Telothelepodidae Nogueira, Fitzhugh & Hutchings, 2013
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publication ID |
https://doi.org/ 10.5852/ejt.2021.782.1593 |
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publication LSID |
lsid:zoobank.org:pub:510DE23F-4CE5-4DDF-B1E7-CA8346AA4F5F |
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DOI |
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5784396 |
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persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A4A269-792D-6109-18B2-FEA98C98652D |
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treatment provided by |
Felipe |
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scientific name |
Telothelepodidae Nogueira, Fitzhugh & Hutchings, 2013 |
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Family Telothelepodidae Nogueira, Fitzhugh & Hutchings, 2013
Diagnosis (after Nogueira et al. 2018; Hutchings et al. 2021a, most important diagnostic characters highlighted in bold)
Transverse prostomium attached to dorsal surface of upper lip; basal part as thick crest, eyespots frequently present in one pair of dorso-lateral clusters, each with several rows of eyespots ( Fig. 3A View Fig ); distal part at base of upper lip, frequently with low or erect mid-dorsal tongue-like process, fused to upper lip at variable degrees, with free distal lobe(s), or free from the base. Buccal tentacles of two types, short ones thin, uniformly cylindrical, long tentacles stouter and expanded at tips, slightly spatulate ( Figs 3A–B, F View Fig , 4A View Fig ). Peristomium forming lips and continuing dorsally at least for short extension, with dorso-lateral nuchal organs at margin with prostomium; lips expanded, upper lip distinctly elongate and narrow, undulated to convoluted; swollen lower lip extending across ventrum, cushion-like or segment-like, frequently deeply grooved ( Figs 3A–B View Fig , 4A View Fig ). Either SG I or SG II reduced, not forming complete ring in many species. Anterior segments glandular ventrally, smooth, discrete shields absent and frequently with glandular regions poorly developed in comparison to other families of Terebellidae s.l.; mid-ventral groove frequently extending from anterior segments. Two pairs of cirriform branchiae on SG II–III, each pair with simple thin, curled and relatively short filaments progressively tapering to tips ( Figs 3A View Fig , 4A View Fig ), originating from raised crests on anterior margins of SG II and III, or from specialised, apparently glandular, dorso-lateral cushion-like pads occupying from anterior margins to level of posterior bases of notopodia of those segments. Notopodia beginning from SG II or III, usually SG III, extending for at least 15 segments; notopodia as short cones, notochaetae originating from central core on top, distal lobes absent; notochaetae winged, sometimes with bulbous head and alimbate tips (bayonet-like chaetae), at least in anterior row of anterior thoracic segments. Neuropodia beginning posteriorly to notopodia, usually around SG VIII–XII; neuropodia in conjunction with notopodia as sessile tori, as distinctly low pinnules after notopodia terminate; neurochaetae in single row, as avicular uncini about as long as high, with short triangular heel directed posteriorly, wide and slightly curved base, and dorsal button near midlength of uncini, but closer to anterior margin ( Fig. 4E View Fig ). Nephridial and genital papillae, if conspicuous, on SG V–VII, posterior to bases of notopodia.
Remarks
This recent family was described by Nogueira et al. (2013) after conducting a comprehensive phylogenetic analysis. The members of this family were previously considered as Thelepodidae but differ in having a narrow and elongate upper lip, poorly developed neuropodia and anterior segments less glandular ventrally than in other thelepodids. In European waters, this family is represented by a single species, Parathelepus collaris ( Figs 3A–B View Fig , 4A, E View Fig ; Table 1 View Table 1 ), characterised by an expanded, tongue-like upper lip, by neuropodia poorly developed and beginning from SG XI.
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