mosquitoes, Theobald & June, 1901
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publication ID |
https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4624.3.9 |
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publication LSID |
lsid:zoobank.org:pub:A1C2A5CA-8231-4E70-925E-184F0808F88C |
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persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038F6012-0C67-6F73-FF5E-45ED2794F998 |
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treatment provided by |
Plazi |
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scientific name |
mosquitoes |
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Key to the genera of mosquitoes in Singapore (adult females)
1 Apical half of proboscis sharply bent downwards and distinctly more slender than basal half ( Fig. 3A View FIGURE 3 ); wing margin with Vshaped notch just beyond tip of vein CuA ( Fig. 3C View FIGURE 3 ); large mosquito ( Fig. 3E View FIGURE 3 )......................... Toxorhynchites
- Apical half of proboscis not sharply bent downward, uniform in thickness throughout ( Fig. 3B View FIGURE 3 ); wing margin without Vshaped notch just beyond tip of vein CuA ( Fig. 3D View FIGURE 3 ); mosquito not as large ( Fig. 3F View FIGURE 3 )............................... 2
2(1) Scutellum evenly rounded ( Fig. 4A View FIGURE 4 ); maxillary palpus about as long as proboscis ( Fig. 4C View FIGURE 4 )................. Anopheles
- Scutellum trilobed ( Fig. 4B View FIGURE 4 ); maxillary palpus shorter than proboscis ( Fig. 4D View FIGURE 4 )................................... 3
3(2) Thoracic pleura (lateral thoracic surface) with conspicuous vertical stripe of broad silvery scales extending from area above paratergite to midcoxa ( Fig. 4E View FIGURE 4 )............................................................... Zeugnomyia
- Thoracic pleura (lateral thoracic surface) without conspicuous vertical stripe of broad silvery scales ( Fig. 4F View FIGURE 4 ).......... 4
4(3) Vein 1A ends before (proximal to) or at origin of mcu ( Fig. 5A View FIGURE 5 ); upper calypter bare ( Fig. 5C View FIGURE 5 )...................... 5
- Vein 1A ends beyond (distal to) origin of mcu ( Fig. 5B View FIGURE 5 ); upper calypter fringed ( Fig. 5D View FIGURE 5 ) or bare.................... 8
5(4) Scutum with median longitudinal stripe of metallic scales ( Fig. 5E View FIGURE 5 ); alula with piliform scales ( Fig. 5G View FIGURE 5 ).............. 6
- Scutal ornamentation otherwise ( Fig. 5F View FIGURE 5 ); alula bare ( Fig. 5H View FIGURE 5 ) or with broad, flat recumbent scales................... 7
6(5) Tip of proboscis swollen, upturned and covered with numerous long setae ( Fig. 6A View FIGURE 6 )........................ Malaya
- Tip of proboscis usually slender, if slightly swollen then not upturned and not covered with numerous long setae ( Fig. 6B View FIGURE 6 )............................................................................................ Topomyia
7(5) Cell R 2 of wing as long as or longer than vein R 2+3 ( Fig. 6C View FIGURE 6 ); wing scales truncate ( Fig. 6E View FIGURE 6 ).................. Hodgesia
- Cell R 2 of wing always shorter than vein R 2+3 ( Fig. 6D View FIGURE 6 ); wing scales not truncate ( Fig. 6F View FIGURE 6 )................ Uranotaenia
8(4) Tibia and femur of mid- and hindlegs with prominent distal tufts of scales ( Fig. 7A View FIGURE 7 ); antennal flagellomeres short and thick ( Fig. 7C View FIGURE 7 ).................................................................................. Aedeomyia
- Tibia and femur of mid- and hindlegs without prominent distal tufts of scales ( Fig. 7B View FIGURE 7 ); antennal flagellomeres not short and thick ( Fig. 7D View FIGURE 7 )...................................................................................... 9
9(8) Antepronota enlarged and close together behind head ( Fig. 7E View FIGURE 7 , shaded grey); scutum with broad, shiny metallic scales ( Fig. 7G View FIGURE 7 )..................................................................................... Heizmannia
- Antepronota not enlarged and well separated behind head ( Fig. 7F View FIGURE 7 , shaded grey); scutum without broad, shiny metallic scales ( Fig. 7H View FIGURE 7 )......................................................................................... 10
10(9) Tarsomere 1 of fore- and midlegs distinctly longer than combined length of tarsomeres 2 to 5 ( Fig. 8A View FIGURE 8 ); wings with distinct pale and dark spots ( Fig. 8C View FIGURE 8 )............................................................... Orthopodomyia
- Tarsomere 1 of fore- and midlegs not distinctly longer than combined length of tarsomeres 2 to 5 ( Fig. 8B View FIGURE 8 ); wings without distinct pale and dark spots (except Culex mimulus Edwards ) ( Fig. 8D View FIGURE 8 )........................................ 11
11(10) Proboscis laterally compressed (proboscis thicker when viewed laterally compared to dorsally) and curved downwards ( Fig. 9A View FIGURE 9 ); base of hindcoxa more or less in line with or slightly above dorsal margin of mesomeron ( Fig. 9C, E View FIGURE 9 )..... Armigeres
- Proboscis not curved downward and not laterally compressed (proboscis about same thickness when viewed laterally and dorsally) ( Fig. 9B View FIGURE 9 ); base of hindcoxa mostly well below dorsal margin of mesomeron ( Fig. 9D, F View FIGURE 9 ).................. 12
12(11) Postspiracular setae absent ( Fig. 9G View FIGURE 9 )................................................................... 13
- Postspiracular setae present ( Fig. 9H View FIGURE 9 ).................................................................. 19
13(12) Antennal flagellomere 1 approximately 3 times as long as flagellomere 2 ( Fig. 10A View FIGURE 10 ); maxillary palpus as long as clypeus ( Fig. 10C View FIGURE 10 )....................................................................................... Ficalbia
- Antennal flagellomere 1 approximately same length as flagellomere 2 ( Fig. 10B View FIGURE 10 ); maxillary palpus longer than clypeus ( Fig. 10D View FIGURE 10 )............................................................................................ 14 14(13) Alula bare or with broad, flat decumbent scales ( Fig. 10E View FIGURE 10 ); tip of proboscis slightly swollen ( Fig. 10G View FIGURE 10 )....... Mimomyia
- Alula with fringe of hair-like scales ( Fig. 10F View FIGURE 10 ); tip of proboscis not swollen ( Fig. 10H View FIGURE 10 )........................... 15
15(14) Yellow- to orange-colored mosquitoes, sometimes with purplish scales ( Fig. 11A View FIGURE 11 ); scutum with sparse yellow scales ( Fig. 11C View FIGURE 11 )................................................................................... Coquillettidia
- Dull brown-coloured mosquitoes, or with silvery iridescent scales ( Fig. 11B View FIGURE 11 ); scutum covered with numerous scales ( Fig. 11D View FIGURE 11 )............................................................................................ 16
16(15) Pulvilli well developed (conspicuous) on all tarsi, most prominent on mid- and hindlegs ( Fig. 12A View FIGURE 12 ); prespiracular setae absent ( Fig.12C, E View FIGURE 12 )...................................................................................... 17
- Pulvilli inconspicuous, seemingly absent on all tarsi ( Fig. 12B View FIGURE 12 ); prespiracular setae present ( Fig. 12D, F View FIGURE 12 ), not to be confused with postpronotal setae.............................................................................. 18
17(16) Lower mesepimeron with fewer than 4 setae ( Fig. 12G View FIGURE 12 )................................................. Culex
- Lower mesepimeron with 4 or more setae ( Fig. 12H View FIGURE 12 )................................................... Lutzia
18(16) Prealar knob with 1 or 2 setae ( Fig. 13A View FIGURE 13 ); remigial setae absent ( Fig. 13C View FIGURE 13 )............................. Tripteroides
- Prealar knob with numerous setae ( Fig. 13B View FIGURE 13 ); remigial setae present ( Fig. 13D View FIGURE 13 )............................ Culiseta
19(12) Wing with mixture of broad dark and pale asymmetrical scales ( Fig. 13E View FIGURE 13 ); abdominal tergum VIII short and broad, appearing blunt when viewed dorsally ( Fig. 13G View FIGURE 13 )........................................................... Mansonia
- Wing scales not usually broad, usually symmetrical ( Fig 13F View FIGURE 13 ); abdominal tergum VIII tapered posteriorly, appearing pointed when viewed dorsally ( Fig. 13H View FIGURE 13 )...................................................................... 20
20(19) Head with distinctive spoon-shaped patch of silver scales between eyes extending to antennal pedicels ( Fig. 14A View FIGURE 14 ); yellowbrown mosquitoes with silver scales ( Fig. 14C View FIGURE 14 )....................................................... Udaya
- Head without silver scales between eyes, if pale scales present, not in spoon-shaped patch and not extending to antennal pedicels ( Fig. 14B View FIGURE 14 ); color and scales otherwise ( Fig. 14D View FIGURE 14 )................................... Aedes and Verrallina
No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.