Cracenpsaltria, Sanborn, 2016

Sanborn, Allen F., 2016, Generic redescription, two new species, and a key to the species of the cicada genus Ariasa Distant, 1905 with the description of a new genus (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Cicadinae: Fidicinini), Zootaxa 4137 (4), pp. 501-519 : 514-516

Genus Cracenpsaltria n. gen.

( Fig. 3 )

Type species. Cicada marginata Olivier 1790: 755 ( Surinam) .

Etymology. The genus name is a combination of cracens (L. slender, graceful) and psaltria (L. musician) in reference to the slender appearance of the genus in comparison to other members of the Fidicinini . The genus is feminine.

Species included. The genus is represented currently only by the type species C. brasiliorum ( Kirkaldy, 1909) rev. stat., n. comb.

Description. Medium sized species (body length 26–35 mm). Head wider than mesonotum, eyes protruding beyond anterior pronotum, vertex at area of ocelli about the same length as front, postclypeus globose, centrally sulcate, rounded anteriorly, rostrum reaching the hind trochanters. Pronotum shorter than mesonotum, trapezoidal with anterior margin narrower than lateral margins of pronotal collar, lateral angles of pronotal collar expanded, lateral part of pronotal collar smoothly curved, metanotum extends laterally beyond wing groove, cruciform elevation smoothly arched posteriorly. Fore wings and hind wings hyaline, with eight and six apical cells, respectively, radial and radiomedial crossveins almost parallel, obliquely oriented to radius posterior and median veins respectively and without infuscation. Basal cell longer than broad, infuscated in anterior half. Basal area of hind wing costal cell infuscated. Fore femora with oblique primary spine that may be adpressed against femur, upright secondary spine, and very small tertiary spine, tarsi three-segmented. Male operculum triangular not covering the tympanal cavity completely posterolaterally, reaching to sternite II, opercula well separated along midline, meracanthus tapering to a point, almost reaching posterior margin of operculum. Female operculum and meracantus of similar shape to male, opercula smaller extending medially only to lateral base of meracanthus which extends beyond posterior margin of operculum. Abdomen longer than the distance between apex of head and posterior of cruciform elevation. Abdominal segments with parallel sides to tergite 4 where the abdomen begins narrowing posteriorly to the genitalia, epipleurites folded toward dorsal surface producing a channel on the lateral margins of the abdomen. Female sternite VII with sinuate posterior margin and medial notch. Timbal cover incomplete, with rounded anterior apex, concealing only the lateral aspect of the timbal, timbal cover with concave anteromedial margin smoothly curving towards rounded apex above lateral timbal, ventral margin slightly curved ventrad, timbals extend below wing bases. Pygofer distal shoulder angled, dorsal beak absent, pygofer basal lobe indistinct, pygofer upper lobe large, pointed, adpressed to pygofer, median uncus lobe indistinct, lateral uncus lobes meeting along midline posterior to median uncus and restraining aedeagus, elongated and recurved, widening in distal third before angling to a pointed terminus , aedeagus tubular. Female abdominal segment 9 with dorsal beak well defined and sinuate posterior margin, ovipositor sheath barely extends beyond dorsal beak.

Measurements (MM). Length of body: 24.5–34; length of fore wing: 32–42; width of fore wing: 10–13; length of head: 3.7–5; width of head including eyes: 9.5–11; width of pronotum including suprahumeral plates: 10–17; width of mesonotum: 8–10.

Diagnosis. The only species in this genus was classified last within the Ariasa but it has significantly different genitalia and a thinner appearance than the species of Ariasa . The contrasting coloration pattern of the type species is also different from Ariasa species. This becomes the 14 th genus in the subtribe Guyalnina.

Within the Fidicinini , Cracenpsaltria n. gen. can be distinguished from Fidicina Amyot & Audinet-Serville, 1843 , Fidicinoides Boulard & Martinelli, 1996 , and Berglana Boulard & Martinelli, 1996 (the Fidicinina) by the presence of three-part tarsi. The bright green basal area of the fore wings and bright red on the basal area of the hind wings of Hemisciera Amyot & Audinet-Serville, 1843 simply distinguish it from all other Fidicinini . Beameria Davis, 1934 can be distinguished by its adpressed pronotal margins, non-parallel radial and radiomedial crossveins, relatively small eyes, small anterolaterally extended timbal covers, and the sternite separating the male opercula. Majeorona Distant, 1905 differs from the new genus by its head width being wider than the mesonotum, with the prominent eyes stylate and extended anteriorly. The genera Proarna Stål, 1864 , Prasinosoma Torres, 1963 , Tympanoterpes Stål, 1861 , can be distinguished by their head that is about as wide as the mesonotum with the eyes barely or not extending beyond the anterior angle of the pronotum, radial crossvein vertically oriented to the radius anterior 2 and radius posterior veins with a radiomedial crossvein that is obliquely oriented, large semicircular male opercula, and triangular or small, curved timbal covers. The single species of Elassoneura Torres, 1964 shares most of the characters in the three previous genera but the head is wider than the mesonotum and there is significant infuscation along the majority of the fore wing venation. The single species of the genus Pompanonia Boulard, 1982 can be distinguished by possessing a head that is wider than the mesonotum, the radial crossvein vertically oriented to the radius anterior 2 and radius posterior veins with a radiomedial crossvein that is obliquely oriented, semicircular male opercula, triangular timbal covers, and the very wide base of the abdomen with conspicuous timbals. Members of Guyalna Boulard & Martinelli, 1996 can be distinguished from the new genus by a head being as wide or slightly wider than the mesonotum, eyes that only protrude slightly beyond the anterior angles of the pronotum, parallel sides of the abdomen, and the median uncus lobes are bent forming a horse-shoe shape when viewed from the posterior. Species of Dorisiana Metcalf, 1952 can be distinguished by a head being as wide or wider than the mesonotum with the eyes not extending beyond the lateral edges of the pronotum, triangular timbal covers, ventral margin of the timbal cover angled dorsally not parallel to the long body axis, and the median uncus lobes are bent. Species of Pacarina Distant, 1905 can be distinguished by the nonparallel radial and radiomedial crossveins, the vertex at the ocelli being much longer than the front, and the triangular timbal covers that cover the majority of the timbal. Similary, the members of the genus Ollanta Distant, 1905 can be distinguished by the lobate lateral angles of the pronotal collar, the non-parallel radial and radiomedial crossveins, and triangular timbal covers that conceal the majority of the timbal. The new genus shares many characteristics with Ariasa but the genitalia are significantly different lacking the posteriorly extending median uncus lobes and possessing separate, long recurved lateral uncus lobes, the pygofer distal shoulder is angled not curved, the abdominal segments do not expand laterally, and the length of the abdomen is greater than the distance between the apex of the head and posterior cruciform elevation.

Distribution. Specimens of the type species have been reported from Brazil, Surinam, South America ( Metcalf 1963; Sanborn 2013) and French Guiana ( Sanborn 2011a). The genus is also recorded for the first time below from Bolivia and Peru.

Figures

FIGURE 3. Cracenpsaltria brasiliorum (Kirkaldy, 1909) rev. stat., n. comb.: A, male (Bolivia) and female (Brazil) habitus; B, male dorsum; C, male timbal cover; D, male operculum. E, female operculum; F, male lateral view of genitalia; G, male posterior view of genitalia; H, female lateral view of genitalia; I, female ventral view of genitalia. Scale bar: A, 2 cm; B, 5 mm; C – E, 2 mm; F – G, 1 mm; H – I, 2 mm.