Glyptapanteles Ashmead, 1904

Fagan-Jeffries, Erinn P., McCLELLAND, Alana R., Bird, Andrew J., Giannotta, Madalene M., Bradford, Tessa M. & Austin, Andrew D., 2022, Systematic revision of the parasitoid wasp genus Glyptapanteles Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Microgastrinae) for Australia results in a ten-fold increase in species, European Journal of Taxonomy 792 (1), pp. 1-116 : 9-17

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.5852/ejt.2022.792.1647
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:18DB5F54-5CEB-498E-A6F1-E570E6A57833
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6308797
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039487E7-EF68-4A13-A929-8F08FAEAFB4F
treatment provided by	Felipe
scientific name	Glyptapanteles Ashmead, 1904
status

Treatment

Genus Glyptapanteles Ashmead, 1904

Glyptapanteles Ashmead, 1904: 147 .

Glyptapanteles – Mason 1981: 105. — Austin & Dangerfield 1992: 32. — Arias-Penna et al. 2019 a: 561. For complete list of earlier synonyms and bibliography, see Shenefelt (1972) and Fernández- Triana et al. (2020).

Type species

By monotypy, Apanteles ashmeadi Wilkinson, 1928: 84 , a replacement name for Glyptapanteles manilae Ashmead, 1904 .

Diagnosis

The diagnosis by Fernández-Triana et al. (2020) works well for the Australian fauna and is as follows: “…fore wing without an areolet; propodeum that is either completely smooth (often) to more or less rugose (more rarely), with a median longitudinal carina that is entirely absent (often), partially defined posteriorly (often) to complete and strong (rarely), or no median carina but instead a series of very short carinae radiating from the nucha (rarely); T1 narrows towards the posterior margin, usually strongly (almost always), or more parallel-sided, or rounded at apex, as in some species of Protapanteles (rarely); T2 is almost always subtriangular or trapezoidal (rarely shaped differently); ovipositor and ovipositor sheaths are relatively short (usually) to moderately long (rarely); setae at apex of ovipositor sheaths relatively long (as long or longer than setae on hypopygium)” ( Fernández-Triana et al. 2020: 36).

Key to the described species groups and to the morphologically distinct species of Glyptapanteles

from Australia

This key is based on adult females. Due to there likely being many other undescribed species of Glyptapanteles in Australia, it should be treated with caution as undescribed species could possibly key to described species within this key. We feel that a morphological key is not particularly useful for this group, other than for separating the species groups which are quite distinct (e.g., the G. albigena species group, that has the gena with a pale spot), but we present one here for completeness. Ideally, morphological identifications should be supported with COI and wingless DNA barcodes. Species that come out together at a couplet are not reliably distinguished using morphology (e.g., couplet 7).

1. Gena with a pale spot ( G. albigena species group) ( Fig. 5 View Fig A-D) ...................................................... 2

– Gena without a pale spot ( Fig. 5E View Fig ) ................................................................................................... 8

2. Gena with a large pale spot ( Fig. 5A–B View Fig ) .......................................................................................... 3

– Gena with a small pale spot (e.g., Fig. 5C–D View Fig ) .................................................................................. 4

3. Gena with a pale spot measuring at least one third of face height ( Fig. 5A View Fig ) ...................................... ........................................................ Glyptapanteles albigena Fagan-Jeffries, Bird & Austin sp. nov.

– Gena with a pale spot less than one third of face height ( Fig. 5B View Fig ) ..................................................... .................................................. Glyptapanteles sanniopolus Fagan-Jeffries, Bird & Austin sp. nov.

4. T2 pale (e.g., Fig. 6A–E View Fig ) ..................................................................... G. mnesampela Austin, 2000

– T2 dark (e.g., Fig. 6F View Fig ) ....................................................................................................................... 5

5. Propodeum with median carina faintly indicated posteriorly and anteriorly ( Fig. 7A View Fig ); and gena with a barely visible pale spot ( Fig. 5D View Fig ) ....... Glyptapanteles harveyi Fagan-Jeffries, Bird & Austin sp. nov.

– Propodeum with median carina completely absent (e.g., Fig. 7B View Fig ); gena with a clearly visible pale spot (e.g., Fig. 5C View Fig ) ............................................................................................................................ 6

6. Hind femur mostly dark (sometimes with lighter area proximally) ( Fig. 8A View Fig ) ................................... ………. .............................. Glyptapanteles andamookaensis Fagan-Jeffries, Bird & Austin sp. nov.

– Hind femur mostly light brown or pale (e.g., Fig. 8B View Fig ) ..................................................................... 7

7. Mesosoma with strong red tinge ( Fig. 9A View Fig ) ......................................................................................... ................................................... Glyptapanteles ferrugineus Fagan-Jeffries, Bird & Austin sp. nov.

– Mesosoma dark, no strong red tinge (e.g., Fig. 9B View Fig ) ........................................................................... ......................................................... Glyptapanteles kittelae Fagan-Jeffries, Bird & Austin sp. nov., Glyptapanteles austrinus Fagan-Jeffries, Bird & Austin sp. nov. and Glyptapanteles aspersus Fagan-Jeffries, Bird & Austin sp. nov. These species cannot be reliably identified using morphology alone; see under the relevant species for molecular information which can be used to differentiate them

8. T2 pale (e.g., Fig. 6A–E View Fig ) .................................................................................................................. 9

– T2 dark (e.g., Fig. 6F View Fig ) ......................................................................................................................11

9. T1 same colour as T2, extremely pale ( Fig. 6B View Fig ); propodeum with median carina clear and complete; hind coxa pale ( G. eburneus species group, part) ............................................................................... ....................................................... Glyptapanteles eburneus Fagan-Jeffries, Bird & Austin sp. nov.

– T1 darker than T2, either dark or orange-brown (e.g., Fig. 6C–D View Fig ); propodeum with median carina absent; hind coxa dark ( G. mouldsi species group) ........................................................................ 10

10. T1 dark, S3–5 mostly pale or yellow other than hypopygium (which is dark); T3–5 mostly pale or yellow ( Fig. 11A–D View Fig ) ................ Glyptapanteles mouldsi Fagan-Jeffries, Bird & Austin sp. nov. and Glyptapanteles dowtoni Fagan-Jeffries, Bird & Austin sp. nov. These species cannot be reliably identified using morphology alone; see under the relevant species for molecular information which can be used to differentiate them

– T1 orange to light brown, S5–7 dark (including hypopygium); T4–6 completely dark ( Fig. 11E–F View Fig ) ................................................................ Glyptapanteles rixi Fagan-Jeffries, Bird & Austin sp. nov.

11. T1 pale; hind coxa pale ( G. eburneus species group, part) ................................................................ ................................................... Glyptapanteles foraminous Fagan-Jeffries, Bird & Austin sp. nov.

– T1 dark; hind coxa dark .................................................................................................................. 12

12. Anteromesoscutum with very sparse deep punctures, always with some smooth areas greater than diameter of punctures; T1 never wedge-shaped, propodeum coarsely rugose; sometimes with slight orange markings on postero-lateral anteromesoscutum ( G. niveus species group) (e.g., Fig. 12A– B View Fig ) .................................................................................................................................................. 13

– Anteromesoscutum normally with punctures denser than in Fig. 12A–B View Fig , smooth areas generally smaller than diameter of punctures; T1 variable, including sometimes wedge-shaped, propodeum variable, coarsely rugose to smooth; sometimes with strong orange markings on postero-lateral anteromesoscutum (e.g., Fig. 12C–D View Fig ) ............................................................................................ 14

13. Hind coxa with strong punctures covering most of area; antennal flagellomeres all dark ................. .................................................... Glyptapanteles bradfordae Fagan-Jeffries, Bird & Austin sp. nov.

– Hind coxa with only sparse punctures, particularly smooth anteriorly; antennal flagellomeres sometimes with white distal segments ................................................................................................ ................................................... Glyptapanteles cooperi Fagan-Jeffries, Bird & Austin sp. nov. and Glyptapanteles niveus Fagan-Jeffries, Bird & Austin sp. nov. These species cannot be reliably identified using morphology alone; see under the relevant species for molecular information which can be used to differentiate them

14. Postero-lateral anteromesoscutum with strong orange markings ( Fig. 12C View Fig ) [whole body strongly punctured, propodeum strongly rugose] ............................................................................................. ......................................................... Glyptapanteles baylessi Fagan-Jeffries, Bird & Austin sp. nov.

– Postero-lateral anteromesoscutum without strong orange markings (e.g., Fig. 12D View Fig ) [sculpturing of propodeum variable, sometimes strongly rugose] .......................................................................... 15

15. Ventral side of antennal scape (at least in distal half) darker than or the same colour as flagellomeres (e.g., Fig. 13A View Fig ) ................................................................................................................................ 16

– Ventral side of antennal scape (at least in distal half) paler than flagellomeres ( G. arcanus species group) (e.g., Fig. 13B View Fig ) .................................................................................................................... 20

16. Fore wing veins r and 2RS narrow and long, each significantly longer than vein 2m and smoothly curved (not meeting at sharp angle) ( Fig. 14A View Fig ) .................................................................................. ................................................ Glyptapanteles kurandaensis Fagan-Jeffries, Bird & Austin sp. nov.

– Fore wing veins r and 2RS each only slightly longer than vein 2m ( Fig. 14B View Fig ), sometimes meeting at sharp angle ...................................................................................................................................... 17

17. Tegula dark ........................................................................... G. deliasa Austin & Dangerfield, 1992

– Tegula pale....................................................................................................................................... 18

18. Maximum height of mesoscutellum lunules less than 0.64× maximum height of lateral face of mesoscutellum ( Fig. 15A View Fig ) [hind femur darkening posteriorly, propodeum smooth] ......................... .............................................................. Glyptapanteles drioplanetus Fagan-Jeffries & Austin, 2021 – Maximum height of mesoscutellum lunules approximately 0.75× maximum height of lateral face of mesoscutellum (e.g., Fig. 15B View Fig ) [hind femur completely dark or mostly pale yellow with dark patch posteriorly, propodeum smooth or with some shallow indistinct sculpturing in centre] ( G. austini species group) ................................................................................................................................. 19

19. Hind femur mostly pale with dark area posteriorly [propodeum smooth and shiny] ......................... .......................................................... Glyptapanteles guzikae Fagan-Jeffries, Bird & Austin sp. nov.

– Hind femur completely dark [propodeum smooth or with some sculpturing in centre] .................... .................................................... Glyptapanteles kingae Fagan-Jeffries, Bird & Austin sp. nov. and Glyptapanteles austini Fagan-Jeffries & Bird sp. nov. These species cannot be reliably identified using morphology alone; see under the relevant species for molecular information which can be used to differentiate them

20. Propodeum with coarse rugose sculpturing over most of area ....................................................... 21

– Propodeum smooth, or with rugose sculpturing only in posterior half of centre, anterior half punctured or smooth ........................................................................................................................................ 22

21. T1 smooth ........................... Glyptapanteles goodwinnoakes Fagan-Jeffries, Bird & Austin sp. nov.

– T1 with strong or shallow rugose sculpturing .................................................................................... .................................................... Glyptapanteles lambkinae Fagan-Jeffries, Bird & Austin sp. nov., Glyptapanteles arcanus Fagan-Jeffries, Bird & Austin sp. nov., Glyptapanteles vergrandiacus Fagan-Jeffries, Bird & Austin sp. nov. and Glyptapanteles erucadesolator Fagan-Jeffries, Bird & Austin sp. nov. These species cannot be reliably identified using morphology alone; see under the relevant species for molecular information which can be used to differentiate them

22. T1 with strong punctures in posterior half, punctures covering at least one third of posterior half of tergite ................................. Glyptapanteles rodriguezae Fagan-Jeffries, Bird & Austin sp. nov. and Glyptapanteles ruhri Fagan-Jeffries, Bird & Austin sp. nov. These species cannot be reliably identified using morphology alone; see under the relevant species for molecular information which can be used to differentiate them

– T1 smooth and shiny, if punctures present then only very few and very sparse or confined to lateral edges, covering much less than one third of area of posterior half of tergite ..................................... ....................................................... Glyptapanteles wrightae Fagan-Jeffries, Bird & Austin sp. nov., Glyptapanteles doreyi Fagan-Jeffries, Bird & Austin sp. nov. and Glyptapanteles lessardi Fagan-Jeffries, Bird & Austin sp. nov. These species cannot be reliably identified using morphology alone; see under the relevant species for molecular information which can be used to differentiate them

Species groups assignments and diagnoses

Six species groups are designated based on a combination of molecular and morphological data.Diagnoses for these groups are given below and all of the treated species are then presented in alphabetical order.