Eucnemidae, sensu Muona, 1993

Muona, Jyrki & Teräväinen, Marianna, 2020, A Re-evaluation of the Eucnemidae larval characters (Coleoptera), Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 60 (28), pp. 1-13 : 5

Eucnemidae : Palaeoxeninae

( Figs. 2E , 7A )

Head capsule wide,flattened,smooth(c84),undivided (c83), forming a semi-circular disk with lateral tooth-like projections, antennae located in deep pits between front tooth and first lateral tooth ( Fig. 2E ) as in all Eucnemidae except Perothopinae (c85), in contrast to all other discussed taxa.Labrum fused to head without trace of clypeolabral suture as in all Eucnemidae except Phyllocerinae and Pseudomenini (c88). Number of antennomeres reduced as in all Eucnemidae except Phyllocerinae and Pseudomeninae , in contrast to Elateridae , Cerophytidae and Throscidae (86). Mandibles fused to front teeth withouttraceofsutures,auniquefeature( Fig.2F ).Maxillolabial complex completely fused with epicranium as in other Eucnemidae except Perothopinae , Pseudomeninae and Anischiinae , contrary to Cerophytidae and Throscidae (separate, but incapable of movement) and Elateridae (freely movable) (c100). Presternum subtriangular, pigmented, with paired oblique endocarinae, similar to that of Pseudomeninae . Legs present as single setae only as in most Eucnemidae , contrary to Perothopinae , Phyllocerinae , Pseudomeninae , Anischiinae and all non-eucnemids discussed. Abdominal segments with microtrichial patches, without areoles, segment IX with small urogomphi. Spiracles with closing apparatus as in other Eucnemidae , all Cerophytidae and Throscidae , in contrast to Elateridae .

Figures

Figure 2.Eucnemidae,larvalheads.(A,B) Pseudomenesbakewelli(Bonvouloir),ventral,dorsal;(C,D)Schizophilussubrufus(Randall),ventral,dorsal;(E)Palaeoxenusdohrnii (Horn)dorsal,detailventral;(F)AnischiakuscheliLawrence,ventral.a=antenna,bt=basaltooth,ft=front tooth,l=labrum,lt=lateraltooth,m=mandible,n=nasale.

Figure 7. Eucnemidae, larval heads, ventral. (A) Palaeoxenus dohrnii (Horn); (B) Pseudomenes bakewelli (Bonvouloir); (C) Schizophilus subrufus (Randall); (D) Asiocnemis mcclayi Muona; (E) Melasis pectinicornis Melsheimer; (F) Rhagomicrus bonvouloiri (Say). bt = basal tooth, lt = lateral tooth, m = mentum, pps = posterior presternal sclerite,ps = presternum,sm = submentum,vs = ventral suture.