Paradiopatra antarctica Budaeva & Fauchald, 2011

Budaeva, Nataliya & Fauchald, Kristian, 2011, Phylogeny of the Diopatra generic complex with a revision of Paradiopatra Ehlres, 1887 (Polychaeta: Onuphidae), Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 163 (2), pp. 319-436 : 348-350

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2011.00701.x

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10545824

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03896E0A-FFCC-FFD6-FCBE-FD48D9929CD1

treatment provided by

Valdenar

scientific name

Paradiopatra antarctica
status

comb. nov.

PARADIOPATRA ANTARCTICA ( MONRO, 1930) View in CoL COMB. NOV. ( FIGS 17 View Figure 17 AND 18; TABLE 4)

Leptoecia antarctica Monro, 1930: 133–135 View in CoL , fig. 50a–i.

Paronuphis antarctica Hartman, 1964: 117 View in CoL , pl. XXXIV, figs 13, 14; Hartman, 1967a: 96–97, pl. 31; Hartman, 1967b: 208; Averincev, 1972: 179.

Notonuphis antarctica Kucheruk, 1978: 91–93 View in CoL ,; Orensanz, 1990: 36–38, pl. 6, chart 1C; Paxton, 1986a: 35–36, fig. 21.

Non-type material examined: USNM 058411 About USNM , Eltanin St. 428 (20) ; USNM 097890 About USNM , Eltanin St. 138 (two) ; USNM 097891 About USNM , Eltanin St. 419 (eight) ; USNM 097892 About USNM , Eltanin St. 426 (three) ; USNM 097893 About USNM , Eltanin St. 432 (three) ; USNM 097894 About USNM , Eltanin St. 444 (one) ; USNM 097895 About USNM , Eltanin St. 539 (one) ; USNM 097896 About USNM , Eltanin St. 1002 (12) ; USNM 097897 About USNM , Eltanin St. 1078 (four) ; USNM 097898 About USNM , Eltanin St. 1079 (10) ; USNM 097899 About USNM , Eltanin St. 1082 (eight) ; USNM 097900 About USNM , Islas Orcada St. 115, 60.54°S, 41.38°W, 576–671 m, 17 February 1976 (five) GoogleMaps ; USNM 097901 About USNM , Hero St. 17-1, 62.16°S, 57.74°W, 618–625 m, 1 April 1983 (one) GoogleMaps ; USNM 097902 About USNM , Hero St. 18-1, 62.69°S, 56.3°W, 218–248 m, 1 April 1983 (two) GoogleMaps ; USNM 097903 About USNM , Eltanin St. 428 (15) ; USNM 097904 About USNM , Eltanin St. 997 (15) ; USNM, Eastwind St. 9 (33); St. 9A (one); St. 11 (seven); St. 15 (four); St. 31 (eight); St. 44 (three) .

Type locality: Southern Ocean, South Shetland Islands 63.292°S, 61.283°W, 1080 m, mud and stones ( Monro, 1930) GoogleMaps .

Diagnosis: First four pairs of parapodia with pseudocompound uni- and weakly bidentate falcigers with moderately long pointed hoods; ventral cirri subulate on first three chaetigers; subacicular hooks starting from chaetiger 9; branchiae absent; frontal lips large and spherical, located ventrally; eyes absent; peristomial cirri absent.

Description: Most specimens lacking posterior regions; two complete specimens 1.3 and 1.5 mm wide consisting of 94 and 104 chaetigers, respectively. Width of all examined specimens varying from 1.2 to 1.6 mm. Colour of alcohol-preserved specimens light brownish, without distinct pattern.

Prostomium rounded with large spherical, slightly flattened, frontal lips located ventrally ( Fig. 17B View Figure 17 ). Palps reaching chaetiger 1, lateral antennae reaching chaetigers 6–8, median antenna short, reaching chaetigers 2 or 3. Both palpophores and antennophores with four or five prominent rings; lateral projections absent ( Fig. 17A, B View Figure 17 ). Nuchal grooves slightly curved, covered by the anterior fold of peristomium. Eyes absent. Peristomium slightly shorter than first chaetiger. Peristomial cirri absent ( Fig. 17A, B View Figure 17 ).

First three pairs of parapodia modified, projecting lateroventrally and directing anteriorly ( Fig. 17B View Figure 17 ). Prechaetal lobes rounded; postchaetal lobes digitiform to triangular ( Fig. 17C View Figure 17 ), present on first eight chaetigers, later completely reducing. Ventral cirri subulate on first three chaetigers, later replaced by paired broad oval-to-square ventral glandular pads. All cirri and postchaetal lobes on anterior modified parapodia thick, with wide basal parts.

Anterior four pairs of parapodia with pseudocompound uni- to weakly bidentate falcigers with indistinct subdistal teeth ( Fig. 17C–E View Figure 17 ). Falcigers with moderately long pointed hoods. First three pairs of parapodia with one or two dorsal simple capillary chaetae and five or six pseudocompound falcigers ( Fig. 17C View Figure 17 ). Fourth pair of parapodia with dorsal limbate chaetae, usually with only one pseudocompound falciger and three or four simple stout tapering chaetae. Parapodia with up to three or four dorsal, slender, simple limbate chaetae, and three or four ventral thick and stout limbate chaetae staring from chaetiger 5. Simple paired bidentate subacicular hooks starting from chaetiger 9. Pectinate chaetae with clearly oblique distal margin and up to 13–15 small teeth ( Fig. 17F View Figure 17 ). Neuroaciculae pale with pointed tips, between three and five in fascicle. Notoaciculae absent in all parapodia.

Branchiae absent. Mandibles thin with slender shafts. Cutting plates of all examined specimens missing. Maxillary formula of examined material (based on eight specimens): Mx I = 1 + 1; Mx II = 7– 9 + 7–11; Mx III = 8–10 + 0; Mx IV = 5–7 + 5–8; Mx V = 1 + 1. Maxillary formula according to Hartman (1967a): Mx I = 1 + 1; Mx II = 5 + 8; Mx III = 8 + 0; Mx IV = 7 + 8; Mx V = 1 + 1.

Pygidium with two pairs of anal cirri, dorsal cirri longer than ventral ones. Tubes long and rigid; cylindrical, with very tough inner layer and relatively thin external layer of mud particles.

Remarks: Paradiopatra abyssalis comb. nov. and P. minuta comb. nov. are the two other species in the genus known to lack peristomial cirri and branchiae. Paradiopatra antarctica comb. nov. differs from P. abyssalis comb. nov. in having four pairs of anterior parapodia with pseudocompound falcigers rather than three, in having three chaetigers with subulate ventral cirri rather than two, and in lacking lateral projections on ceratophores rather than having them. Paradiopatra antarctica comb. nov. can be distinguished from P. minuta comb. nov. by having pseudocompound rather than simple anterior falcigers.

Distribution: Antarctic and sub-Antarctic waters, north-west of Antarctic Peninsula, South Shetland Islands, Falkland Islands ( Fig. 18). Depth range 218–1427 m.

USNM

Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History

V

Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Annelida

Class

Polychaeta

Order

Eunicida

Family

Onuphidae

Genus

Paradiopatra

Loc

Paradiopatra antarctica

Budaeva, Nataliya & Fauchald, Kristian 2011
2011
Loc

Notonuphis antarctica

Orensanz JM 1990: 36
Paxton H 1986: 35
Kucheruk NV 1978: 93
1978
Loc

Paronuphis antarctica

Averincev VG 1972: 179
Hartman O 1967: 96
Hartman O 1967: 208
Hartman O 1964: 117
1964
Loc

Leptoecia antarctica

Monro CCA 1930: 135
1930
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