Novispathodus pingdingshanensis ( Zhao & Orchard, 2007 )

Leu, Marc, Bucher, Hugo, Vennemann, Torsten, Bagherpour, Borhan, Ji, Cheng, Brosse, Morgane & Goudemand, Nicolas, 2022, A Unitary Association-based conodont biozonation of the Smithian-Spathian boundary (Early Triassic) and associated biotic crisis from South China, Swiss Journal of Palaeontology (19) 141 (1), pp. 1-61 : 27-29

publication ID	https://doi.org/10.1186/s13358-022-00259-x
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13128515
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038B1D1D-6473-FFAD-FF1B-EF9BD2A8FDA7
treatment provided by	Felipe (2024-06-17 19:39:26, last updated 2024-11-29 15:07:42)
scientific name	Novispathodus pingdingshanensis ( Zhao & Orchard, 2007 )
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Novispathodus pingdingshanensis ( Zhao & Orchard, 2007)

Fig. 17D–F; M–P, R, S, U, X View Fig , AA, AB, AD, AF

*2007 Neospathodus pingdingshanensis n. sp.; Zhao & Orchard, Zhao et al., p.36, pl. 1, fig. 4A–C.

2012a Novispathodus pingdingshanensis (Zhao & Orchard) ; Goudemand & Orchard in Goudemand et al., p. 1030–1031, figs. 2B, F, G, I–J, M, P, Q, AD, 3T-U, 6.

2013 Neospathodus pingdingshanensis Zhao & Orchard ; Chen et al., p 825, fig. 3.10, 3.12.

2013 Neospathodus waageni subsp. nov. A; Metcalfe et al., p. 1144, figs. 9.1–9.5, 9.7, 9.8, 9.10.

2014 Novispathodus pingdingshanensis (Zhao & Orchard) ; Maekawa & Igo in Shigeta, p. 239–240, figs. 171.13–171.31.

2015 Novispathodus pingdingshanensis (Zhao & Orchard) ; Chen et al., p. 111, 112, figs. 7.1–7.4, 8.5, 8.6.

2016 Novispathodus ex. gr. pingdingshanensis (Zhao & Orchard) ; Komatsu et al., p. 69, figs. 5.4a–5.5c.

2016 Neospathodus robustus Koike ; Chen & Kolar-Jurkovšek in Chen et al., p. 93, fig. 9.5 (only).

2018 Novispathodus pingdingshanensis (Zhao & Orchard) ; Maekawa in Maekawa et al., p. 36–37, figs. 20.2–20.18, 21.1–21.13.

2019 Novispathodus pingdingshanensis (Zhao & Orchard) ; Chen et al., fig. 3, nr. 8.

2019 Novispathodus pingdingshanensis (Zhao & Orchard) ; Liu et al., p. 13, pl. 3 fig. 5 (only).

Material.> 100 specimens.

Diagnosis (Zhao and Orchard, in Zhao et al., 2007; emended by Goudemand, in Goudemand et al., 2012b). Small segminate P 1 elements characterized by a length/ height ratio in the range of 1.32–2.34, and about 4–9 robust, wide, mostly fused, and distinctively posteriorly recurved denticles. In lateral view, the basal margin is usually straight. A large, broadly expanded oval to sub-rounded basal cavity is upturned on the inner margin and flat to downturned on the outer margin.

Remarks. Goudemand (in Goudemand et al., 2012b) revised the original diagnosis by noticing that the basal margin is not necessarily straight and therefore, the most strikingly difference to Nv. waageni is the denticulation: the denticles axes are distinctively recurved posteriorly whereas in Nv. waageni and Nv. abruptus , the denticles are straight, inclined or radiating. Te two or three denticles anterior of the cusp are often clearly asymmetrical and the posterior edge of the element is much shorter than the anterior one. In most sections worldwide, Nv. pingdingshanensis first occurs within the positive δ 13 Ccarb excursion of the latest Smithian and may extend to the earliest Spathian ( Goudemand et al., 2019; Leu et al., 2019; Zhang et al., 2019). Some elements within our rich material resemble Ns. Pingdingshanensis , but appear to have a relatively small basal cavity, more posteriorly recurved denticles or more numerous denticles that what was previously described for this species. Tese elements ( Figs. 17C, J, K, T View Fig ; 18E, I–K View Fig ; 19O, Q View Fig ; 20H, N–O, S View Fig ; here assigned to N. ex gr. pingdingshanensis ) may deserve differentiation in the future. Two elements illustrated by Metcalfe et al., (2013, figs. 9.6, 9.9, p. 1144) as ‘ Neospathodus waageni subsp. nov. A’ display a higher anterior end and more recurved denticles than the other elements they included in ‘ Neospathodus waageni subsp. nov. A’, which we synonymized with Ns. pingdingshanensis : elements like these two elements do not seem to fit in Ns. pingdingshanensis and may deserve assignment to a new species. Some further elements resembling Ns. pingdingshanensis but distinctively shorter than Ns. pingdingshanensis are herein assigned to a new species ( Nv. gryphus n. sp. see below).

(See figure on next page.)

Occurrence. Worldwide occurrence. China: Jinya/ Waili area, Guangxi ( Goudemand et al., 2012b) Jiarong, southern Guizhou ( Chen et al., 2013, 2015). Anshun Fm., Qingyan section, Guizhou ( Ji et al., 2011). Chaohu (Zhao et al., 2007, 2008). Daxiakou, Hubei ( Zhao et al., 2013). Vietnam: Bac Tuy Fm., Xenoceltites variocostatus and Tirolites beds, ( Komatsu et al., 2016; Shigeta et al., 2014). Canada: Scythogondolella mosheri zone, Wapiti Lake ( Orchard & Zonneveld, 2009). Australia: Hovea Member of Kockatea Shale, upper part of Neospathodus waageni Zone, Smithian substage ( Metcalfe et al., 2013).

References

Chen, Y., Twitchett, R. J., Jiang, H., Richoz, S., Lai, X., Yan, C., Sun, Y., Liu, X., & Wang, L. (2013). Size variation of conodonts during the Smithian-Spathian (Early Triassic) global warming event. Geology, 41 (8), 823 - 826. https: // doi. org / 10.1130 / G 34171.1

Chen, Y., Jiang, H., Lai, X., Yan, C., Richoz, S., Liu, X., & Wang, L. (2015). Early Triassic conodonts of Jiarong, Nanpanjiang Basin, southern Guizhou Province, South China. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 105, 104 - 121. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. jseaes. 2015.03. 014

Goudemand, N., Orchard, M. J., Tafforeau, P., Urdy, S., Bruehwiler, T., Brayard, A., BrUhwiler, T., & Bucher, H. (2012 b). Early Triassic conodont clusters from South China: revision of the architecture of the 15 element apparatuses of the superfamily Gondolelloidea. Palaeontology, 55 (5), 1021 - 1034. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1475 - 4983.2012.01174. x

Goudemand, N., Romano, C., Leu, M., Bucher, H., Trotter, J. A., & Williams, I. S. (2019). Dynamic interplay between climate and marine biodiversity upheavals during the early Triassic Smithian-Spathian biotic crisis. Earth-Science Reviews, 195, 169 - 178. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. earscirev. 2019.01. 013

Ji, W., Tong, J., Zhao, L., Zhou, S., & Chen, J. (2011). Lower - middle Triassic conodont biostratigraphy of the Qingyan section, Guizhou province, Southwest China. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 308 (1 - 2), 213 - 223. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. palaeo. 2010.08. 020

Komatsu, T., Takashima, R., Shigeta, Y., Maekawa, T., Tran, H. D., Cong, T. D., Sakata, S., Dinh, H. D., & Takahashi, O. (2016). Carbon isotopic excursions and detailed ammonoid and conodont biostratigraphies around Smithian-Spathian boundary in the Bac Thuy Formation, Vietnam. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 454, 65 - 74. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. palaeo. 2016.04. 017

Leu, M., Bucher, H., & Goudemand, N. (2019). Clade-dependent size response of conodonts to environmental changes during the late Smithian extinction. Earth-Science Reviews, 195, 52 - 67. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. earscirev. 2018.11. 003

Metcalfe, I., Nicoll, R. S., Willink, R., Ladjavadi, M., & Grice, K. (2013). Early Triassic (Induan - Olenekian) conodont biostratigraphy, global anoxia, carbon isotope excursions and environmental perturbations: New data from Western Australian Gondwana. Gondwana Research, 23 (3), 1136 - 1150. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. gr. 2012.07. 002

Orchard, M. J., & Zonneveld, J. P. (2009). The Lower Triassic Sulphur Moun-

Shigeta, Y., Komatsu, T., Maekawa, T., & Huyen, D. T. (Eds.). (2014). Olenekian (Early Triassic) stratigraphy and fossil assemblages in northeastern Vietnam (No. 45). Tokyo: National Museum of Nature and Science.

Zhang, L., Orchard, M. J., Brayard, A., Algeo, T. J., Zhao, L., Chen, Z. Q., & Lyu, Z. (2019). The Smithian / Spathian boundary (late Early Triassic): A review

Zhao, L., Orchard, M. J., Tong, J., Sun, Z., Zuo, J., Zhang, S., & Yun, A. (2007). Lower Triassic conodont sequence in Chaohu, Anhui Province, China and its global correlation. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 252, 24 - 38.

Zhao, L., Chen, Y., Chen, Z. Q., & Cao, L. (2013). Uppermost Permian to Lower Triassic Conodont Zonation from Three Gorges Area, South China. Palaios, 28 (8), 523 - 540. https: // doi. org / 10.2110 / palo. 2012. p 12 - 107 r

Figures

Fig. 17 Novispathodinae from Qiakong,Laren, Shanggang,and Lilong. Magnification is × 80.The scale bar is 400 μm. All elements are considered to be P1 elements if not specifically identified otherwise. A–C, J, T, AA Novispathodus ex gr. pingdingshanensis (Zhao & Orchard);A, QIA138,PIMUZ 39226; B QIA138, PIMUZ 39227; C LAR202, PIMUZ 39228; J QIA136, PIMUZ 39229;T LIL504, PIMUZ 39230; AA LIL508,PIMUZ 39231. D–F, M–P, R, S, U, X, AB, AD Novispathodus pingdingshanensis (Zhao & Orchard); D QIA135, PIMUZ 39259; E LIL508,PIMUZ 39260; F LIL506, PIMUZ 39261; M LIL506, PIMUZ 39262; N LIL506,PIMUZ 39263; O LIL507, PIMUZ 39264; P LIL506, PIMUZ 39265; R LIL508,PIMUZ 39266; S LAR204,PIMUZ 39267; U LIL507, PIMUZ 39268; X LIL508, PIMUZ 39269; AB LIL508, PIMUZ 39270; AD LIL508, PIMUZ 39271. G, I, Q Novispathodus cf.?gryphus n. sp.; G QIA136, PIMUZ 39204; I QIA136, PIMUZ 39205; Q QIA135, PIMUZ 39206. H, K, L Novispathodus gryphus n. sp.; H QIA135, PIMUZ 39243; K LIL506, PIMUZ 39244; L LIL506,PIMUZ 39245. V Novispathodus praebrevissimus n. sp.; LIL507, PIMUZ 39273. W, Y, Z, AE Novispathodus ex gr. abruptus (Orchard); W LIL505, PIMUZ 39208; Y SHA346,PIMUZ 39209; Z LIL506, PIMUZ 39210; AE SHA346, PIMUZ 39211. AC sp. indet.; LIL504, PIMUZ 39295. AF Novispathodus pingdingshanensis (P1 cluster) (Zhao & Orchard); QIA136, PIMUZ 39272

Fig. 18 Novispathodinae from Laren and Lilong. Magnification is ×80.The scale bar is 400 μm. All elements are considered to be P1 elements if not specifically identified otherwise.A, B, D, F, L–N, Q, S, T Novispathodus praebrevissimus n. sp.; A LIL506,PIMUZ 39274; B LAR207, PIMUZ 39275; D LIL508, PIMUZ 39276; F LIL507, PIMUZ 39277;L LIL507, PIMUZ 39278; M LIL509, PIMUZ 39279; N LIL507,PIMUZ 39280; Q LIL507, PIMUZ 39281; S LIL507, PIMUZ 39282; T LIL507, PIMUZ 39283. C, O, R Novispathodus?praebrevissimus n. sp.; C LAR204,PIMUZ 39284; O LIL507, PIMUZ 39285; R LIL507, PIMUZ 39286. E, I Novispathodus ex gr. pingdingshanensis (Zhao & Orchard); E LIL507,PIMUZ 39232, I LIL507, PIMUZ 39233. G Triassospathodus aff. symmetricus (Orchard);LIL507, PIMUZ 39309. H Novispathodus ex gr. abruptus (Orchard); LIL507, PIMUZ 39212. J, K Novispathodus praebrevissimus (juvenile) n. sp.; J LIL507, PIMUZ 39287; K LIL507,PIMUZ 39288. P Novispathodus robustispinus (Zhao & Orchard); LIL507,PIMUZ 39290

Fig. 19 Novispathodinae from Qiakong,Laren and Lilong. Magnification is ×80.The scale bar is 400 μm. All elements are considered to be P1 elements if not specifically identified otherwise. A Novispathodus cf.brevissimus (Orchard); LIL515C,PIMUZ 39199. B, F Novispathodus brevissimus (Orchard); B LIL515B, PIMUZ 39200; F BAN1, PIMUZ 39201. C Triassospathodus homeri (Bender); LIL515D,PIMUZ 39317. D, H Novispathodus?brevissimus (Orchard); D LIL515D,PIMUZ 39202; H LIL514A, PIMUZ 39203. E Triassospathodus cf.homeri (Bender); LIL515C, PIMUZ 39318. G, K, O–Q Novispathodus n. sp. A; G LIL504,PIMUZ 39251; K LIL504,PIMUZ 39252; O LIL505, PIMUZ 39253; P LIL505, PIMUZ 39254;Q LIL505,PIMUZ 39255. I, L, M, Triassospathodus symmetricus (Orchard); I QIA141, PIMUZ 39336; L LIL512, PIMUZ 39337; M LIL514A, PIMUZ 39338. J Novispathodus ex gr.pingdingshanensis (Zhao & Orchard); QIA138, PIMUZ 39237. N Triassospathodus cf. symmetricus; LIL514B, PIMUZ 39339.R Novispathodus praebrevissimus n.sp; LIL505, PIMUZ 39289

Fig. 20 Novispathodinae from Qiakong,Laren and Lilong. Magnification is ×80.The scale bar is 400 μm. All elements are considered to be P1 elements if not specifically identified otherwise. A–G, K–M, Q, X Novispathodus ex gr. abruptus (Orchard); A LAR212, PIMUZ 39213; B LAR207, PIMUZ 39214; C LAR205,PIMUZ 39215; D LAR202, PIMUZ 39216;E LAR202, PIMUZ 39217; F LIL506, PIMUZ 39218; G LAR210, PIMUZ 39219; K LIL505,PIMUZ 39220; L LIL506, PIMUZ 39221; M LIL505,PIMUZ 39222; Q LAR203,PIMUZ 39223; X QIA136,PIMUZ 39224. H, V Novispathodus sp. indet.; H QIA136, PIMUZ 39291; V, QIA134, PIMUZ 39292. I, J, P, AA Novispathodus n. sp. Z; I QIA138, PIMUZ 39247;J QIA138,PIMUZ 39248; P LIL506, PIMUZ 39249; AA QIA136, PIMUZ 39250. N, O, S Novispathodus ex gr. pingdingshanensis (Zhao & Orchard); N LIL506, PIMUZ 39234; O LIL505, PIMUZ 39235; S QIA136, PIMUZ 39236. R sp.indet.; LIL511, PIMUZ 39296. T, Y, Z Novispathodus n. sp. A; T QIA134,PIMUZ 39256,Y QIA135, PIMUZ 39257; Z QIA134, PIMUZ 39258. U Novispathodus expansus (Zhao & Orchard); QIA134, PIMUZ 39242. W Novispathodus gryphus n. sp.; QIA135, PIMUZ 39246