Phialellidae, Russell, 1953

Calder, Dale R., Carlton, James T., Keith, Inti, Ashton, Gail V., Larson, Kristen, Ruiz, Gregory M., Herrera, Esteban & Golfin, Geiner, 2022, Biofouling hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from a Tropical Eastern Pacific island, with remarks on their biogeography, Journal of Natural History 56 (9 - 12), pp. 565-606 : 578-579

publication ID	https://doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2022.2068387
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012492
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A1BD34-FFD3-FFBB-89F9-FAD216FBFD41
treatment provided by	Plazi (2022-08-20 10:45:36, last updated 2024-11-27 14:29:45)
scientific name	Phialellidae
status

Treatment

Phialellidae View in CoL (undetermined)

( Figure 5a View Figure 5 )

Material examined

Wafer Bay , 5.54618, −87.06318, 2 colonies, on two barnacles, to 0.4 mm high, without gonothecae, coll GoogleMaps . I GoogleMaps . Keith , #240600 . – Chatham Bay , 5.55271, −87.03826, numerous hydrothecae, to 2 mm high, without gonothecae, coll GoogleMaps . I GoogleMaps . Keith , #240565 .

Remarks

Nothing morphologically similar to these hydroids has been reported before from the Tropical Eastern Pacific region. The closest to them is a specimen identified by Calder et al. (2021) as Opercularella sp. from La Libertad, Ecuador, but it differs in lacking a hydrothecal diaphragm and in having tapered rather than nearly cylindrical hydrothecae. Instead, they more closely resemble specimens identified as? Phialella quadrata ( Forbes, 1848) from the Seychelles by Millard and Bouillon (1973), and especially ‘ Phialellidae undetermined’ from Gardner Pinnacles in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands by Calder and Faucci (2021). While likely referable to either Opercularella Hincks, 1869 or Phialella Browne, 1902 , in the family Phialellidae , the generic identity of our Cocos material could not be reliably determined in the absence of gonophores. These genera are distinguished largely on characters of the gonosome, with species of Opercularella said to have fixed sporosacs and Phialella a medusa stage ( Bouillon et al. 2006). As with the hydroid from Hawaii, specimens examined here have been identified simply as Phialellidae (undetermined).

Reported distribution

Cocos Island: first record.

Elsewhere: possibly from Gardner Pinnacles in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands ( Calder and Faucci 2021) .

References

Bouillon J, Gravili C, Pages F, Gili J-M, Boero F. 2006. An introduction to Hydrozoa. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle. 194: 1 - 591.

Browne ET. 1902. A preliminary report on hydromedusae from the Falkland Islands. Ann Mag Nat Hist Ser. 7 (9): 272 - 284. doi: 10.1080 / 00222930208678586

Calder DR, Faucci A. 2021. Shallow water hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from the 2002 NOWRAMP cruise to the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands. Zootaxa. 5085: 1 - 73.

Forbes E. 1848. A monograph of the British naked-eyed medusae: with figures of all the species. London: Ray Society. doi: 10.5962 / bhl. title. 54122

Hincks T. 1869. A history of the British hydroid zoophytes. London: John van Voorst. [Dating of this two-volume work follows Williams (2018), who presented evidence that it was published in March 1869 and not 1868 as per the title-pages].

Millard NAH, Bouillon J. 1973. Hydroids from the Seychelles (Coelenterata). Annales du Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, serie In- 8 ° Sciences Zoologiques. 206: 1 - 106.

Figures

Figure 5. Leptothecata: Phialellidae, Cirrholovenia, Clytiidae. (a) Phialellidae (undetermined): three hydrothecae and pedicels, #240565. (b) Cirrholovenia tetranema: two hydrothecae and stolons, and a nematotheca, #240629. (c) Clytia brevithecata: hydrotheca and distal end of pedicel, #240600. (d) Clytia brevithecata: proximal end of pedicel and stolon, #240600. (e) Clytia linearis: hydrotheca and distal end of pedicel, #307693. (f) Clytia linearis: gonotheca, #307693. (g) Clytia obliqua: hydrotheca and distal end of pedicel, #240629.(h) Clytia obliqua: hydrotheca and distal end of pedicel,#253541. (i) Clytia obliqua: gonotheca, #253541. (j) Clytia obliqua: gonotheca, #240629. Scale bars: a, c–j = 0.1 mm; b = 0.05 mm.