Cybaeus simplex Roth, 1952

Bennett, Robb, Copley, Claudia & Copley, Darren, 2021, Cybaeus (Araneae: Cybaeidae): the consocius species group of the Californian clade, Zootaxa 4965 (3), pp. 401-436 : 420-423

publication ID

https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4965.3.1

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:94FB89CF-2083-4FAC-AE60-B8CCF1D5FE8E

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4752613

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038B87C3-1910-BE39-FF3A-6BD7FEB09B61

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Plazi (2021-04-29 10:06:21, last updated 2024-11-24 23:50:25)

scientific name

Cybaeus simplex Roth
status

 

Cybaeus simplex Roth View in CoL

Figs 1 View FIGURES 1–4 , 59–67 View FIGURES 59–63 View FIGURES 64–67 , 85 View FIGURE 85

Cybaeus simplex Roth, 1952: 216 View in CoL , figs 9–12. Roewer 1954: 92. Roth and Brown 1986: 4. World Spider Catalog 2021

Type material examined. U.S.A.: Oregon: Holotype male, Linn County, Cascadia , 11.ix.1948, V. D. Roth ( AMNH), subsequently lost . Neotype male here designated from original paratype series, Linn County, Cascadia , 5.ix.1948, V. D. Roth ( AMNH) . Neotype lacks its left palpus. Allotype female, Linn County, Cascadia , 11.ix.1948, V. D. Roth ( AMNH), subsequently lost .

Other material examined. U.S.A.: Oregon: Coos. 2♀, 3 mi. N of Bandon , 30.ix.1959, V. D. Roth ( CAS); Jackson. 1♂, Ashland Watershed , 11.x.1998, R. W. Peck ( RBCM); Josephine. 1♂, Oregon Cave, Oregon Cave National Monument, 24.x.2011, N. Mason ( NHM); Lane. 1♀, Blue Pool Camp , Willamette National Forest , 7.ix.1949, V.D. Roth ( AMNH); 2♂, H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest, 18.x–9.xi.1983, J.D. McIver ( CNC); Linn. 1♂ 1♀, Cascadia , 5.ix.1948, V.D. Roth ( AMNH); 1♂ 1♀, Cascadia , 5.ix.1948, V.D. Roth ( MCZ); 1♂ 1♀, Cascadia , 11.ix.1948, V.D. Roth ( NMNH); 1♀, 1 mi. E of Quartzville (27 mi. NE Sweet Home ), 7.iii.1948, V.D. Roth ( CAS) .

Diagnosis. The male of C. simplex is unlikely to be confused with the males of the other species in the consocius group except for C. opulentus . Distinguishing the males of these two species is discussed under the diagnosis of C. opulentus . Among the females of the consocius group, the female of C. simplex is most likely to be confused with the other species which lack U-shaped copulatory ducts: C. ubicki spec. nov., C. penedentatus , C. vulpinus , C. pan spec. nov., and C. opulentus spec. nov. From those species the female of C. simplex is distinguished by a combination of its wide and arched transverse atrium, about 2/3 the width of the vulva ( Figs 64–65 View FIGURES 64–67 ) (versus atrium much smaller, about 1/3 the width of the vulva in C. penedentatus [ Figs 46–47 View FIGURES 46–51 , 52–53 View FIGURES 52–54 ]); the relatively narrow lumina of its copulatory ducts ( Figs 65–67 View FIGURES 64–67 ) (versus broad copulatory duct lumina, especially at the junction of the copulatory ducts with the atrium, in C. ubicki spec. nov. [ Figs 75–76 View FIGURES 74–79 ], C. opulentus spec. nov. [ Fig. 31 View FIGURES 30–32 ], C. pan spec. nov. [ Fig. 38 View FIGURES 37–41 ], and C. vulpinus [ Fig. 40 View FIGURES 37–41 ]); copulatory ducts contiguous at the atrium as well as partway between the atrium and the spermathecal heads ( Figs 65–67 View FIGURES 64–67 ) (versus contiguous only at the atrium in C. pan spec. nov. [ Fig. 38 View FIGURES 37–41 ] and C. vulpinus [ Fig. 40 View FIGURES 37–41 ]); and the relatively long copulatory ducts and spermathecal stalks ( Figs 65–67 View FIGURES 64–67 ) (versus short copulatory ducts and spermathecal heads in C. opulentus spec. nov. [ Fig. 32 View FIGURES 30–32 ]).

Description. Roth (1952) described both sexes in detail. Ventral tibia I macrosetae: 2-1p-2-1p-2.

Male: (n=9). Patellar apophysis ( Figs 1 View FIGURES 1–4 , 60 View FIGURES 59–63 ) about as long as width of patella with peg setae clustered around tip and linearly along dorsal surface. Distal extension of retrolateral tibial apophysis ( Fig. 59 View FIGURES 59–63 ) short, digitiform. Measurements (n=6). CL 2.28–2.6 (2.5±0.1), CW 1.48–1.93 (1.77±0.20), SL 1.17–1.31 (1.26±0.05), SW 1.00–1.21 (1.15±0.08). Holotype, neotype: CL 2.6, 2.6, CW 1.90, 1.93, SL 1.30, 1.30, SW 1.21, 1.20.

Female: (n=8). Atrium ( Fig. 64 View FIGURES 64–67 ) anteriorly located on epigynum. Copulatory ducts ( Figs 65–67 View FIGURES 64–67 ) narrowly contiguous at atrium, projecting anteriorly for short distance from atrium then turning posteriorly and becoming contiguous again along midline before joining spermathecal heads at lateral margins of vulva. Stalks ( Figs 65–67 View FIGURES 64–67 ) often contiguous or nearly so in region of Bennett’s glands. Measurements (n=6). CL 2.15–2.7 (2.4±0.2), CW 1.48–1.78 (1.60±0.13), SL 1.04–1.30 (1.17±0.09), SW 0.92–1.21 (1.07±0.10).

Distribution and natural history. Coos, Jackson, Josephine, Lane, and Linn Counties of western Oregon from the Cascade Range east of the Willamette Valley, west to the coast and south nearly to California ( Fig. 85 View FIGURE 85 ). Mature males have been collected from September to November. The holotype and allotype pair was found “under bark about 1 inch apart.”

Roewer, C. F. (1954) Katalog der Araneae 2 a. Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, Bruxelles, 923 pp.

Roth, V. D. (1952) The genus Cybaeus (Arachnida: Agelenidae) in Oregon. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 45, 205 - 219. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / aesa / 45.2.205

Roth, V. D. & Brown, W. L. (1986) Catalog of Nearctic Agelenidae. The Museum Texas Tech University Occasional Papers, 99, 1 - 21. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 142809

World Spider Catalog (2021) World Spider Catalog. Version 22.0. Natural History Museum, Bern. Available from: http: // wsc. nmbe. ch, (accessed 29 January 2021) https: // doi. org / 10.24436 / 2

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FIGURE 85. Distribution of Cybaeus simplex. AZ—Arizona, CA—California, ID—Idaho, OR—Oregon, NV—Nevada, UT— Utah, WA—Washington. Oregon county names capitalized.

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FIGURES 1–4. Cybaeus spp., males, left palpus (1 C. simplex from Ashland watershed, Oregon; 2–4 C. consocius from Muir Woods, California). 1 Patella, tibia, and genital bulb, ventral. 2 Patella and tibia, dorsal. 3–4 Genital bulb (3 ventral, 4 retrolateral). DA—distal arm of tegular apophysis, E—embolus, PA—proximal arm of tegular apophysis, PS—peg setae, PTA—patellar apophysis, RTA—retrolateral tibial apophysis.

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FIGURES 59–63. Cybaeus simplex, males from Oregon, left palpus (59 from Ashland watershed, 60–63 from H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest). 59 Tibia, retrolateral. 60 Patella and tibia, dorsal. 61–62 Genital bulb (61 ventral, 62 retrolateral). 63 Tip of proximal arm of tegular apophysis, ventral. Arrows indicate diagnostic characters (59 distal extension of retrolateral tibial apophysis, 61 strongly twisted tip and prominent basal projection of proximal arm of tegular apophysis, 62 compound curve of dorsal margin of tegular apophysis).

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FIGURES 64–67. Cybaeus simplex, females from Cascadia, Oregon, copulatory organ. 64 Epigynum, ventral. 65–67 Vulva (65 ventral, 66–67 dorsal). CD—copulatory duct.

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FIGURES 46–51. Cybaeus penedentatus, females from California, copulatory organ (46–48 from Ben Lomond, 49 from Pescadero Creek, 50–51 from Mount Madonna). 46 Epigynum, ventral. 47–51 Vulva (47, 49–50 ventral; 48, 51 dorsal). AT—atrium.

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FIGURES 52–54. Cybaeus penedentatus, female from Brookdale, California, copulatory organ. 52 Epigynum, ventral. 53–54 Vulva (53 ventral, 54 dorsal). AT—atrium.

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FIGURES 74–79. Cybaeus ubicki spec. nov., females from California, copulatory organ (74–76 from Point Reyes Station, 77– 79 from Anchor Bay). 74, 77 Epigynum, ventral. 75–76, 78–79 Vulva (75, 78, ventral, 76, 79 dorsal). CD—copulatory duct.

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FIGURES 30–32. Cybaeus opulentus spec. nov., female from Riverton, California, copulatory organ. 30 Epigynum, ventral. 31–32 Vulva (31 ventral, 32 dorsal). BG—Bennett’s gland, CD—copulatory duct, HS—head of spermatheca.

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FIGURES 37–41. Cybaeus spp., females from California, copulatory organ (37–38 C. pan spec. nov. from near Calpine, 39 C. pan spec. nov. from Sierra City, 40–41 C. vulpinus from Big Trees State Park). 37 Epigynum, ventral. 38–41 Vulva (38, 40 ventral; 39, 41 dorsal). CD—copulatory duct, SS—spermathecal stalk. Unlabelled arrow indicates epigynal notch.

V

Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium

AMNH

American Museum of Natural History

CAS

California Academy of Sciences

R

Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile

RBCM

Royal British Columbia Museum

NHM

University of Nottingham

CNC

Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes

MCZ

Museum of Comparative Zoology

NMNH

Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Arthropoda

Class

Arachnida

Order

Araneae

Family

Cybaeidae

Genus

Cybaeus