Caryocolum procurvella, Šumpich & Huemer & Bidzilya, 2020

Šumpich, Jan, Huemer, Peter & Bidzilya, Oleksiy, 2020, Review of Caryocolum (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) from the Russian Altai with description of two new species, Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 60 (1), pp. 65-76 : 69-71

Caryocolum procurvella sp. nov.

( Figs 7–9 , 18 )

Records. JUNNILAINEN et al. (2010, as C. repentis Huemer & Luquet, 1992); AKULOV et al. (2019, as C. repentis).

Type material. HOLOTYPE: ( NMPC): RUSSIA: ALTAI REPUBLIC: Belyashi (Dzhazator) env. (25 km NW), confluence of Argut and Karagem rivers, 49°51′56″N, 87°10′22″E, rocky steppe, 1400 m a.s.l. (Barcode NMPC-LEP-0373), J. Šumpich leg. PARATYPE: 1 ( NMPC): the same collecting data as holotype, gen. prep. Šumpich 19979. CHELIABINSK DISTRICT: Arkaim reserve near Amurskii village, 9.vii.1997, 1 (gen. prep. 00021901 J. Junnilainen), K. Nupponen & J. Junnilainen leg. ( JUNN).

Description. Adult ( Figs 7–9 ). Wingspan 11.5–12.5 mm. Segment 2 of labial palpus creamy suffused with brown scales on inner and outer surface, lighter near base; segment 3 black. Antenna unicolorous, black. Head and tegulae dark brown with dark bronze, close-fitting scales; thorax dark brown. Forewing dark brown in basal, costal and apical parts, subtly suffused with whitish scales; dorsum distinctly rusty, this light patch does not reach base; rusty scales indistinctly also in 2/3 from base; costal and tornal spots indistinct. Hindwing light grey, slightly darker near costa and apex.

Variation. In lighter specimens dorsum and costal and tornal spots can be more distinct.

Male genitalia ( Fig. 18 ). Uncus subrectangular, apically rounded; tegumen slender, comparatively greatly emarginate anteriorly; valva narrow, short, not reaching top of uncus, bluntly pointed; sacculus shorter and broad- er compared with valva, very slightly curved, apically pointed; posterior margin of vinculum with two medial triangular processes and two lateral digitate processes, approximately of same length as those in middle; saccus comparatively long, moderately extending towards base; phallus very long and slender, approximately twice longer compared to tegumen complex, S-curved, apex pointed, with some minute cornuti.

Female genitalia. Unknown.

Differential diagnosis. Caryocolum procurvella is externally similar to several species of the C. petryi group, particularly to C. repentis, C. baischi Huemer & Karsholt, 2010, and C. siculum Bella, 2008. It differs from these species in the indistinct costal and tornal spots, the unicolorous dark thorax, and the generally less contrasting appearance of forewings. Moreover, the rusty dorsal patch is separated from base in C. procurvella but associated with it in C. repentis and C. siculum. In the male genitalia, C. repentis is the most similar species but it has shorter (1/3 length of lateral) medial projection of the vinculum, a comparatively shorter saccus and an apically nearly rounded (rather than pointed as in C. procurvella ) valva (see e.g. HUEMER & KARSHOLT 2010). From other related species, C. procurvella differs in the shape of processes of the posterior margin of the vinculum and the significantly S-curved phallus.

Etymology. The species name is derived from the Latin word procurvus (curved), referring to the characteristic shape of the phallus; noun in apposition.

Biology. Unknown. Adults were collected in rocky steppe with sparse vegetation in 1400 m a.s.l. ( Figs 25–26 ). The closely related species C. repentis lives on Gypsophila repens L. ( Caryophyllaceae ), and it is expected that C. procurvella develops on Gypsophila species, too.

Molecular data. BIN BOLD: ADR6939 (n = 1, 1 public, 1 from the Altai). The nearest neighbours are C. repentis and C. baischi with 3.75% p-distance ( Table 1).

Distribution. Russia: the Altai Republic, Southern Ural and probably the Republic of Khakassia.

Remark. The record of C. repentis from the Republic of Khakassia ( AKULOV et al. 2019) most likely belongs to C. procurvella .

Figures

Figs 1–15. Adults of some Caryocolum species. 1 – C. arenariella (Benander, 1937), Dzhazator, male; 2 – C. cassella (Walker, 1864), Dzhazator, male; 3 – C. leucomelanella (Zeller, 1839), Chulyshman, male; 4 – C. mongolense Povolný, 1969, Beltir, male; 5 – C. petrophilum (Preissecker, 1914), Karagem, male; 6 – C. petryi (Hofmann, 1899), Karagem, female; 7–9 – C. procurvella sp. nov., males: 7 – Karagem, holotype; 8 – Karagem, paratype; 9 – S Ural, Arkaim, paratype; 10–12 – C. atrum sp. nov.: 10 – holotype, Ukok Plateau; 11–12 – paratypes: 11 – Beltir; 12 – Mongolia, Chövsgöl aimak; 13–15 – C. tetrameris (Meyrick, 1926): 13–14 – Dzhazator, males, 15 – Aktash, female.

Figs 17–20. Male genitalia of some Caryocolum species recorded from Altai Mts. 17 – C. mongolense Povolný, 1969, gen. prep. Bidzilya 192/18; 18 – C. procurvella sp. nov.; gen. prep. Šumpich 19979; 19 – C. atrum sp. nov., gen. prep. Huemer 1277; 20 – C. tetrameris (Meyrick, 1926), gen. prep. Šumpich 19985. Phalli to the same scale as genitalia.

Figs 24–28. Habitats of Caryocolum species in Altai Mts. 24 – Aktash, habitat of C. oculatella (Thomann, 1930) and C. tetrameris (Meyrick, 1926), the portable light trap in the middle of the photo; 25–26 – confluence of Argut and Karagem rivers, 25 km NW Dzhazator, habitat of C. arenariella (Benander, 1937), C. petryi (Hofmann, 1899), C. petrophilum (Preissecker, 1914), C. procurvella sp. nov., and C. tetrameris (Meyrick, 1926); 25 – view of the hill where Caryocolum species were collected; 26 – view of the landscape from the collecting site, in the background peaks of South Chuy ridge; 27 – Tara valley, 56 km SE of Dzhazator, habitat of C. arenariella (Benander, 1937), C. cassella (Walker, 1864), C. leucomelanella (Zeller, 1839), and C. tetrameris (Meyrick, 1926); 28 – Ukok plateau, habitat of C. atrum sp. nov. Photo J. Šumpich (24–27) and B. Wiesmair (28).