Ligilactobacillus araffinosus, Zheng, Jinshui, Wittouck, Stijn, Salvetti, Elisa, Franz, Charles M. A. P., Harris, Hugh M. B., Mattarelli, Paola, O’Toole, Paul W., Pot, Bruno, Vandamme, Peter, Walter, Jens, Watanabe, Koichi, Wuyts, Sander, Felis, Giovanna E., Gänzle, Michael G. & Lebeer, Sarah, 2020

Zheng, Jinshui, Wittouck, Stijn, Salvetti, Elisa, Franz, Charles M. A. P., Harris, Hugh M. B., Mattarelli, Paola, O’Toole, Paul W., Pot, Bruno, Vandamme, Peter, Walter, Jens, Watanabe, Koichi, Wuyts, Sander, Felis, Giovanna E., Gänzle, Michael G. & Lebeer, Sarah, 2020, A taxonomic note on the genus Lactobacillus: Description of 23 novel genera, emended description of the genus Lactobacillus Beijerinck 1901, and union of Lactobacillaceae and Leuconostocaceae, International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 70, pp. 2782-2858 : 2822-2823

DESCRIPTIONOF LIGILACTOBACILLUS ARAFFINOSUS SP. NOV.

Ligilactobacillus araffinosus (a.raf.fi.no’sus. Gr. pref. a not; N.L. masc. adj. raffinosus of raffinose; N.L. masc. adj. araffinosus , not fermenting raffinose).

Basonym: Lactobacillus aviarius subsp. araffinosus Fujisawa etal. 1985 , 223 VP; Fujisawa etal. 1986, (Effective publication: Fujisawa etal., 1984, 419).

Placement of L. araffinosus in a separate species is supported by ANI values and digital DNA–DNA hybridization [ 10]. The availability of the genome sequences of the type strains of both subspecies revealed that they are only distantly related with an ANI value of 88.98%, substantially below the 95–96 % threshold recognised for the species level. Furthermore, their core nucleotide identity (CNI) [ 10] is 91.1, which is below the 94 % threshold at which two strains are allocated tothe same species. Finally, their in silico DDH value is 37.80, whichadditionally supports thatthese two subspeciesshould be recognised as different species [ 10].

Cells are Gram- positive, non-motile, non-spore-forming rods with rounded ends, usually occurring singly or in short chains. L. araffinosus strainsferment trehaloseand cellobiose, they do not produce acid from galactose, lactose, melibiose

and raffinose [ 51]. The genome size of the type strain is 1.48 Mbp. The mol% G+C content of DNA is 38.1.

Isolated from the intestine and faeces of birds.

Thetypestrainis ML2 T = ATCC 43235 T = DSM 20653 T = CCUG 32231 T =CIP 103145 T = JCM 5667 T

Genome sequence accession number: AYYZ00000000.

16S rRNA gene accession number: AB289043 .