Bombus (Melanobombus) pyrosoma Morawitz

An, Jiandong, Huang, Jiaxing, Shao, Youquan, Zhang, Shiwen, Wang, Biao, Liu, Xinyu, Wu, Jie & Williams, Paul H., 2014, The bumblebees of North China (Apidae, Bombus Latreille), Zootaxa 3830 (1), pp. 1-89 : 71-72

72. Bombus (Melanobombus) pyrosoma Morawitz

( Figs 146, 147 )

Bombus pyrosoma Morawitz, 1890:349 .

Bombus pyrrhosoma Dalla Torre, 1896:544 , unjustified emendation.

Bombus rufus Friese, 1905:511 (not of Villers, 1789:328 = B. pascuorum (Scopoli)) . Pyrobombus (Lapidariobombus) wutaishanensis Tkalců, 1968:39 .

Material examined. 21 queens, 4088 workers, 380 males (IAB).

Distribution in North China. Widely distributed within the zone between the Neimenggu, the Qinghai- Tibetan plateau, and the Qinling mountains. Abundant at low to medium elevations of the Yanshan mountains in Beijing and Heibai, at medium elevations of the Bashang plateau between northern Hebei and southern Neimenggu, at medium elevations of the Taihangshan mountains in Shanxi, at mediuma elevations of the Liupanshan mountains in southern Ningxia, at mediuma elevations of the loess plateau in eastern Gansu and western Shaanxi, at mediuma elevations of the west Qinling mountains in Gansu, and at medium to high elevations of the east Qinghai-Tibetan plateau meadows in Gansu. Common at medium elevations of the Helanshan mountains in northern Ningxia, at medium elevations of the Huanggangliang forest park of the southernmost of the Great Khingan mountains in Neimenggu, at medium elevations of the Lvliangshan mountains in western Shanxi, and at medium elevations of the Qinling mountains in Shaanxi. Rare at medium to high elevations of the northwest Qilianshan mountains in Gansu, and at the medium elevations of the edge of the Mu Us semi-desert in northern Shaanxi and northern Ningixa. 325 localities ( Fig. 146 ) between 159–4011 m (IAB).

Similar species in North China. This species is often similar in its white-banded colour pattern to B. validus (see the key; Figs 137 , 147 ).

Distribution in China. Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shanxi, Neimenggu, Liaoning, Henan, Hubei, Chongqing, Sichuan, Shaanxi, Gansu, Qinghai, Ningxia (IAB).

Forage plants. ALLIACEAE : Allium chrysanthum , A. ramosum , A. przewalskianum ; AMARANTHACEAE : Amaranthus retroflexus , ARALIACEAE : Fatsia japonica ; ASTERACEAE : Anaphalis sinica , Arctium lappa , Artemisia palustris , Aster tataricus , Calendula officinalis , Callistephus chinensis , Carduus acanthoides , Centaurea cyanus , Cirsium leo , C. monocephalum , C. pendulum , C. setosum , C. shansiense , Cosmos bipinnatus , Dahlia pinnata , Echinops sphaerocephalus , Helianthus annuus , Heteropappus altaicus , Ixeridium sonchifolium , Leontopodium longifolium , Ligularia intermedia , L. przewalskii , Ligularia sp., Rudbeckia hirta , Saussurea pulchella , S. purpurascens , S. stella , Saussurea sp., Senecio jacobaea , S. nemorensis , Senecio sp., Sinacalia tangutica , Solidago canadensis ; Stemmacantha uniflora , Tagetes patula , Zinnia peruviana ; BEGONIACEAE : Begonia grandis ; BRASSICACEAE : Erysimum amurense ; BUDDLEJACEAE : Buddleja officinalis ; CAMPANULACEAE : Adenophora divaricata , Adenophora sp.; CLUSIACEAE : Hypericum ascyron , H. perforatum ; COMMELINACEAE : Commelina communis ; CONVOLVULACEAE : Calystegia hederacea , Cuscuta japonica , Ipomoea nil , I. purpurea ; CRASSULACEAE : Phedimus aizoon ; CUCURBITACEAE : Thladiantha dubia ; DIPSACACEAE : Dipsacus japonicus , Scabiosa comosa ; FABACEAE : Albizia julibrissin , Astragalus adsurgens , A. bhotanensis , A. complanatus , A. dahuricus , Astragalus sp., Campylotropis macrocarpa , Coronilla varia , Hedysarum mongolicum , H. multijugum , Lathyrus pratensis , Lespedeza bicolor , L. floribunda , L. juncea , Medicago ruthenica , M. sativa , Melilotus albus , M. officinalis , Onobrychis viciifolia , Oxytropis caerulea , O. ochrocephala , Trifolium pratense , T. repens , Vicia amoena , V. cracca , V. pseudorobus , V. unijuga , Wisteria villosa ; GENTIANACEAE : Halenia elliptica , Gentiana dahurica ; GERANIACEAE : Geranium pratense , G. sibiricum , G. wilfordi ; HYDRANGEACEAE : Hydrangea macrophylla ; LAMIACEAE : Agastache rugosa , Caryopteris divaricata , C. incana , C. tangutica , Dracocephalum heterophyllum , Elsholtzia densa , E. stauntoni , Isodon japonicus , Lamium album , L. barbatum , Leonurus japonicus , L. sibiricus , Dracocephalum moldavica , Mentha canadensis , Nepeta cataria , N. prattii , Phlomis umbrosa , Phlomis sp., Salvia farinacea , S. deserta , S. przewalskii , S. roborowskii , Salvia sp., Stachys chinensis , Thymus mongolicus , Vitex negundo ; LILIACEAE : Lilium brownii ; MALVACEAE : Abutilon theophrasti , Alcea rosea , Hibiscus syriacus , Malva cathayensis ; NYCTAGINACEAE : Mirabilis jalapa ; ONAGRACEAE : Chamerion angustifolium , Oenothera biennis ; PAPAVERACEAE : Corydalis sp.; POLYGONACEAE : Fagopyrum gracilipes , Polygonum bistorta , P. lapathifolium ? P. nepalense ; RANUNCULACEAE : Aconitum gymnandrum , A. kusnezoffii , Aconitum sp., Anemone tomentosa , Clematis aethusifolia , C. akebioides , C. brevicaudata , C. glauca , C. tangutica , Trollius chinensis ; ROSACEAE : Agrimonia pilosa , Duchesnea indica , Cerasus campanulata , Amygdalus davidiana , A. persica , Cerasus tomentosa , Potentilla chinensis , P. multicaulis , Potentilla sp., Rubus crataegifolius ; SALICACEAE : Salix caprea ; SCROPHULARIACEAE : Linaria vulgaris , Pedicularis chinensis , P. spicata , P. t o r t a, Pedicularis sp., Veronicastrum sibiricum ; SOLANACEAE : Petunia hybrida , Solanum japonense ; THYMELAEACEAE : Wikstroemia chamaedaphne .

Figures

FIGURES 146 – 147. 146. Map showing the distributions of B. pyrosoma in North China with record in black spots, the province boundaries in dark grey, and all sites with records of all bumblebee species in light grey. 147. Bombus (Melanobombus) pyrosoma worker visiting Vicia unijuga (Fabaceae) in Beijing.

FIGURES 136 – 137. 136. Map showing the distribution of B. validus in North China with records as black spots, the province boundaries in dark grey, and all sites with records of all bumblebee species in light grey. 137. B. validus worker visiting Ligularia sp. (Asteraceae) in Gansu.