Ramila Moore, 1867

Chen, Fu-Qiang & Wu, Chun-Sheng, 2014, Taxonomic review of the subfamily Schoenobiinae (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea: Crambidae) from China, Zoological Systematics 39 (2), pp. 163-208 : 192-194

3.7 Ramila Moore, 1867 ( Figs 7 , 92–97 , 106–107 )

Ramila Moore, 1867 . Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1867: 667; Wang, 1980. Economic Insect Fauna of China, 21: 55. Type species: Ramila marginella Moore, 1867 , by monotypy.

Crambostenia Warren, 1890 . Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1890: 292. Type species: Margaronia acciusalis Walker, 1859 , by original designation.

Diagnosis. The genus is distinguished from other genera by porrect and peltate frons, vein R 2 stalked with R 3+4+5 on forewing.

Description. Head with frons extending forwardly, as long as labial palpi; antennae filiform; labial palpi porrect; maxillary palpi as long as labial palpi; body strong, female with anal tuft poorly developed.

Wings ( Fig. 7 ). Forewing with costa straight, apex pointed, outer margin oblique; Sc and R 1 anastomosed to the end; R 3+4 and R 5 stalked, and both stalked with R 2; M 1 arising near upper angle of cell; M 2 and M 3 from lower angle of cell; Cu 1 arising near and Cu 2 before lower angle of cell. Hindwing with apex blunt, outer margin oblique; Sc+R 1 and Rs stalked mostly, and both stalked with M 1 at base; M 2 and M 3 from lower angle of cell; Cu 1 arising near and Cu 2 before lower angle of cell.

Male genitalia. Uncus elongated, apex pointed or round; gnathos thinner than uncus, beak-like, apex with teeth dorsally; tegumen with sclerotized dorsal ridge more or less X-shaped; subteguminal process round or pointed; valva broad, apex truncated or oblique, suffused with long setae; juxta elongated, widened from base to apex, apex curved medially; saccus round; coremata usually present; aedeagus strong, usually with one to two spinose areas and one to two sclerotized plates, manica membranous, with minute spinules; ductus ejaculatorius arising from middle of aedeagus.

Female genitalia. Anal papillae slender, covered with long setae; apophyses anterioris and posterioris short, as long as anal papillae; ostium bursae broad, a sclerotized plate present inside; ductus bursae membranous, much longer than corpus bursae; corpus bursae membranous, signum a spinose area or a sclerotized spine.

Distribution. Oriental Region.

Remarks. Ramila is restricted to the Oriental Region, extending as far east as the Philippines. The genus comprises more than ten species (Robinson, Tuck & Shaffer, 1994). Four species are reported in China here, including one new species.

Key to species of Ramila in China

1. Small size, wing span less than 20 mm; male with a blunt sclerotized plate apically and a spinose area in aedeagus ........................... ............................................................................................................................................................................... R. minima sp. nov. Medium size, wing span larger than 20 mm; male with one or two pointed sclerotized plates apically and two spinose areas in aedeagus............................................................................................................................................................................................... 2

2. Forewing with costa orange. In male genitalia, both uncus and valva with apex round; subteguminal process pointed. In female genitalia, corpus bursae with a spinose area...................................................................................................................... R. acciusalis Forewing with costa fulvous or fuscous. In male genitalia, both uncus and valva with apex pointed; subteguminal process round. In female genitalia, corpus bursae with a sclerotized spine-like signum ( R. marginella )......................................................................... 3

3. Forewing with fasciae distinct.......................................................................................................................................... R. marginella Forewing with fasciae obsolescent........................................................................................................................ R. angustifimbrialis

Figures

Figs 7–12. Venations. 7. Ramila. 8. Archischoenobius. 9. Acropentias. 10. Leechia. 11. Brihaspa. 12. Promacrochilo.

Figs 87–94. Adults. 87. Niphadoses dengcaolites, male. 88. N. dengcaolites, female. 89. Patissa fulvosparsa. 90. P. minima. 91. Patissa tenuousa. 92. Ramila marginella. 93. R. acciusalis. 94. R. minima sp.nov.

Figs 95–101. Male genitalia. a. Aedeagus. 95. Ramila marginella. 96. R. acciusalis. 97. R. minima sp.nov. 98. Archischoenobius pallidalis. 99. A. nigrolepis. 100. A. nanlingensis. 101. A. minumus. Scale bars =1 mm.

Figs 102–107. Female genitalia. 102. Niphadoses dengcaolites. 103. Patissa fulvosparsa. 104. P. minima. 105. P. tenuousa. 106. Ramila marginella. 107. R. acciusalis. Scale bars=1mm.