Eurythoe parvecarunculata Horst, 1912

Çinar, Melih Ertan, 2008, Description of a new fireworm, Eurythoe turcica sp. nov. (Polychaeta: Amphinomidae), from the Levantine coast of Turkey (eastern Mediterranean), with re-descriptions of Eurythoe parvecarunculata Horst and Amphinome djiboutiensis Gravier based on type material, Journal of Natural History 42 (29 - 30), pp. 1975-1990 : 1983-1987

publication ID	https://doi.org/10.1080/00222930802140194
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A4832A-FF81-FFD9-FE6F-18C3FDD91DCB
treatment provided by	Carolina (2021-03-09 12:29:59, last updated by Plazi 2023-11-01 23:36:25)
scientific name	Eurythoe parvecarunculata Horst, 1912
status

Treatment

Eurythoe parvecarunculata Horst, 1912 View in CoL

Eurythoe parvecarunculata Horst 1912: p.37 View in CoL , Plate X, Figures 1–5 View Figure 1 View Figure 2 View Figure 3 View Figure 4 View Figure 5 ; Fauvel 1953: p.85, Figure 38e–I; Day 1967: p.128, Figure 3.2 View Figure 3 i–l.

Material examined

Holotype, ZMA-V.Pol. 0309, Siboga Expedition, station 312, Indian Ocean, Saleh Bay, north coast of Sumbawa, 274 m depth.

Description

Holotype complete, 16 mm long, 1.4 mm wide, with 50 chaetigers ( Figure 6A View Figure 6 ). Body elongated, almost rectangular in cross-section; segments gradually becoming enlarged towards median region and then gradually shortened towards posterior end; dark brownish, without colour markings.

Prostomium subtriangular, divided into two parts with a deep groove. Anterior lobe free, not covered with chaetiger 1; posterior lobe partly covered with chaetiger 1 ( Figure 6B View Figure 6 ). Two palps emerging on ventrolateral sides of anterior lobe, longer than lateral antennae, digitiform. Two lateral and one median antennae; lateral antennae conical, located on dorsolateral sides of anterior lobe; median antennae emerging between pairs of eyes; extending back to chaetiger 4 ( Figure 6B View Figure 6 ). Two pairs of eyes, small, rounded, in almost rectangular arrangement, similar in size; posterior pair partly covered with chaetiger 1. Buccal opening occupying three chaetigers. Caruncle small, rounded; extending over chaetiger 1 ( Figure 6B View Figure 6 ). Peristomium reduced to lobed limbs.

All parapodia biramous with a dorsal and ventral cirrus. Cirri with distinct, irregular annulations; dorsal cirri slender tapering; ventral cirri digitiform; dorsal cirri longer than ventral one on all chaetigers. Ventral cirri emerging on ventral part of chaetal fascicles; dorsal cirri emerging on posterior part of chaetal fascicles; associated with chaetal lobes. All parapodia with blunt chaetal lobes; dorsal lobe larger, conical in anterior segments. Posterior segments with chaetal lobes reduced to small protuberances.

Branchiae present from chaetiger 3 to end of body, dendritically branched throughout, except last three chaetigers where branchiae with only one filament. Anterior branchiae well developed, with about 50 terminal filaments, reduced to one to three filaments on posterior chaetigers; filaments densely ciliated.

Four types of chaetae on parapodia of holotype; furcate chaetae ( Figure 6F View Figure 6 ), serrated capillary with a minute basal spur ( Figure 6G View Figure 6 ), serrated capillary with a long basal spur ( Figure 6D,F,H View Figure 6 ) and harpoon chaetae ( Figure 6I View Figure 6 ).

Notopodia of chaetiger 1 with seven furcate chaetae, 25 serrated capillaries with a minute basal spur and 12 serrated capillaries with a long basal spur. Long tine of furcate chaeta with fine spines on cutting edge, 63 mm long; short tine 10 mm long; Blade (distance between basal spur and tip) of serrated capillary with a long basal spur 300 mm long; spur 18 mm long. Blade of serrated capillaries with a minute basal spur 400 mm long ( Figure 6H View Figure 6 ). Majority of chaetae on neuropodia of chaetiger 1 broken, with six unbroken serrated capillaries with a minute basal spur. Aciculum not seen.

Harpoon chaetae present on notopodia after chaetiger 3. Furcate chaetae absent on notopodia after chaetiger 3.

Notopodia of chaetiger 7 with 16 harpoon chaetae, five serrated capillaries with a minute basal spur and 12 serrated capillaries with a long basal spur. Harpoon chaetae straight, with a pointed tip; with 11 coarse denticles along cutting edge ( Figure 6I View Figure 6 ). Blade of serrated capillaries with a long basal spur 563 mm long; spur 50 mm long ( Figure 6D View Figure 6 ). Blades of serrated capillaries with a minute basal spur 412 mm long ( Figure 6G View Figure 6 ). Aciculae numbering 3, extending beyond notopodial lobe, enlarged distally, with rounded tip ( Figure 6C View Figure 6 ). Neuropodia with 13 furcate chaetae and two serrated capillaries with a minute basal spur. Furcate chaeta with a long tine 44 mm long and a short tine 8 mm long. Four aciculae, resembling those on notopodia.

Serrated capillaries with a long basal spur present between chaetiger 1 and 23. After chaetiger 3, spur generally setting apart from main axis of chaeta ( Figure 6D,E View Figure 6 ), in contrast to that on chaetigers 1 and 3 where spur always setting close to main axis ( Figure 6H View Figure 6 ).

Notopodia of posterior parapodia (chaetiger 36) with 45 harpoon chaetae and 35 serrated capillaries with a minute basal spur. Blade of serrated capillaries 660 mm long. Neuropodia with seven furcate chaetae only; long tine 58 mm long, short tine 7 mm (broken); an undamaged furcate chaeta with long tine 60 mm long and short tine 27 mm long ( Figure 6F View Figure 6 ). Three aciculae per ramus.

Anal opening located terminally or slightly dorsally, occupying only one chaetiger. Pygidium with unpaired rounded anal papilla.

Amphinome djiboutiensis Gravier 1902

Amphinome djiboutiensis Gravier 1902: p.243 –248, Plate IX, Figures 137–139.

Material examined

Holotype, MNHN TYPE 147 , Red Sea , Djibouti, Gulf of Aden.

Description

Holotype complete 90 mm long, 9 mm wide, with 63 chaetigers. Body elongate, almost circular in cross-section, dark brownish, no colour markings ( Figure 7A View Figure 7 ).

Prostomium partly concealed by chaetiger 1; dorsally divided into two lobes by a deep groove; anterior lobe larger, subrectangular; posterior part subtriangular. Two lateral antennae digitiform, emerging on posterior dorsal side of anterior lobe. Median antenna missing (scar of antenna present between anterior eyes) ( Figure 7B View Figure 7 ). Palps emerging from lateral sides of anterior lobe of prostomium, digitiform, slightly longer than lateral antennae. Two pairs of eyes, in rectangular arrangement; anterior pair larger. Caruncle small, elongated, extending over chaetiger 1 ( Figure 7B View Figure 7 ).

Peristomium reduced. All parapodia biramous, with a dorsal and ventral cirrus. Ventral cirri longer and thicker than dorsal cirri between chaetiger 1 and 14 ( Figure 7B View Figure 7 ); ventral cirri (1.13 mm long) on chaetiger 1 almost twice as long as dorsal cirri (0.6 mm long). After chaetiger 14, dorsal cirri slightly longer and thinner than ventral cirri. Both cirri tapering with pointed tip on posterior parapodia. Cirri without annulations; dorsal cirri emerging on posterior side of notopodial chaetal fascicles; ventral cirri occurring on ventral side of neuropodial chaetal fascicles.

Branchiae present from chaetiger 3 to end of body, dendritically branched throughout; emerging posterior dorsolateral sides of segments; densely ciliated; with about 38 terminal filaments on chaetiger 4, 80 terminal filaments on chaetiger 7, 95 terminal filaments on chaetiger 31, and 30 terminal filaments on chaetiger 61.

Notopodia of chaetiger 1 with seven aciculae, 24 straight simple chaetae with weak distal spines and 10 capillary chaetae. Neuropodia with seven aciculae, 15 straight simple chaetae with a minute basal spur and nine serrated capillaries with a long basal spur. Spurred straight simple chaeta with blade (from spur to tip) 42.5– 92 mm long and spur 5–12.5 mm long; coarsely serrated on cutting margin of blade ( Figure 7C View Figure 7 ); blade of serrated capillaries with a long basal spur 263 mm long; spur 15 mm long ( Figure 7E View Figure 7 ); aciculum tapering, with rounded tip.

Notopodia of chaetiger 7 with a number of capillary chaetae, aciculae, straight simple chaetae with distal spines and 25 harpoon chaetae. Straight simple chaetae, with bent, pointed tip; coarse subdistal spines on cutting edge. Harpoon chaetae thin, straight, with weak denticulations on cutting edge. Neuropodia with a number of straight simple chaetae with distal spines, 14 aciculae, and five capillary chaetae.

Notopodia of posterior chaetiger (chaetiger 38) with a number of capillaries; a number of straight simple chaetae, with thin spines on subdistal part of cutting edge; with bent, pointed tip; 40 aciculae located on anterior side of parapodia, thinner than those on neuropodia, tapering, with rounded tip ( Figure 7F View Figure 7 ); and 20 harpoon chaetae ( Figure 7H View Figure 7 ). Neuropodia with 15 large aciculae located on anterior side of parapodia, tapering, with rounded tip ( Figure 7G View Figure 7 ); a number of straight simple chaetae with coarse spines on subdistal part of cutting edge; with bent, pointed tip ( Figure 7D View Figure 7 ).

Anal opening situated on dorsum of last three chaetigers. Pygidium with unpaired midventral anal papilla.

References

Day JH. 1967. A monograph on the Polychaeta of Southern Africa. Br Mus (Nat Hist) Pub Lond. 656: 878.

Fauvel P. 1953. The fauna of India including Pakistan, Ceylon, Burma and Malaya. Annelida, Polychaeta. Allahabad: The Indian Press Limited. 507 p.

Gravier C. 1902. Contribution a l'etude des annelides polychetes de la Mer Rouge. Nouv Arch Mus. 3 (4): 147 - 268.

Horst R. 1912. Polychaeta errantia of the Siboga Expedition. Part 1, Amphinomidae. Siboga Exp Utk zool bot oceanog geol Geb verz Neder Oost Indie 1899 - 1900 aan Boord HM Siboga ond Comm van Luit GF Tydeman. 24 (1 a): 1 - 43.

Figures

Figure 1. The map of the investigated area with the location of sampling sites marked.

Figure 2. Live specimens of Eurythoe turcica sp. nov. The specimens were found in holes of sunken wood at 50 m at station YDT3 in July 2007. The length of specimens is almost 6.5 mm.

Figure 3. Eurythoe turcica sp. nov. Holotype ESFM-POL/2007-35. (A) Anterior end, dorsal view, (B) posterior end, dorsal view, (C) chaetiger 2, anterior view, (D) branchia and dorsal cirrus, notopodium of chaetiger 7. Scale bars: (A,B) 1 mm, (C) 444 mm, (D) 533 mm.

Figure 4. Eurythoe turcica sp. nov. (A) Furcate chaeta, notopodium of chaetiger 2, holotype ESFM-POL/2007-35, (B) furcate chaeta, neuropodium of chaetiger 2, holotype, (C) furcate chaeta, neuropodium of chaetiger 31, holotype, (D) furcate chaetae, neuropodium of chaetiger 63, holotype, (E) furcate chaeta, neuropodium of chaetiger 2, paratype ESFM-POL/05-435, (F) serrated capillary chaeta with a minute spur, notopodium of chaetiger 7, holotype, (G) serrated capillary chaeta with a long basal spur, notopodium of chaetiger 1, paratype ESFM- POL/05-435, (H) aciculum, notopodium of chaetiger 2, holotype, (I) harpoon chaeta, notopodium of chaetiger 7, holotype, (J) harpoon chaeta, notopodium of chaetiger 63, holotype. Scale bars: (A) 50 mm, (B) 55 mm, (C,D) 50 mm, (E) 45 mm, (F) 155 mm, (G) 42 mm, (H) 45 mm, (I,J) 42mm.

Figure 5. Eurythoe turcica sp. nov. (A) Anterior end, dorsal view, holotype ESFM-POL/2007- 35, (B) anterior end, dorsolateral view, paratype ESFM-POL/2007-33, (C) anterior end, ventral view, holotype, (D) serrated capillary chaeta with a minute basal spur, notopodium of chaetiger 7, holotype, (E,F) harpoon chaetae, notopodium of chaetiger 35, paratype ESFM- POL/2007-33, (G) serrated capillary chaeta with a long basal spur, notopodium of chaetiger 1, paratype ESFM-POL/05-435, (H) aciculae, notopodium of chaetiger 2, holotype, (I) furcate chaeta, neuropodium of chaetiger 31, holotype, (J) furcate chaeta, neuropodium of chaetiger 1, paratype ESFM-POL/05-435. Scale bars (A) 1.4 mm, (B,C) 0.60 mm, (D) 27 mm, (E,F) 33mm, (H,J) 30 mm, (G) 26 mm, (I) 54 mm.

Figure 6. Eurythoe parvecarunculata Holotype (ZMA-V.Pol. 0309). (A) Entire body, lateral view, (B) anterior end, dorsal view, (C) aciculae, notopodium of chaetiger 7, (D) serrated capillary chaeta with a long spur, notopodium of chaetiger 7, (E) serrated capillary chaeta with a long spur, notopodium chaetiger 15, (F) furcate chaeta, neuropodium of chaetiger 36, (G) serrated capillary chaeta with a minute basal spur, notopodium of chaetiger 7; (H) serrated capillary chaeta with a long basal spur, notopodium of chaetiger 1; (I) harpoon chaeta, notopodium of chaetiger 7. Scale bars: (A) 0.5 mm, (B) 0.22 mm, (C) 11mm, (D) 21 mm, (E) 28 mm, (F) 14 mm, (G) 12 mm, (H) 6 mm, (I) 15 mm.

Figure 7. Amphinome djiboutiensis Holotype, MNHN TYPE 147. (A) Entire body, lateral view, (B) anterior end, dorsal view, (C) stout simple chaeta with a minute basal spur, notopodium of chaetiger 1, (D) stout simple chaeta, neuropodium of chaetiger 38, (E) serrated capillary chaeta with a long basal spur, notopodium of chaetiger 1, (F) aciculum, notopodium of chaetiger 38, (G) aciculae, neuropodium of chaetiger 38, (H) harpoon chaeta, notopodium of chaetiger 38. Scale bars: (A) 11 mm, (B) 2 mm, (C) 18 mm, (D) 34 mm, (E) 28 mm, (F) 26 mm, (G) 50 mm, (H) 22 mm.