KEY

Tlili, Haithem, Abdellaoui, Khemais, Chintauan-Marquier, Ioana C., Chouikha, Manel Ben, Moussi, Abdelhamid, Ammar, Mohamed & Desutter-Grandcolas, Laure, 2020, Checklist and taxonomic updates in grasshoppers (Orthoptera: Caelifera) of central and southwestern Tunisia with new records and a key for species identification, Zoosystema 42 (31), pp. 607-738 : 710-715

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KEY TO FAMILIES, SUBFAMILIES, GENERA, AND SPECIES FOR THE SPECIES FROM CENTRAL AND SOUTHWESTERN OF TUNISIA

1. Pronotum narrowed and prolonged backward to or beyond the tip of abdomen; arolium between the claws of tarsus absent ( Fig. 81A) ........................................................................................... Tetrigidae Rambur, 1838 (Only one genus and one species in Tunisia: Paratettix meridionalis ( Rambur, 1838) , Fig. 77).

— Pronotum neither narrowed, nor prolonged backward to or beyond the tip of abdomen; arolium between the claws of tarsus variable in size but always present ( Fig. 81 B-F) ................................................................... 2.

2. Head from above with fastigial furrow ( Fig. 78A, B View FIG ); fastigium of the vertex sometimes with a simple concave cicatrix ( Fig. 78C View FIG ); hind femur lower basal lobe longer than upper lobe (Fig. Fig. 88 View FIG A-E) .......................... 3.

— Head without a fastigial furrow; fastigium of the vertex without a cicatrix ( Fig. 78 View FIG D-F); hind femur lower basal lobe shorter or seldom as long as the upper lobe ( Fig. 88 View FIG F-K) .................................................................... 5.

3. Head conical, frons strongly curved in side view ( Fig. 80A View FIG ); apical fastigial areolae almost always present ( Fig. 78C View FIG ); Krauss’s organ absent; upper carina of femur smooth and without tubercles or spines ( Fig. 78E View FIG ) ..................................................................................................... Pyrgomorphidae Brunner, 1874 .......... 14.

— Head of variable shape, but not acutely conical ( Fig. 80B View FIG ); apical fastigial areolae absent ( Fig. 78A, B View FIG ); Krauss’s organ almost always present ( Fig. 92A, B View FIG ); upper carina of femur almost rough with tubercles or spines ( Fig. 88 View FIG B-C) .................................................................... Pamphagidae Burmeister, 1840 .......... 4.

4. Elytra and wings fully developed ................................................................ Thrinchinae Stål, 1876 .......... 15.

— Apterous or squamipterous species ................................................ Pamphaginae Burmeister, 1840 .......... 16.

5. Pronotum with a strong crest in the prozona ( Fig. 80C View FIG ); posterior tibia almost arched ( Fig. 89A) .................. ..................................................................................... Dericorythidae Jacobson & Bianchi, 1905 .......... 22.

— Pronotum without a strong crest in the prozona ( Fig. 80 View FIG D-F); posterior tibia not arched ( Fig. 89B) .............. ................................................................................................................. Acrididae MacLeay, 1821 .......... 6.

6. Prosternal process present ( Fig. 82A View FIG ) .......................................................................................................... 7.

— Prosternal process absent ( Fig. 82B View FIG ) ......................................................................................................... 10.

7. Body cylindrical; head strongly elongate and almost conical; pronotum without carinae ................................ ...................................................................................................................... Tropidopolinae Jacobson, 1905 (only one genus and one species known in Tunisa, Tropidopola cylindrica cylindrica ( Marschall, 1836) , Fig. 58).

— Body of variable shape but not cylindrical; head with variable shape but not elongated or conical; pronotum with carinae ................................................................................................................................................ 8.

8. Size large (40-70 mm); pronotum almost subcylindrical or tectiform, median carina incised by three sulci; lateral carena of pronotum absent ........................................................ Cyrtacanthacridinae Kirby, 1910 .......... 23.

— Size small to medium (<40 mm); dorsum of pronotum flat; lateral carinae of pronotum almost always present .......... 9.

9. Hind femur very thick ( Fig. 88F View FIG ); hind wings basally light pink; male cerci large and pincer-shaped ( Fig. 95A) ......................................................................................................... Calliptaminae Jacobson, 1905 .......... 56.

— Hind femur slender ( Fig. 88 View FIG G-H); hind wings hyaline; male cerci small and not pincer-shaped ( Fig. 95B) .... ....................................................................... Eyprepocnemidinae Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1893 .......... 24.

10. Frons very oblique ( Fig. 80 View FIG E-F) ............................................................. Acridinae MacLeay, 1821 .......... 25.

— Frons not very oblique ( Fig. 80D View FIG ) .............................................................................................................. 11.

11. Inner side of hind femur with a stridulatory mechanism ( Fig. 90) ............................................................ 12.

— Inner side of hind femur without a stridulatory mechanism ..................................................................... 13.

12. Arolium between tarsal claws very small or absent; subgenital plate very short ( Fig. 94C); male cercus short and curved ( Fig. 94A) .................................................................. Eremogryllinae Dirsh,1956 .......... 27.

— Arolium between tarsal claws present and large; male cercus of different shape but not short and curved ....... ........................................................................................................ Gomphocerinae Fieber, 1853 .......... 28.

13. Hind wings transparent; furcal suture of mesosternum curved backward ( Fig. 87A, B View FIG ) ................................... ................................................................................. Egnatiinae Bey-Bienko & Mistshenko,1951 .......... 55. (Only one genus known in Tunisia, Egnatioides Vosseler, 1902 ).

— Hind wings almost always colored or with a black band; furcal suture of mesosternum not curved backward ( Fig. 87C, D View FIG ) ............................................................................................................... Oedipodinae Walker, 1871 .......... 30.

14. Species sand-colored, spotted with brown and white; middle leg twice as long as the foreleg; spurs of hind tibia strongly elongated ( Fig. 91A) .................................................................................. Tenuitarsus Bolívar, 1904 (only one species known in Tunisia, Tenuitarsus angustus ( Blanchard, 1836) , Fig. 76).

— Colour variable, brownish or greenish; middle leg not elongate; spurs of hind tibia not elongated ( Fig. 91B) ............................................................................................................ Pyrgomorpha Serville, 1838 .......... 42.

15. Fastigial furrow obliterated; pronotum depressed; hind wing tinted with yellowish with a black band............. .................................................................................................................................... Tuarega Uvarov, 1943 . (Only one species known in Tunisia, Tuarega insignis ( Lucas, 1851) , Fig. 73).

— Fastigial furrow well marked; pronotum in prozona highly raised; hind wing tinted with pinkish in male, sometimes transparent in female; with a black band in both sexes ........................... Tmethis Fieber, 1853 (only one species known in Tunisia, Tmethis cisti ( Fabricius, 1787) , Fig. 72).

16. Size small; Krauss’s organ absent; hind border of pronotum with spines; wings absent or very small ........ 17.

— Size medium to large; Krauss’s organ present ( Fig. 90A, B); hind border of pronotum without spines; wings present ............................................................................................................................................ 18.

17. Hind wings absent; upper carina of hind femora provided with spines ( Fig. 88C View FIG ) .......... Finotia Bonnet, 1884 (only one species known in Tunisia, Finotia spinicollis Bonnet, 1884 , Fig. 65 View FIG ).

— Hind wings present; upper carina of hind femora undulate and slightly decline toward the apex ( Fig. 88D View FIG ) .................................................................................................................................. Ocneridia Bolívar, 1912 . (only one species known in Tunisia, Ocneridia nigropunctata ( Lucas, 1849) , Fig. 66).

18. Prosternum process with pointed tubercles ( Fig. 83A, B View FIG ) .......................................................................... 19.

— Prosternum process without pointed tubercles .......................................................................................... 20.

19. Prosternum process with two pointed tubercles ( Fig. 83A View FIG ) .................................. Euryparyphes Fischer, 1853 . (Only one species known in Tunisia, Euryparyphes sitifensis ( Brisout de Barneville, 1854) , Fig. 64 View FIG ).

— Prosternum process with four pointed tubercles ( Fig. 83B View FIG ) ........................ Paraeuryparyphes La Greca, 1993 . (Only one species known in Tunisia, Paraeuryparyphes quadridentatus ( Brisout de Barneville, 1852) , Fig. 71 View FIG ).

20. Hind femora with a pre-genicular narrowing less evident; colour variable, between grey and greenish, mottled with white; pronotum highly tectiform ( Fig. 80B View FIG ); integument slightly rugose; hind tibiae hairless .......................................................................................................... Pamphagus Thunberg, 1815 .......... 44.

— Hind femurs slender, with a pre-genicular narrowing more evident; colour brownish; pronotum less tectiform; integument strongly rugose; hind tibiae hairy............................................................................................. 21.

21. Male subgenital plate not divided into two parts ( Fig. 93A View FIG ); hind border of epiphallus monolobate................ ................................................................................................................... Acinipe Rambur, 1838 .......... 43.

— Male subgenital plate divided into two parts ( Fig. 93B View FIG ); hind border of epiphallus bilobate ( Fig. 96A View FIG ) ....................................................................................... Paracinipe Descamps & Mounassif, 1972 .......... 45.

22. Size small (9.6-19.3 mm); elytra, wings and tympanum absent ............................ Pamphagulus Uvarov, 1929 (only one species known in Tunisia, Pamphagulus bodenheimeri dumonti Uvarov, 1929 , Fig. 61).

— Size medium to large (> 20mm); elytra and wings fully developed; tympanum present .............................. ............................................................................................................ Dericorys Serville, 1838 .......... 46.

23. Ash-brown colored; pronotum tectiform, constricted; median carina slightly raised; wings with a large brown fascia ............................................................................................................................... Anacridium Uvarov, 1923 (only one species known in Tunisia, Anacridium aegyptium ( Linnaeus, 1764) , Fig. 11).

— Sand colored; pronotum subcylindrical, median carina not raised; wings transparent ....... Schistocerca Stål, 1873 (only one species known in Tunisia, Schistocerca gregaria gregaria ( Forskål, 1775) , Fig. 12).

24. Presence of a black ‘tear’ under the eyes; hind leg colourful; hind femur outer side with a longitudinal black band ( Fig. 88G View FIG ); hind femur inner and outer sides without black spots ............... Eyprepocnemis Fieber, 1853 (only one species known in Tunisia, Eyprepocnemis plorans plorans ( Charpentier, 1825) , Fig. 18).

— No black ‘tear’ under the eyes; hind tibia and tarsus red; hind femur outer side without a longitudinal black band; hind femur inner and outer sides with two black spot ( Fig. 88H View FIG ) ..... Heteracris Walker, 1870 .......... 47.

25. Body large (> 40mm); head strongly elongate ( Fig. 80F View FIG ) ............................................................................ 26.

— Body of small size (<30mm); head not elongated ( Fig. 80E View FIG ) ..................................... Duroniella Bolívar, 1908 (only one species known in southern Tunisia, Duroniella lucasii ( Bolívar, 1881) , Fig. 4).

26. Lateral carina of pronotum straight and slightly incurved in metazona; wings greenish in male and female without small macules; inner face of male and female femora without stridulatory comb; arolium large ( Fig. 81F) ....... ..................................................................................................................................... Acrida Linnaeus, 1758 (only one species known in Tunisia Acrida turrita ( Linnaeus, 1758) , Fig. 3).

— Lateral carina of pronotum incurved down in metazona; wing base pink and purplish in female, greenish in male, with several small macules in both sexes; inner side of male and female femora with a stridulatory comb ( Fig. 90A); arolium small to medium size ( Fig. 81 D-E) ............ Truxalis Fabricius, 1775 .......... 50.

27. Middle leg twice as long as fore leg; inner spurs of hind tibia strongly elongated ( Fig. 91C); arolium vestigial .............................................................................................................................. Eremogryllus Krauss, 1902 (only one species known in Tunisia Eremogryllus hammadae Krauss, 1902 , Fig. 15 View FIG ).

— Middle leg not elongate; spurs of hind tibia short; claws short; arolium about half the claws length ............... .................................................................................................................. Notopleura Krauss, 1902 ..........51.

28. Antenna ensiform; head conical ................................................................... Ochrilidia Stål, 1873 .......... 52.

— Antenna filiform; head subconical ............................................................................................................. 29.

29. Lateral carina of pronotum angularly incurved; dorsum with X-shaped ( Fig. 79A View FIG ) .................................... ......................................................................................................... Dociostaurus Fieber, 1853 .......... 54.

— Lateral carina slightly incurved; dorsum without X-shaped .................................... Stenohippus Uvarov, 1926 (only one species known in Tunisia Stenohippus mundus ( Walker, 1871) , Fig. 28).

30. Median carina strongly tectiform in prozona; upper carina of femur drop in apical part ( Fig. 88I View FIG ) .................. ............................................................................................................... Oedipoda Latreille, 1829 .......... 59.

— Median carina with different shape but not only tectiform in prozona; upper carina of femur never drop in api- cal part ( Fig. 88J View FIG ) ..................................................................................................................................... 31.

31. Median carina tectiform in prozona and metazona .................................................................................... 32.

— Median carina with different shape but not tectiform in both parts of pronotum ...................................... 33.

32. Pronotum above with X-shaped ( Fig. 79B View FIG ); median carina not interrupted by transverse posterior groove; hind wings yellowish with one dark fascia ............................................. Oedaleus Fieber, 1853 .......... 60.

— Pronotum above without X-shaped; median carina interrupted by transverse posterior groove; hind wings brightly coloured by red at base with one or two dark fascia .................................................................................. 34.

33. Size medium; body thickset; hind wings brightly coloured and red at base with long dark fascia .................................................................................................................... Scintharista Saussure, 1884 (only one species known in Tunisia Scintharista notabilis notabilis ( Walker, 1870) , Fig. 45).

— Small to medium size; body not thickset; hind wings brightly coloured at base by red in female and yellow in male, with short dark fascia in both sexes ............................................................... Mioscirtus Saussure, 1888 (only one species known in Tunisia Mioscirtus wagneri wagneri ( Eversmann, 1859) , Fig. 40).

34. Inner spurs of hind tibia longer than the first tarsal segment ( Fig. 92 View FIG E-F) ................................................. 35.

— Inner spurs of hind tibia never exceeding the half-length of first basal tarsal segment ( Fig. 91D); slightly longer than outer spurs ........................................................................................................................................ 36.

35. Median carina of pronotum distinct in prozona; inner spurs of hind tibia slightly shorter than half-length of basal tarsal segment ( Fig. 91E) ............................................................................................................ ................................................................................................... Leptopternis Saussure, 1884 .......... 61.

— Median carina in prozona obliterate; spurs of hind tibia longer than half-length of basal tarsal segment ( Fig. 91F) ............................................................................................................ Hyalorrhipis Saussure, 1884 (only one species known in Tunisia Hyalorrhipis calcarata ( Vosseler, 1902) , Fig. 37 View FIG ).

36. Fastigium of vertex above concave with well developed lateral carinula; fastigial faveoale trapezoidal ( Fig. 78E View FIG ) .................................................................................................................... Aiolopus Fieber, 1853 .......... 62.

— Fastigium of vertex above slightly concave, lateral carinula obliterate; fastigial faveoale of different shaped but not trapezoidal ......................................................................................................................................... 37.

37. Wing strongly widened, venation strongly thickened; third vannal vein bifurcate at apex ( Fig. 86).................. ............................................................................................................ Helioscirtus Saussure, 1884 .......... 63.

— Wing slightly widened, venation normal and not strongly thickened; third vannal vein not bifurcate ....... 38.

38. Pronotum short and strongly saddle-shaped ............................................... Acrotylus Fieber, 1853 .......... 64.

— Pronotum not short and slightly saddle-shaped or different shape ............................................................. 39.

39. Branches of cubital vein of elytron incurved ( Fig. 84A View FIG ) ............................................. Hilethera Uvarov, 1923 . (Only one species known in Tunisia Hilethera aeolopoides ( Uvarov, 1922) , Fig. 36).

— Branches of cubital vein of elytron not incurved ( Fig. 84B View FIG ) ....................................................................... 40.

40. Hind femur short, widened and hairy ................................................ Thalpomena Saussure, 1884 .......... 74.

— Hind femur moderately elongate, slender and almost hairless ................................................................... 41.

41. Median carina of pronotum slightly raised in prozona .................................. Sphingoderus Bey-Bienko, 1950 . (Only one species known in Tunisia Sphingoderus carinatus ( Saussure, 1888) , Fig. 46).

— Median carina of pronotum absent ........................................................ Sphingonotus Fieber, 1852 .......... 66.

42. Elytra enlarged at base .............................................................. Pyrgomorpha conica ( Olivier, 1791) ( Fig. 75).

— Elytra less enlarged at base ........................................................ Pyrgomorpha cognata Krauss, 1877 . ( Fig. 74).

43. Median carina curved ........................................................................ Acinipe calabra ( Costa, 1836) ( Fig. 63 View FIG ).

— Median carina slightly curved .............................. Acinipe algeriensis Descamps & Mounassif, 1972 ( Fig. 62 View FIG ).

44. Metasternal interspace in females between 2.0 and 3.0 times wider than long ................................................ ................................................................... Pamphagus meridionalis Descamps & Mounassif, 1972 ( Fig. 67).

— Metasternal interspace in females between 1.5 and 2.5 times wider than long ................................................. ................................................................................................. Pamphagus tunetanus Vosseler, 1902 ( Fig. 68).

45. Head, pronotum, metanotum and first abdominal tergites with many impressed points; sometimes pronotum covered by a net-work of raised carinulae; aedeagus valves stout, epiphallus with few big spines, and hind border deeply concave ( Fig. 97A, B View FIG ) ...................................... Paracinipe saharae ( Pictet & Saussure, 1893) ( Fig. 70 View FIG ).

— Head smooth, often with some small white points and a network of carinulae behind the eyes; pronotum covered by more or less wide tubercles, evidently raised; fore and hind borders of the pronotum thick, with white and dark spots; aedeagus valves slender, epiphallus with small spines and hind border concave ( Fig. 96A, B View FIG )........... ......................................................................................... Paracinipe foreli ( Pictet & Saussure, 1893) ( Fig. 69).

46. Wings tinted at base with bright pink ............................. Dericorys millierei Bonnet & Finot, 1884 ( Fig. 60).

— Wings yellowish-green with a smoky spot at the tip ..................... Dericorys albidula Serville, 1838 . ( Fig. 59).

47. Subgenital plate bilobate at apex ( Fig. 95B) ........ Heteracris adspersa adspersa ( Redtenbacher, 1889) ( Fig. 19).

— Subgenital plate of different shapes but not bilobate at apex ..................................................................... 48.

48. Size large: males 28-30, females 40-50 ......................................... Heteracris harterti ( Bolívar, 1913) ( Fig. 21 View FIG ).

— Size small to medium: males <28-30, females <40-50 ............................................................................. 49.

49. Size medium: males 18.7 - 25.7 mm (mean 22.8), females 33.1-43.3 mm (mean 34); femora slender: males 2.79-4.21 mm (3.33), females 4.43-5.40 mm (mean 5.05) (measurements after Grunshaw 1991)................. ...................................................................................... Heteracris annulosa annulosa Walker, 1870 ( Fig. 20).

— Size small: males 17.0- 21.4 mm (mean 19.9), females 24.5-28.3 mm (mean 26.16); femora slender: males 2.22-3.03 mm (2.60), females 3.22-4.36 mm (mean 3.62) (measurements after Grunshaw 1991) ................. .................................................................................................... Heteracris minuta ( Uvarov, 1921) ( Fig. 22).

50. Arolium small, shorter than half spurs ( Fig. 81D) .......................... Truxalis nasuta ( Linnaeus, 1758) ( Fig. 5).

— Arolium longer than half spurs ( Fig. 81E) ............................................... Truxalis procera Klug, 1830 ( Fig. 6.

51. Prozona without lateral carina; furcal suture of mesosternum not curved backward ( Fig. 87E View FIG ) ....................... ................................................................................................ Notopleura pygmaea Vosseler, 1902 . ( Fig. 16).

— Prozona with lateral carina; furcal suture of mesosternum slightly curved backward ( Fig. 87F View FIG ) ....................... .................................................................................................... Notopleura saharica Krauss, 1902 ( Fig. 17).

52. Temporal foveolae visible from above; black spot on inner knee of hind femora ........................................ ........................................................................................... Ochrilidia geniculata ( Bolívar, 1913) ( Fig. 25).

— Temporal foveolae not visible from above; inner knee of hind femora uncolored ...................................... 53.

53. Lateral lobes of pronotum with a white spot .................... Ochrilidia harterti harterti ( Bolívar, 1913) ( Fig. 27 View FIG ).

— Lateral lobes of pronotum without a white spot ................ Ochrilidia gracilis gracilis ( Krauss, 1902) ( Fig. 26 View FIG ).

54. Stridulatory comb ( Fig. 90B) with 26-42 teeth (mean 33) in female and with 33-52 teeth (mean 43) in male ......................................................................... Dociostaurus (Kazakia) jagoi jagoi Soltani, 1978 ( Fig. 24).

— Stridulatory comb with 55-74 teeth (mean 64) in female and with 67-93 teeth (mean 78) in male ............ .............................................................................. Dociostaurus biskrensis Moussi & Petit, 2014 ( Fig. 23 View FIG ).

55. Mesosternal suture arcuate between mesosternal lobes ( Fig. 87B View FIG ) .............................................................. ............................................................................................... Egnatioides striatus Vosseler, 1902 ( Fig. 13 View FIG ).

— Mesosternal suture straight between mesosternal lobes ( Fig. 87B View FIG ) .............................................................. ........................................................................................... Egnatioides coerulans ( Krauss, 1893) ( Fig. 14).

56. Lateral carena absent; wings colorless ...................................................................... Sphodromerus Stål, 1873 . (Only one species known in Tunisia Sphodromerus decoloratus Finot, 1894 , Fig. 10 View FIG ).

— Lateral carena present; wings more or less pinkish ................................ Calliptamus Serville, 1831 .......... 57.

57. Wings faintly pinkish and sometimes hyaline .......................... Calliptamus deserticola Vosseler, 1902 ( Fig. 8).

— Wings clearly tinted with pink ................................................................................................................. 58.

58. Inner side of posterior femur with a single large black spot ( Fig. 89C) ............................................................ ..................................................................................... Calliptamus barbarus barbarus ( Costa, 1836) ( Fig. 7).

— Inner side of posterior femur with two small black spots ( Fig. 89D) ............................................................... ........................................................................................ Calliptamus wattenwylianus ( Pantel, 1896) ( Fig. 9).

59. Wing brightly colored with pink, with dark fascia ........ Oedipoda miniata mauritanica Lucas, 1849 ( Fig. 44).

— Wing brightly colored with yellowish, with dark fascia .......... Oedipoda fuscocincta fuscocincta Lucas, 1849 ( Fig. 43).

60. Pronotum posterior margin angular ( Fig. 79B View FIG ) ............................. Oedaleus decorus (Germar, 1825) ( Fig. 41).

— Pronotum posterior margin rounded ....................................... Oedaleus senegalensis ( Krauss, 1877) ( Fig. 42).

61. Hind wings with black spot .................................................... Leptopternis maculata Vosseler, 1902 ( Fig. 38).

— Hind wings without black spot .............................................. Leptopternis rothschildi Bolívar, 1913 ( Fig. 39).

62. Hind wings with a smoky spot at the tip; hind femur thick Aiolopus strepens strepens ( Latreille, 1804) ( Fig. 33).

— Hind wings without a smoky spot at the tip; hind femur slender ... Aiolopus puissanti Defaut, 2005 ( Fig. 32).

63. Vertex one and a half times wider than frontal side ................................................................................. ..................................................................... Helioscirtus capsitanus capsitanus ( Bonnet, 1884) ( Fig. 34 View FIG ).

— Vertex narrower between the eyes ................................................ Helioscirtus gracilis Vosseler, 1902 ( Fig. 35).

64. Median carina incised by one sulci; hind wing yellowish at base without black spot; middle leg twice as long as the foreleg ................................................................ Acrotylus longipes longipes (Charpentier, 1845) ( Fig. 30).

— Median carina incised by two sulci; hind wing red at base with back spot; middle leg not elongate .......... 65.

65. Antenna longer than head and pronotum together; pronotum between first and second sulcus flat (lateral view); black band on hind wing big; arolium between tarsal claws large and triangular ............................................. ..................................................................................... Acrotylus patruelis (Herrich-Schäffer, 1838) ( Fig. 31).

— Antenna not longer than head and pronotum together; pronotum between first en second sulcus elevated (lateral view), black band on hind wing smaller; arolium between tarsal claws small ............................................ ................................................................................. Acrotylus insubricus insubricus ( Scopoli, 1786) ( Fig. 29).

66. Hind wing with one or two dark fascia of different size ............................................................................ 67.

— Hind wing without dark fascia .................................................................................................................. 72.

67. Hind wings tinted at base with bright red, with two fascias (one medial, one apapical) .................................. ................................................................. Sphingonotus (Sphingonotus) octofasciatus ( Serville, 1838) ( Fig. 52).

— Hind wings bluish at base or transparent with one fascia ........................................................................... 68.

68. Supra-anal plate with a horseshoe-shaped ridge at apex ( Fig. 94B) .................................................................. ............................................................ Sphingonotus (Parasphingonotus) radioserratus Johnsen, 1985 ( Fig. 50).

— Supra-anal plate variable in shape but not horseshoe-shaped at apex ......................................................... 69.

69. Hind wings with a very large black fascia, located in the middle but extended almost always to the base ........ ................................................................ Sphingonotus (Neosphingonotus) tricinctus ( Walker, 1870) ( Fig. 49).

— Hind wings with black fascia variable in size but not very large ................................................................ 70.

70. Prozona median carina raised; hind wings bluish at base ................................................................................ ........................................................................... Sphingonotus (Sphingonotus) lucasii Saussure, 1888 ( Fig. 41).

— Prozona median carina not raised ............................................................................................................. 71.

71. Intercalary vein smooth ( Fig. 85A View FIG ) .... Sphingonotus (Neosphingonotus) paradoxus Bey-Bienko, 1948 ( Fig. 48).

— Intercalary vein serrated ( Fig. 85B View FIG ) .................. Sphingonotus (Sphingonotus) savignyi Saussure, 1884 ( Fig. 54).

72. Prozona with a pair of calluses on both sides of the median carina in front of the typical groove ( Fig. 79C View FIG ) ... .......................................................................... Sphingonotus (Sphingonotus) vosseleri Krauss, 1902 ( Fig. 55).

— Prozona without a pair of calluses on both sides of the median carina in front of the typical groove ......... 73.

73. Veins in anal part of hind wing all thickened ............................................................................................ .......................................................... Sphingonotus (Neosphingonotus) finotianus ( Saussure, 1885) ( Fig. 47).

— Veins in anal part of hind wing not thickened ........................................................................................... ................................................... Sphingonotus (Sphingonotus) rubescens rubescens ( Walker, 1870) ( Fig. 53).

74. Hind wings tinted at the base with pink; with one black-brown fascia with a cubutal extension towards the base of the hind wing......................................................... Thalpomena algeriana algeriana ( Lucas, 1849) ( Fig. 56).

— Hind wings bluish at the base; without black-brown fascia ... Thalpomena coerulescens Uvarov, 1923 ( Fig. 57).

References

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BOLIVAR I. 1881. - Notas entomologicas. Vl. Especies nuevas de Ortopteros de Argelia. Anales de la Sociedad Espanola de Historia Natural 10: 499 - 507.

BOLIVAR I. 1904. - Notas sobre los pirgomorfidos (Pyrgomorphidae). VI. Poecilocerinae. VII. Pyrgomorphinae. Boletin de la Real Sociedad Espanola de Historia Natural 4: 432 - 459.

BOLIVAR I. 1908. - Note sur les Orthopteres recueillis par M. Henri Gadeau de Kerville en Khroumirie (Tunisie). Gadeau de Kerville, Voyage en Khroumirie, Paris, Bailliere et fils, 117 - 128.

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Figures

FIG. 78. — Head, dorsal view: A, Tuarega insignis (Lucas, 1851) (male); B, Pamphagus tunetanus Vosseler, 1902 (male); C, Pyrgomorpha conica (female) (Olivier, 1791); D, Euchorthippus albolineatus albolineatus (Lucas, 1849) (female);E, Aiolopus strepens strepens (Latreille, 1804) (female);F, Stenohippus mundus (Walker, 1871) (female). Scale bars: 2 mm. Photos: H. Tlili.

FIG. 88. — Hind leg outer side: A, Pamphagus tunetanus Vosseler, 1902 (female); B, Paracinipe foreli (Pictet & Saussure,1893) (female);C, Finotia spinicollis Bonnet,1884 (male);D, Ocneridia nigropunctata (Lucas,1849) (female);E, Pyrgomorpha conica (Olivier,1791) (female);F, Calliptamus barbarus barbarus (Costa,1836) (female);G, Eyprepocnemis plorans plorans (Charpentier,1825) (female);H, Heteracris harterti (Bolívar,1913) (female);I, Oedipoda miniata mauritanica Lucas,1849 (female); J, Sphingonotus (Parasphingonotus) radioserratus Johnsen, 1985 (male); K, Truxalis nasuta (Linnaeus, 1758) (female). Scale bars: 1 cm. Photos: H. Tlili.

FIG. 80. — Head shape, lateral view: A, Pyrgomorpha conica (Olivier, 1791) (male); B, Pamphagus tunetanus Vosseler,1902 (male); C, Dericorys millierei Bonnet & Finot, 1884 (female);D, Scintharista notabilis notabilis (Walker,1870) (male); E, Duroniella lucasii Saussure, 1888 (male); F, Acrida turrita (Linnaeus, 1758) (female). Scale bars: 1 cm. Photos: H. Tlili.

FIG. 92. — Krauss’s organ morphology of Paracinipe foreli (Pictet & Saussure, 1893) (female): A, thorax and first abdominal segments, lateral view; B, higher magnifications of Krauss’s organ. Scale bar: 1 cm. Photo: © H. Tlili.

FIG. 82. — Prosternal process: A, Eyprepocnemis plorans plorans (Charpentier, 1825) (female), process present; B, Oedipoda miniata mauritanica Lucas, 1849 (female), process absent. Arrow: prosternal process. Scale bars: 2 mm. Photos: H. Tlili.

FIG. 87. — Metasternum shape and mesosternal suture: A, Egnatioides coerulans (Krauss, 1893) (female); B, Egnatioides striatus Vosseler,1902 (female); C, Leptopternis rothschildi Bolívar, 1913 (male); D, Oedipoda miniata mauritanica Lucas, 1849 (female); E, Notopleura pygmaea Vosseler, 1902 (female) (after Vosseler 1902a); F, Notopleura saharica Krauss, 1902 (female). Scale bars: 2 mm. Photos: H. Tlili.

FIG. 65. — Habitus of Finotia spinicollis Bonnet, 1884: A, B, female type from Sfax, Tunisia, dorsal view (A), lateral view (B); C, D, male from Sfax, Tunisia, dorsal view (C), lateral view (D). Scale bars: 1 cm. Photos: S. Poulin.

FIG. 83. — Shape of prosternal process: A, prosternum process of Euryparyphes sitifensis (Brisout de Barneville, 1854) (female) with two pointed tubercles;

FIG. 64. — Habitus of Euryparyphes sitifensis (Brisout de Barneville, 1854): A, B, female from Oran,Algeria, dorsal view (A), lateral view (B); C, D, male from Oran, Algeria, dorsal view (C), lateral view (D). Scale bars: 1 cm. Photos: H. Tlili.

FIG. 71. — Habitus of Paraeuryparyphes quadridentatus (Brisout de Barneville, 1852): A, B, female from Boulemane, Morocco, dorsal view (A), lateral view (B); C, D, male from Boulemane, Morocco, dorsal view (C), lateral view (D). Scale bars: 1 cm. Photos: H. Tlili.

FIG. 93. — Male subgenital plate, lateral view: A, Acinipe algeriensis Descamps & Mounassif, 1972; B, Paracinipe foreli (Pictet & Saussure, 1893). Scale bars: 5 mm. Photos: H. Tlili.

FIG. 96. — Phallic complex of Paracinipe foreli (Pictet & Saussure, 1893), dorsal view (A), lateral view (B). Scale bars: 1 mm. Photos: H. Tlili.

FIG. 15. — Habitus of Eremogryllus hammadae Krauss, 1902: A, B, female from Tangarfa, Morocco, dorsal view (A), lateral view (B); C, D, male from Djerba, Tunisia, dorsal view (C), lateral view (D). Scale bars: 1 cm. Photos: H. Tlili.

FIG. 79. — Head and pronotum, dorsal view: A, Dociostaurus (Kasakia) jagoi jagoi Soltani,1978 (male);B, Oedaleus decorus (Germar, 1825) (male); C, Sphingonotus (Sphingonotus) vosseleri Krauss, 1902 (female). Arrows: pair of calluses. Scale bars: 5 mm. Photos: H. Tlili.

FIG. 37. — Habitus of Hyalorrhipis calcarata (Vosseler, 1902): A, B, female from Sudan, dorsal view (A), lateral view (B); C, D, male from Bechar, Algeria, dorsal view (C), lateral view (D). Scale bars: 1 cm. Photos: H. Tlili.

FIG. 84. — Tegminal cubital vein: A, Hilethera aeolopoides (Uvarov, 1922) (male); B, Sphingonotus (Neosphingonotus) finotianus (Saussure, 1885) (female). Scale bars: 1 cm. Photos: H. Tlili.

FIG. 63. — Habitus of Acinipe calabra (Costa, 1836): A, B, female from Kroumirie, Tunisia, dorsal view (A), lateral view (B); C, D, male from Tebersouk, Tunisia, dorsal view (C), lateral view (D). Scale bars: 1 cm. Photos: H. Tlili.

FIG. 62. — Habitus of Acinipe algeriensis Descamps & Mounassif, 1972: A, B, female allotype from Laghouat, Algeria, dorsal view (A), lateral view (B); C, D, male holotype from Laghouat, Algeria, dorsal view (C), lateral view (D). Scale bars: 1 cm. Photos: S. Poulin.

FIG. 97. — Phallic complex of Paracinipe saharae (Pictet & Saussure, 1891), dorsal view (A), lateral view (B). Scale bars: 1 mm. Photos: H. Tlili.

FIG. 70. — Habitus of Paracinipe saharae (Pictet & Saussure, 1893): A, B, female from Gafsa, Tunisia, dorsal view (A), lateral view (B); C, D, male from Gafsa, Tunisia, dorsal view (C), lateral view (D). Scale bars: 1 cm. Photos: H. Tlili.

FIG. 21. — Habitus of Heteracris harterti (Bolívar,1913): A, B, female from Biskra, Algeria, dorsal view (A), lateral view (B); C, D, male from Soro, Chad, dorsal view (C), lateral view (D). Scale bars: 1 cm. Photos: H. Tlili.

FIG. 27. — Habitus of Ochrilidia harterti harterti (Bolívar, 1913): A, B, female from Laghouat, Algeria, dorsal view (A), lateral view (B); C, D, male from Bechar, Algeria, dorsal view (C), lateral view (D). Scale bars: 1 cm. Photos: H. Tlili.

FIG. 26. — Habitus of Ochrilidia gracilis gracilis (Krauss,1902): A, B, female from Sidi Bouzid,Tunisia,dorsal view (A), lateral view (B); C, D, male from Sidi Bouzid, Tunisia, dorsal view (C), lateral view (D). Scale bars: 1 cm. Photos: H. Tlili

FIG. 23. — Habitus of Dociostaurus biskrensis Moussi & Petit, 2014: A, B, female from Gafsa, Tunisia, dorsal view (A), lateral view (B); C, D, male from Gafsa, Tunisia, dorsal view (C), lateral view (D). Scale bars: 1 cm. Photos: H. Tlili.

FIG. 13. — Habitus of Egnatioides striatus Vosseler, 1902: A, B, female from Medea, Algeria, dorsal view (A), lateral view (B); C, D, male from Midelt, Morocco; dorsal view (C), lateral view (D). Scale bars: 1 cm. Photos: H. Tlili.

FIG. 10. — Habitus of Sphodromerus decoloratus Finot, 1894: A, B, female from Gabes, Tunisia,dorsal view (A), lateral view (B) (Photo © H. Tlili); C, D, male from Biskra, Algeria, dorsal view (C), lateral view (D). Scale bars: 1 cm. Photos: S. Poulin.

FIG. 34. — Habitus of Helioscirtus capsitanus capsitanus (Bonnet, 1884): A, B, male from Laghouat, Algeria, dorsal view (A), lateral view (B). Scale bars: 1 cm. Photos: H. Tlili.

FIG. 85. — Tegminal stridulatory apparatus: A, Sphingonotus (Neosphingonotus) paradoxus Bey-Bienko, 1948 (male); B, Sphingonotus (Sphingonotus) savignyi Saussure, 1884 (male). Scale bars: 1 cm. Photos: H. Tlili.