Neoanchisquilla Moosa, 1991

Ahyong, Shane T., 1998, Review of Neoanchisquilla Moosa, 1991 and Neclorida Manning, 1995 (Crustacea: Stomatopoda: Squilloidea), with descriptions of two new species of Neoanchisquilla from the Indian Ocean, Records of the Australian Museum 50 (2), pp. 217-229 : 218-219

Neoanchisquilla Moosa, 1991

Diagnosis. Eye with cornea bilobed; cornea broader than and set obliquely on stalk, width less than 1I3CL. Ophthalmic somite with rounded anterior margin. Al somite not extending anteriorly beyond rostral plate. Carapace anterolateral angles armed; MD and IM carinae absent; LT carinaindistinct, indicated posteriorly only; with indistinct reflected MG carina. Raptorial claw dactylus with more than 6 teeth; carpus dorsal carina undivided; merus outer inferodistal angle unarmed. Mandibular palp 3-segmented. MXPI-4 each with epipod. TS5-7 lateral processes single. TS5-8 and AS 1-5 each lacking SM carinae. Telson SM teeth with movable apices; prelateral lobe present; dorsolateral surface with numerous supplementary longitudinal carinae or rows of tubercles. Uropodal protopod innermargin armed with slender spines.

Description. Total length of adults less than 100 mm. Dorsal integument smooth. Eye with cornea bilobed; cornea broader than and set obliquely on stalk, width less than 1I3CL. Ophthalmic somite withrounded anterior margin. Ocular scales broad, subtruncate, rounded laterally; separate. Al somite not extending anteriorly beyond rostral plate; dorsal processes produced to a slender spine, apices directed anterolaterally. A2 scale slender; entire margin setose. Rostral plate lacking dorsal carinae. Carapace anterolateral angles armed; lacking dorsal carinae except for indistinct LT and reflected MG carinae indicated posteriorly; lacking posterior median projection. Raptorial claw dactylus with more than 6 teeth, outer margin broadly curved; proximal margin with distinct basal notch and blunt lobe proximally; carpus dorsal carina undivided; merus outer inferodistal angle unarmed; propodus opposable margin pectinate, with 3 movable spines proximally, distal margin lacking stout tooth; merus outer inferodistal angle unarmed; basis lacking ventrally directed mesial spine. Mandibular palp 3-segmented. MXPI-4 each with epipod. MXP5 basal segment lacking ventrally directed spine. Pereiopods 1- 3 basal segment unarmed; endopod segments fused, slender, entire margin setose. TS6-8 each with IM carinae, lacking SM carinae. TS5 lateral process a single, short spine, directed anterolaterally, inclined ventrally; ventral spine slender, directed ventrally. TS6- 7 lateral processes single. TS8 anterolateral margin obtusely rounded. ASI-5 each lacking SM carinae; with distinct IM, LT and MG carinae. AS 6 with SM, IM and LT carinae; sternum posterior margin unarmed. Telson broader than long, flattened, trianguloid, with 3 pairs of primary marginal teeth (SM, IM, LT), each with dorsal carina; SM teeth with minute movable apices; prelateral lobe present; SM, IM and LT denticles spiniform, lacking dorsal tubercle; MD carina low, interrupted proximally, armed posteriorly with apical spine overhanging blunt tubercle; dorsolateral surface with numerous supplementary longitudinal carinae or tubercles. Telson ventral surface with long postanal carina; ventrolateral carina extending posteriorly to base of lateral tooth. Uropodal protopod terminating in 2 slender spines, inner longer; dorsally and ventrally carinate; unarmed dorsally excepting dorsal spine above proximal exopod articulation; protopod inner margin armed with slender spines; with rounded, flattened ventral lobe anterior to endopod articulation. Uropodal exopod proximal segment unarmed dorsally; exopod distal segment ovate, elongate. Uropodal exopod proximal segment with inner margin lacking prominent, rounded distal lobe; outer margin with graded movable spines; distal margin with slender ventral spine. Uropodal exopod proximal segment unarmed dorsally; endopod unarmed dorsally, entire margin setose.

Included species. Neoanchisquilla australiensis n.sp., N. semblatae Moosa, 1991 and N. tuberculata n.sp.

Remarks. Both cladistic analyses, including and excluding uninformative characters, found a single, identical tree ( Fig. 1 ) supporting monophyly of Neoanchisquilla . The only synapomorphy of Neoanchisquilla identified here is the rounded anterior margin of the ophthalmic somite (1[1]). Neoanchisquilla , however, also differs from Anchisquilla in bearing indistinct lateral carinae on the carapace, there are more than six teeth on the dactylus of the raptorial claw, the proximal margin of the dactylus is distinctly notched and the SM teeth of the telson bear movable apices. Most of these characters distinguishing Neoanchisquilla from Anchisquilla are plesiomorphies (4[1], 9[0], 12[0]).

Phylogenetic relationships within Neoanchisquilla correlate with known geographical distributions. Hence, the two Indian Ocean species, N. australiensis and N. tuberculata , are more closely related to each other than either is to N. semblatae from the western Pacific. In contrast,AnchisquillaJasciata, occurs throughout the Indo­ West Pacific ( Manning, 1995). Future sampling, nevertheless, may show vastly different distribution patterns for species of Neoanchisquilla which are presently known only from type material.

Figures

Figure 1. Single most parsimonious cladogram of Neoanchisquilla using all 17 characters (length 23, ci 0.87, hi 0.13, ri 0.75). Excluding uninformative characters produced an identical tree of length 15 steps, ci 0.80, hi 0.20 and ri 0.75. EIO, Eastern Indian Ocean; IWP, lndo-West Pacific; WIO, Western Indian Ocean; WP, Western Pacific. Outgroups: Levisquilla minor, L. jurichi. Ingroup: Anchisquilla jasciata, N. australiensis, N. semblatae, N. tuberculata. Apomorphic characters and states (parentheses) are indicated on each branch of the ingroup.