Propristocera formosimonticola ( Terayama, 1996 )

Liao, Hauchuan, Terayama, Mamoru & Eguchi, Katsuyuki, 2019, Revision of Taiwanese and Ryukyuan species of Propristocera (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae), with description of a new species, Zootaxa 4668 (4), pp. 451-474 : 460-464

Propristocera formosimonticola ( Terayama, 1996)

( Figs 9–11 )

Apenesia formosimonticola Terayama, 1996: 24 , Figs 6–8 , type: holotype (male, NMST, examined), type loc.: Meifeng-Sungkang, Nantou Hsien, Taiwan.

Propristocera formosimonticola: Azevedo et al., 2018: 115 (genus transfer).

Diagnosis. Male. TL = 6.0– 6.3 mm. HL/HW × 100 = 113–114. Head with sparse and shallow foveae (ca. 0.02– 0.03 mm in diameter) with intervals imbricate, usually as wide as or wider than diameter of foveae. Clypeus obtuse-triangular. Mandible with one apical tooth. LP/WP = 1.27–1.30. Metapostnotal median carina incomplete posteriorly. Median portion of propodeal declivity smooth and shining. Apical lobe of aedeagus forming one large apicolateral extension largely hooked ventrobasad, but does not reach the level of ventral valve; outer edge of the extension serrate. Female. Unknown.

Male description. Full description was given by Terayama (1996). Additional information as below.

Head. HL/HW × 100 = 113–114 (holotype 113). Dorsal face with sparse and shallow foveae (ca. 0.02–0.03 mm in diameter) with intervals imbricate, usually as wide as or wider than diameter of foveae. Occipital carina present.

Mesosoma. Mesopleuron elongate, largely smooth and shining excluding anterior, upper and lower depressions; anterior, upper and lower depressions present, with inconspicuous foveae; mesopleural pit absent. Lateral surface of metapectal-propodeal complex weakly imbricate. Metapectal-propodeal complex in dorsal view with LP/WP = 1.27–1.30 (holotype 1.27), with lateral margins subparallel and slightly convex; metapostnotal median carina moderately distinct, incomplete posteriorly; submedian rugae moderately distinct, irregularly running; sublateral margin inconspicuous or absent; transverse posterior margin conspicuous laterally and inconspicuous or absent medially; dorsomedian face coarsely rugoso-scabrous, with interspaces weakly imbricate and shining; antero-inner portion of dorsolateral face imbricate; postero-outer portion of dorsolateral face strongly areolate-rugose, with intervals somewhat imbricate but shining; median portion of propodeal declivity smooth and shining. Forewing with cu-a not meeting directly with Rs+m (arrows in Fig. 9F ).

Metasoma. Hypopygium with median stalk as long as lateral ones; apical part relatively strongly incurved and trilobate, with two large lateral and one small median lobes; outer face of apicomedian part with long setae. Basiparamere glabrous. Paramere in ventral view elongate-triangular, slightly curved inward, with blunt apex, entirely covered with setae increasing in length apicad; inner basal portion with a concavity which accommodates digitus and cuspis. Cuspis lobate and extending outward; middle and subapical parts of outer face with short and thin setae. Digitus extending outward, curled; outer face with foveae. Apical lobe of aedeagus forming one large apicolateral extension which is largely hooked ventrobasad, but does not reach level of ventral valve of aedeagus; apical edge of extension serrate; medium valve of aedeagus absent.

Female. Unknown.

Material examined. 1 Ƌ (TN 190101 -01); Taiwan, Nantou County, Meifeng , 2150 m alt.; K. S. Lin. & S. C. Lin leg.; 22–26/VI/1983; 1 Ƌ (TN 190101 -02) ; Taiwan, Nantou County, Meifeng , 2150 m alt.; K. S. Lin. & S. C. Lin leg.; 7–9/V/1981 .

Taxonomic remarks. This species is most similar in general appearance (except the characters mentioned below) to P. okinawensis among the named species known from East and Southeast Asia, but easily distinguished from the latter by the following characters in the male (female unknown): lateral surface of metapectal-propodeal complex weakly imbricate in P. formosimonticola ( Fig. 9D ), but irregularly rugose in P. okinawensis ( Fig. 12D ); LP /WP = 1.27–1.30 in P. formosimonticola ( Fig. 9E ), but 0.95–1.08 in P. okinawensis ( Fig. 12C ); median portion of propodeal declivity smooth and shining in P. formosimonticola ( Fig. 9E ), but weakly transversely rugososcabrous in P. okinawensis ( Fig. 12C ); apical lobe of aedeagus forming a large hooked apicolateral extension in P. formosimonticola ( Fig. 11D ), but forming a small hooked apicolateral extension in P. okinawensis ( Fig. 14D ).

This species is also very similar to P. pingtungensis in structure of hypopygium and genitalia, but easily distinguished from the latter by the following characters in the male (female unknown): head in dorsal view with intervals among foveae imbricate in P. formosimonticola ( Fig. 9A ), but smooth and shining in P. pingtungensis ( Fig. 15A ); median portion of propodeal declivity smooth and shining in P. formosimonticola ( Fig. 9E ), but transversely rugoso-scabrous in P. pingtungensis ( Fig. 15F ); LP /WP = 1.27–1.30 in P. formosimonticola ( Fig. 9E ), but 0.98–1.10 in P. pingtungensis ( Fig. 15F ). Morphological evidences (especially those in male genitalia) support the identity of P. formosimonticola as an independent species.

Distribution and habitat. This species has so far been collected exclusively in and nearby the type locality, i.e., Nantou County, the midland Taiwan ( Terayama 1996); sympatric to the morphologically similar species, P. okinawensis , in the midland Taiwan. This species has been collected from evergreen broadleaved forests (ca. 2,000 m).

Figures

FIGURE 6. Bayesian inference tree based on the 28S+CO1 sequence dataset. Bootstrap and posterior probability values are given beside the nodes. The tips are labeled with the specimen IDs. Amami, Amami-Oshima Island; Okinawa, Okinawa- Hontou Island; Ishigaki, Ishigaki-jima Island; N. Taiwan, northern Taiwan; M. Taiwan, midland of Taiwan; S. Taiwan, southern Taiwan.

FIGURE 7. Propristocera seediq sp. nov. A, B, D, E, holotype; C, F, G, paratype, specimen TN160725_10. A, head in dorsal view; B, right antenna; C, mandible; D, mesosoma in lateral view; E, mesosoma in dorsal view; F, forewing; G, hind wing. Scale = 0.5 mm

FIGURE 8. Propristocera seediq sp. nov., specimen TNT180706_05. A, hypopygium; B, C, genitalia in ventral view; D, left apicolateral extension of apical lobe of aedeagus in outer view. Scale = 0.2 mm

FIGURE 9. Propristocera formosimonticola, holotype.A, head in full-face view; B, antenna (right); C, mandible; D, mesosoma in lateral view; E, mesosoma in dorsal view; F, forewing. Scale = 0.5 mm

FIGURE 10. Propristocera formosimonticola, specimen TN190101_01. A, head in dorsal view; B, right antenna; C, mandible; D, mesosoma in lateral view; E, mesosoma in dorsal view; F, forewing; G, hind wing. Scale = 0.5 mm

FIGURE 11. Propristocera formosimonticola, specimen TN190101_02. A, hypopygium; B, C, genitalia in ventral view; D, left apical lobe in outer view. Scale = 0.2 mm

FIGURE 12. Propristocera okinawensis, holotype. A, head in full-face view; B, mandible; C, mesosoma in dorsal view; D, mesosoma in lateral view. Scale = 0.5 mm

FIGURE 14. Propristocera okinawensis, specimen TP170606_02. A, hypopygium; B, C, genitalia in ventral view; D, left apical lobe in outer view. Scale = 0.2 mm

FIGURE 15. Propristocera pingtungensis, holotype. A, head in dorsal view; B, antenna (left); C, mandible; D, mesosoma in lateral view; E, forewing; F, mesosoma in dorsal view. Scale = 0.5 mm.