 55.6 mm) (MNHN), Vanuatu. Scale bars = 5.0 mm [A, D, G]; 1.0 mm [B, C, E, F, H, I].