Glyptapanteles arcanus Fagan-Jeffries, Bird & Austin, 2022

Fagan-Jeffries, Erinn P., McCLELLAND, Alana R., Bird, Andrew J., Giannotta, Madalene M., Bradford, Tessa M. & Austin, Andrew D., 2022, Systematic revision of the parasitoid wasp genus Glyptapanteles Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Microgastrinae) for Australia results in a ten-fold increase in species, European Journal of Taxonomy 792 (1), pp. 1-116 : 25-28

Glyptapanteles arcanus Fagan-Jeffries, Bird & Austin sp. nov.

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Fig. 19

Diagnosis

Glyptapanteles arcanus sp. nov. is in the G. arcanus species group and can be separated from the other members of the species group (other than from G. vergrandiacus sp. nov.) by the propodeum with having coarser sculpturing than all but G. lambkinae sp. nov. and G. erucadesolator sp. nov. and with the T1 less strongly sculptured than in G. lambkinae sp. nov. and G. erucadesolator sp. nov. It is noted, however, that all these species (along with G. goodwinnoakes sp. nov., which has T1 smooth) are morphologically very similar and identifications should be made by comparison of DNA barcodes. There was not a morphological character found to easily differentiate G. arcanus sp. nov. from G. vergrandiacus sp. nov., which are sister lineages in the current phylogeny ( Fig. 2 ), but these two species differ in the wingless barcode by a single base pair and can also be separated by the COI barcodes, which have a>3% divergence.

Etymology

The species epithet ‘ arcanus ’ is a Latin adjective meaning ‘mysterious’ and refers to the cryptic nature of this species’ morphology, which has few distinctive features.

Material examined

Holotype AUSTRALIA • ♀; Queensland, Lamington National Park ; -28.207, 153.137; 560 m a.s.l.; 9–19 Mar. 2007; C. Lambkin and N. Starick leg.; IBISCA Plot # IQ-500-A rainforest Malaise trap, bulk vial 22028; Extraction1462, BOLD: AUGLY082-21; QM T250938 .

Paratype AUSTRALIA • 1 ♀; Queensland, Lamington National Park ; -28.155, 153.139; 282 m a.s.l.; 13–23 Jan. 2007; C. Lambkin and N. Starick leg.; IBISCA Plot # IQ-300-B rainforest Malaise trap; Extraction641, BOLD: AUMIC423-18; QM T208391 .

Description

Female

COLOURATION. Gena without a pale spot; labrum reddish-brown; scape colour in ventral half uniformly paler than flagellomeres; flagellomeres all black/dark brown; tegula light brown; wing veins uniformly reddish-brown; anteromesoscutum dark; scutellar disk and metanotum dark with red tinge; propodeum dark; fore coxa dark; mid coxa dark; hind coxa dark; fore femur pale yellow; mid femur light brown; hind femur dark reddish-brown or orange to light brown; fore tibia pale yellow; mid tibia pale yellow; hind tibia darkening posteriorly; hind basitarsus light brown; T1 dark; T2 sclerotised area dark reddishbrown, dark area extending past indentation to non-sclerotised area, but T2 lateral area then pale; T3 mostly dark with paler lateral areas; T4+ reddish-brown.

HOLOTYPE BODY MEASUREMENTS. Body length 2.3 mm; fore wing length 2.3 mm; antennal length similar to body length.

HEAD. Antennal flagellomere 14 length/width 1.75–2.16; antennal flagellomere 2 length/width 3.57– 3.71; OOD/POD 1.86–2.17; IOD/POD 1.14–1.50.

MESOSOMA. Anteromesoscutum sculpturing with shallow to deep punctures, space between punctures a mixture of smaller than diameter of punctures and of similar size, often smoother in posterior centre; scutellar disk sculpturing with shallow punctures scattered over most of area; 8–9 pits in scutellar sulcus. Propodeum with median carina absent, propodeum coarsely rugose.

WINGS. Pterostigma length 0.59 mm; pterostigma width 0.12 mm; r 0.17 mm; 2RS 0.12 mm; 2m 0.1 mm; (RS+M)b 0.08 mm.

METASOMA. T1 lateral edges parallel for anterior ½ to ⅔ of length, then narrowing posteriorly or broadest at centre of length, narrowing both posteriorly and anteriorly from mid-point; T1 smooth and shiny, some shallow scattered punctures on lateral edges and posterior half or indistinct sculpturing for most of length; T1 length 0.44 mm; T1 width at posterior edge 0.1 mm; T2 an isosceles trapezoid, lateral edges straight; T2 smooth and shiny; T2 length 0.12 mm; T2 width at posterior edge 0.28 mm; ovipositor slightly protruding from end of metasoma.

Male

Unknown.

Remarks

The wingless barcode for this species is shared with G. doreyi sp. nov. (one haplotype, as there are two wingless haplotypes present within G. doreyi sp. nov.) and G. goodwinnoakes sp. nov. and differs by 1 bp from the barcodes of G. vergrandiacus sp. nov., G. doreyi sp. nov. (second haplotype), and G. lessardi sp. nov. This group of species are very closely related and would benefit from future, more detailed taxonomic work to ensure that they are not simply divergent populations of the same species. For this species hypothesis, we have made the decision to split it into different species based on the COI barcode sequences being>3% divergent; however, we note that this is a hypothesis and is open to change with future work.

Glyptapanteles arcanus sp. nov. constitutes BIN BOLD:ADL5262 and is 3.67% (p-dist.) divergent from the closet BIN in the database (BOLD:ADL3012; Glyptapanteles vergrandiacus sp. nov.).

Using the BOLD Batch ID engine, the COI sequence of the holotype is 3.5% different from the most similar COI sequence from an Australian specimen (AUGLY102-21; Glyptapanteles vergrandiacus sp. nov.).

Distribution

This species is known only from Lamington National Park in southern QLD.

Figures

Fig. 19. Glyptapanteles arcanus Fagan-Jeffries, Bird & Austin sp. nov., paratype, ♀ (QM T208391). A. Lateral habitus. B. Lateral head. C. Dorsal head. D. Anterior head. E. Dorsal habitus. F. Fore wing.

Fig. 2. Maximum likelihood phylogeny constructed using IQ-TREE ver. 1.6.12 of a concatenated COI and wingless alignment including Glyptapanteles Ashmead, 1904 from Australia, Papua New Guinea and Fiji, with specimens of Cotesia Cameron, 1891 from Australia included for contextual placement of the genus. Branch support values are given as SH-aLRT support (%) / ultrafast bootstrap support (%), with symbols representing value ranges as follows: * = 96–100; • = 91–95; ^ = 85–90; - = <85.