Scleropactes concinnus, Budde-Lund, 1885

Schmidt, Christian, 2007, Revision of the Neotropical Scleropactidae (Crustacea: Oniscidea), Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 151, pp. 1-339 : 41-42

SCLEROPACTES CONCINNUS BUDDE- LUND, 1885

Scleropactes concinnus Budde-Lund, 1885 – Budde- Lund (1904*); Van Name (1936); Schmalfuss (1980 *); Leistikow & Wägele (1999 *); Jeppesen (2000); Schmalfuss (2003 *).

Not: Scleropactes concinnus – Vandel (1968) (misidentification).

KEY TO THE SPECIES OF SCLEROPACTES

1. Dorsal surface tuberculate or granulate.............................................................2

1.* Dorsal surface smooth............................................................................5

2. Dorsal scale-setae strongly developed, long, and perpendicular to the surface, giving the tergite a hairy appearance .............................................................................................. 3

2.* Dorsal scale setae smaller, no hairy appearance.......................................................4

3. Male pleopod 1 exopodite with distinct median lobe; therefore, the distal margin is concave..................................................................................... Scleropactes pilosus Vandel, 1968

3.* Male pleopod 1 exopodite ovoid, with convex distal margin................... Scleropactes pululahua sp. nov.

4. Tergites strongly granulate; male pleopod 1 endopodite approximately straight; adults large, about 15 mm ....................................................................... Scleropactes zeteki Van Name, 1926

4.* Tergites shallowly granulate; small specimens (insufficiently known)...... Scleropactes incicus Budde-Lund, 1885

5. Median part of frontal shield and outer margin of uropod protopodite more angulate ( Fig. 106 ); male pleopod 1 endopodite with very narrow acute tip projecting beyond the row of spine-like setae along the dorsal spermatic furrow........................................................ Scleropactes colombiensis ( Pearse, 1915)

5.* Median part of frontal shield (in dorsal view) and outer margin of uropod protopodites more rounded ( Fig. 102 ); male pleopod 1 endopodite apex with shorter tip not much projecting beyond the row of spine-like setae............6

6. Male pleopod 1 endopodite distally enlarged....................... Scleropactes concinnus Budde-Lund, 1885

6.* Male pleopod 1 endopodite distally acute............................................................7

7. Linea frontalis in dorsal view medially straight and laterally strongly curved. Lateral lobes in frontal view with distinct gland pores. Usually larger: ♂ 11 mm, ♀> 15 mm ........................ Scleropactes cotopaxii sp. nov.

7.* Linea frontalis in dorsal view medially curved, with straight lateral parts, about 15° from the transverse. Coloration brown with some pale patches at the base of the coxal plates. Usually smaller: ♂ 10 mm, ♀ 12 mm .............................................................................. Scleropactes ecuadoriensis sp. nov. Material examined

Lectotype (designated here): one ♂, 10.0 × 4.7 mm ( Peru, leg. Stolzmann, ZMUC cru-1686).

Paralectotypes: One ♂, 10.0 × 4.2 mm (same data as Lectotype, ZMUC cru-1686); fragments of two ♂ and one more specimen [‘S cleropactes concinnus B.L., Peru (Mus. Wars.)’], three heads without mouthparts, some pleopod exopodites, one second antenna without flagellum, one pleotelson with uropod protopodites (‘S cleropactes concinnus B.L. ’) BMNH 1921.10.18.961– 964 types: Tambillo , Peru, leg. J. Stolzmann); one ♀ m ( Ecuador, Tambillo, ‘e Mus. Warschau’, SMF 634 ) .

Description ( Figs 102–104 )

Male maximum 10 × 4.7 mm; adult female maximum 11.4 × 5.0 mm. (Coloration not preserved in any of the specimens examined.) Tergal surface perfectly smooth, covered with microscales, which give the animal a pubescent appearance only at high magnification. Dorsal sensilla visible as small bristles; no noduli laterales could be recognized using a dissection microscope only. No coxal plate with any modification. Lateral sulcus distinct on all coxal plates and pleon epimera 3–5. Head with deep furrow behind the frontal line, laterally extending behind the eyes. Eyes composed of 20–23 ommatidia. Second antenna with long apical cone with small lateral sensilla (one sensillum present; whether there is a second small sensillum could not be checked without seeing the specimen).

Maxilliped basis scaly in the lateroproximal quarter; the scales become obsolete towards the median and distal margins. Endite apically not much narrower than basally, distal third hairy, bearing one setae on the caudal face and a very broad, laterally bent penicil near the distal margin. Maxilliped palp composed of three distinct articles: basal articles with two large setae, second article with distal tuft of several equal setae on a socket, two single small setae beside this socket, and proximal tuft consisting of only two setae, located directly beside socket of distal tuft, lateral margin of second article with two thin setae and one broad seta. Distal article of maxilliped palp with apical tuft of equal setae, and two single, similar setae on the lateral margin. Pereiopod 1 carpus with almost longitudinal brush consisting of extremely long scales that resemble hairs. Length of some of these scales equals diameter of carpus. Also, this antennal brush is confluent with ‘male’ brush consisting of much shorter scales. Male pereiopods 1– 3 (?) with number of ventral setae increased, and field of scales, pereiopod 4 with less extended scale-fields. Male pereiopod 7 simple. Dactyli (at least of pereiopods 1 and 6 of male, which were solely examined) with a small but distinct dorsal tubercle near the base. Dactylar seta apically hairy. Ungual seta curved, shorter than outer claw, small accessory seta nearly half as long as ungual seta. Inner claw about one-third as long as outer claw, very thin. Besides this, dactyli bearing one subapical, ventrolateral seta each on frontal and caudal faces, and with some aesthetasc-like setae beside the dactylar seta and various scales. Male pleopod 1 endopodite with apex slightly bent outwards and enlarged to a tuberculate plate. Row of 26 very small spine-like setae along the spermatic furrow. Exopodite short, with pronounced medial lobe, the margin of which bears some simple setae; a narrow lateral area (?probably respiratory) is set off by a sulcus (other pleopods not examined). Pleotelson short, medially with obtuse angle. Sides of pleotelson straight when whole animal viewed from a above, but concave when pleotelson is perpendicular to viewing direction ( Fig. 102 ). Uropod exopodite as long as sympodite. Endopodite nearly reaching tip of the exopodite. Sympodite with distinct oblique ridge; laterally, there seem to be some gland pores.

Remarks

The juvenile identified by Vandel (1968) as Scleropactes concinnus does not belong to this species. The basal article of the maxilliped palp seems to have only one large seta, whereas two large setae are present in the type specimens. It also has only 14 or 15 ommatidia, although this could be correlated with the smaller body size (2.4 mm wide). The species name has been cited by several authors, but here the species is illustrated for the first time and rendered identifiable. The specimen from the SMF also belongs to the type series, according to the data, although it is not labelled as such. Then, because of the designation of one male from ZMUC as lectotype, it becomes a paralectotype.

Reproduction

One female (SMF 634) has 11 eggs in the marsupium, which are arranged in transverse rows of 2–2– 2–3–2.

Geographical distribution

Only known from the type locality, Peru: Tambillo ( Budde-Lund, 1885). After Budde-Lund (1904), Tambillo is located in Ecuador.

Figures

Figure 102. Scleropactes concinnus Budde-Lund, 1885: lectotype ♂, 10.0 × 4.2 mm (Peru, leg. Stolzmann, ZMUC cru- 1686).

Figure 106. Scleropactes colombiensis (Pearse, 1915): ♂, 5.8 mm wide, cephalothorax 2.90 mm wide, habitus lateral, cephalothorax (Colombia, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, San Lorenzo, altitude 1600 m, cloud forest, leg. H. Schmalfuss, 8 December 1974, SMNS 10048e).