Lentilactobacillus, Zheng & Wittouck & Salvetti & Franz & Harris & Mattarelli & O’Toole & Pot & Vandamme & Walter & Watanabe & Wuyts & Felis & Gänzle & Lebeer, 2020

Zheng, Jinshui, Wittouck, Stijn, Salvetti, Elisa, Franz, Charles M. A. P., Harris, Hugh M. B., Mattarelli, Paola, O’Toole, Paul W., Pot, Bruno, Vandamme, Peter, Walter, Jens, Watanabe, Koichi, Wuyts, Sander, Felis, Giovanna E., Gänzle, Michael G. & Lebeer, Sarah, 2020, A taxonomic note on the genus Lactobacillus: Description of 23 novel genera, emended description of the genus Lactobacillus Beijerinck 1901, and union of Lactobacillaceae and Leuconostocaceae, International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 70, pp. 2782-2858 : 2844

DESCRIPTIONOF LENTILACTOBACILLUS GEN. NOV.

Lentilactobacillus (Len.ti.lac.to.ba.cil’lus. L. masc. adj. lentus slow, sluggish, referring to the slow growth of species in the genus with lactate or propanediol as carbon course; N.L. masc. n. Lactobacillus a bacterial genus name; N.L. masc. n. Lentilactobacillus a slow [growing] lactobacillus).

Gram-positive, rod-shaped, catalase negative, heterofermentative. Most strains grow at 15 °C and some also grow at 45 °C, the pH range of growth is highly variable but optimal growth is typically observed below pH 6.0. The genome size ranges from 1.57 Mbp for Lentilactobacillus senioris to 4.91 Mbp for Lentilactobacillus parakefiri , the mol% G+C content of DNA ranges from 39.1–45.2 %. Strains in thegenus were isolatedfrom silage, fermented vegetables, particularly as secondary fermentation or spoilage microbiota, (spoiled) wine and cereal mashes. Generally, strains in the species lead a free-living lifestyle; individual species of the genus, particularly L. senioris , appear to transition to a specialized, host adapted lifestyle. Lentilactobacillus species generally metabolize a broad spectrum of pentoses, hexoses, and disaccharides. Most species metabolize lactate to 1,2-propanediol and / or 1,2-propanediol to propanol and propionate; these pathways are virtually exclusive to heterofermentative lactobacilli and, among these, most common and most frequent in Lentilactobacillus . Most Lentilactobacillus species also convert agmatine, a product of bacterial decarboxylation of arginine, via the agmatine deiminase pathway [ 14, 326]; in lactobacilli, this pathway is associated with a free-living lifestyle. Lentilactobacillus species are used commercially as silage starter cultures, and in few dairy and cereal applications.

Aphylogenetic tree on the basis of 16S rRNA genes of all species in the genus Lentilactobacillus is provided in Figure S6S .

The type speciesof the genus is Lentilactobacillus buchneri comb. nov.; Lentilactobacillus was previously referred to as L. buchneri group.

Figures

Fig. 6. Gene family presence/absence patterns in Lactobacillaceae and Leuconostocaceae. Each column represents a gene family presence/absence pattern in species of Lactobacillaceae and Leuconostoaceae, where presence is indicated with a dot. The absolute number of gene families that conform to each pattern is visualized in the marginal bar plot at the top. Separations between phylogroups are indicated with horizontal black lines. We defined genes that were present in all genomes of a clade and in none of the genomes outside of that clade as ‘signature genes’ (dark blue); other genes are shown in light blue. Only presence/absence patterns followed by four or more gene families are shown. Patterns of presence in a single species or all species are not shown. Unassigned species are clusters of closely related genomes which could not be assigned to a known species due to low whole-genome similarity to a type strain and/or low 16S rRNA similarity to a type strain.