Oxysarcodexia bakeri ( Aldrich, 1916 )

Souza, Carina Mara De, Pape, Thomas & Thyssen, Patricia Jacqueline, 2020, Oxysarcodexia Townsend, 1917 (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) - a centennial conspectus, Zootaxa 4841 (1), pp. 1-126 : 30-31

publication ID	https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4841.1.1
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:F55A3BE7-673C-4D46-9FC4-D5B5C7041DC0
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4405695
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treatment provided by	Plazi (2020-12-31 12:38:54, last updated 2024-11-25 23:31:26)
scientific name	Oxysarcodexia bakeri ( Aldrich, 1916 )
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Oxysarcodexia bakeri ( Aldrich, 1916) View in CoL

( Figs 45–47 View FIGURES 42–50 )

Sarcophaga bakeri Aldrich, 1916: 270 View in CoL ; Cuba, Habana. Holotype male, female allotype, 14 male paratypes and six female paratypes in USNM (none examined).

Diagnosis. Male. Length 7.0– 7.8 mm. Postocular plate with golden pollinosity. Ocellar bristles well developed. Thorax with golden pollinosity.Two well-differentiated posterior and 1–3 smaller anterior post-sutural dorsocentrals. Apical scutellar bristles present. Legs blackish.Abdomen grayish with golden pollinosity, T4 with 2 pairs of median marginal bristles. T3–5 with golden pollinosity. ST5 with deep median cleft with margins almost parallel and with pilosity. Cercus straight in lateral view, with pointed obliquely cut apex and dorsal subapical barb. Cercus with bristles ventrally on full length. Cerci with distal third as broad as middle part in posterior view; diverging. Pregonite with expanded base and sudden narrowing at apex, which is darker than base. Postgonite with expanded base, gradually narrowing to apex; unicolorous. Distiphallus with serrated ventroapical margin, poorly developed ventroapical projections (i.e., lateral outward-directed expansions of the distiphallus seen anteriorly), truncated apex with distinct lighter area dorsoapically, and straight dorsal outline. Vesica symmetrical, with rounded median projection of main branch; distal lobes well developed, with filaments, tapering, sclerotized, with spines only along margins of distal lobes.

Remarks. Similar to O. modesta Lopes, 1946b ( Figs 185–187 View FIGURES 182–191 ), from which it can be distinguished by the presence of apical scutellar bristles, a more abundant setosity on syntergosternite 7+8, and peculiarities of the distiphallus ( Lopes 1946b), in particular the lack of ventroapical projections, the non-serrated ventrolateral margin and the lack of an anteroventral vesical concavity. The female of O. modesta has T7 divided into two plates ( Tibana & Mello 1985). This species has been intercepted in the port of Shanghai in a cargo container from the Americas ( Deng et al. 2011), but its possible establishment in China has not been investigated.

Distribution. NEARCTIC. Mexico (Baja California Sur, Sonora, Zacatecas), USA (Texas). NEOTROPICAL. Bahamas (New Providence), Brazil (Amapá *, Bahia , Distrito Federal, Goiás, Maranhão, Mato Grosso, Pará *, Pernambuco, Roraima, Rio Grande do Norte *), Chile (Tarapacá), Colombia, Cuba, Dominica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guadalupe, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico (Chiapas, Guerrero, Sinaloa, Tabasco, Yucatán), Peru, Puerto Rico, Turks & Caicos Island.

Biology. This species has been reared in the laboratory using agar plus powdered milk, developing from first instar to adult in 15–17 days ( Lopes 1973b). It has been collected from human feces, fermented fruit (grapes), dead fish (sardine), cow lung, and chicken viscera and liver ( Flores & Dale 1995; Ramírez-Mora et al. 2012; Barbosa et al. 2015; Sousa et al. 2015, 2016; Barbosa et al. 2017; Valverde-Castro et al. 2017). Oxysarcodexia bakeri was collected in a residential complex of Valle de Aburrá in the surroundings of Medellín, Colombia ( Salazar-Ortega et al. 2012), pointing to a possible affinity with human settlements, which is in agreement with the high synanthropic index calculated for this species by Yepes-Gaurisas et al. (2013) at another urban site in Medellín. In Guajira, Colombia, this species was one of the most abundant species in urban environments, although it was collected also in rural and forest areas ( Valverde-Castro et al. 2017). In the Brazilian state of Maranhão, O. bakeri was classified as accidental and rare ( Sousa et al. 2015). This species has been collected along the coast in northeastern Brazil ( Barbosa et al. 2015), at sandy beaches affected by different degrees of human impact ( Barbosa et al. 2017), and in mangrove areas ( Sousa et al. 2016).

Material examined. [ ♂] Oxysarcodexia bakeri sp 24 / 7CP2 [from Antioquia, Colombia] [ CE-TdeA] // [♂] Oxysarcodexia bakeri sp 20 / sp20 TdeA 846 [from Antioquia, Colombia] [ CE-TdeA] // [♂] Cuba, Ancón Nw de Viñales Pirnasdel Rio J. Holmsn 26.VIII.65 / Oxysarcodexia bakeri Aldr. B. Rohdendorf det. 1970. VI / bakeri Cuba [ MNRJ] // [♂] Brasil: Amapá; Mazagão V-VI.1983 J. M. D’Almeida col. / Oxysarcodexia bakeri (Aldrich) Det. R. Tibana [ MNRJ] // [♂] [Brazil] I.O.C Cultura N.213 / Campinas. Est. de Goyaz. Borgmeier et. Lopes / Oxysarcodexia bakeri Ald. Det. H. S. Lopes [ MNRJ] // [♂] Cult.1116 H. S: LOPES 27.VII.73 / RECIFE PERNAMBUCO BRASIL / Oxysarcodexia bakeri (Aldrich) Det. H. S. Lopes ♂ [ MNRJ] // [♂] BRASIL Mato Grosso Juína V. 1985 O. Roppo e B. Silva [ MNRJ] // [♂] [Brazil] Igarapé Paraqueú Rosário Maranhão Berla 20/22-XI-70 / bakeri Ald. / Oxysarcodexia bakeri (Aldrich) Det. H. S. Lopes ♂ [ MNRJ] // [♂] Natal, Brazil. Feb. 5-24, 1943 F. M. Snyder / Oxysarcodexia bakeri (Aldrich) Det. H. S. Lopes ♂ [ MNRJ] // [♂] UTINGA, BELÉM PARÁ, BRASIL / Arlindo X-71 / bakeri / Oxysarcodexia bakeri (Aldrich) Det. H. S. Lopes ♂ [ MNRJ] .

References

Aldrich, J. M. (1916) Sarcophaga and allies in North America. Thomas Say Foundation, Entomological Society of America, La Fayette, Indiana, 301 pp., 16 pls. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 32298

Barbosa, T. M., Mello-Patiu, C. A. & Vasconcelos, S. D. (2015) Flesh fly (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) survey on coastal environments in northeastern Brazil: new records and notes on the expanded geographical distribution. Entomotropica, 30 (12), 112 - 117.

Barbosa, T. M., Carmo, R. F. R., Silva, L. P., Sales, R. G. & Vasconcelos, S. D. (2017) Diversity of sarcosaprophagous Calyptratae (Diptera) on sandy beaches exposed to increasing levels of urbanization in Brazil. Environmental Entomology, 46 (3), 460 - 469. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / ee / nvx 059

Deng, Y. H., Wang, G. P., Chen Z. Z & Fan Z. D. (2011) Three species of the genus Oxysarcodexia Townsend, 1917 (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) intercepted in imported container with cargoes from Americas in Shanghai Port. Acta Parasitologica et Medica Entomologica Sinica, 18 (1), 42 - 47.

Flores, V. I. & Dale, W. E. (1995) Um estudio sobre ecologia de las moscas Sarcophagidae em la costa central peruana. Revista Peruana de Entomologia, 38, 13 - 17.

Lopes, H. S. (1946 b) Contribuicao ao conhecimento das especies do genero Oxysarcodexia Towsend, 1917 (Diptera Sarcophagidae). Boletim da Escola Nacional de Veterinaria, 1, 62 - 134.

Lopes, H. S. (1973 b) Collecting and rearing sarcophagid flies (Diptera) in Brazil, during 40 years. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias, 45, 279 - 291.

Ramirez-Mora, M. A., Buenaventura, E., Gomez-P, L. M. & Amat, E. (2012) Updated checklist and new records of Calyptrate carrion flies (Diptera, Schizophora) from Valle de Aburra and other localities in Colombia. Entomotropica, 27 (1), 27 - 35.

Salazar-Ortega, J. A., Amat, E. & Gomez-Pinerez, L. M. (2012) A check list of necrophagous flies (Diptera, Calyptrate) from urban area in Medellin, Colombia. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad, 83, 502 - 505. https: // doi. org / 10.22201 / ib. 20078706 e. 2012.2.983

Sousa, J. R. P., Carvalho-Filho, F. S. & Esposito, M. C. (2015) Distribution and abundance of necrophagous flies (Diptera: Calliphoridae and Sarcophagidae) in Maranhao, Northeastern Brazil. Journal of Insect Science, 15 (1), 1 - 10. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / jisesa / iev 054

Sousa, J. R. P., Carvalho-Filho, F. S., Juen, L. & Esposito, M. C. (2016) Evaluating the effects of different vegetation types on necrophagous fly communities (Diptera: Calliphoridae; Sarcophagidae): Implications for conservation. PLoS One, 11 (10), e 0164826, 1 - 23. https: // doi. org / 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0164826

Tibana, R. & Mello, C. A. (1985) O sintergito 6 + 7 nas femeas de Oxysarcodexia Towsend, 1917 (Diptera, Sarcophagidae). Revista Brasileira de Biologia, 45 (4), 439 - 445.

Valverde-Castro, C., Buenaventura, E., Sanchez-Rodriguez, J. D. & Wolff M. (2017) Flesh flies (Diptera: Sarcophagidae: Sarcophaginae) from the Colombian Guajira biogeographic province, an approach to their ecology and distribution. Zoologia, 34 (e 12277), 1 - 11. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zoologia. 34. e 12277

Yepes-Gaurisas, D., Sanchez-Rodriguez, J. D., Mello-Patiu, C. A. & Echeverri, M. W. (2013) Synanthropy of Sarcophagidae (Diptera) in La Pintada, Antioquia-Colombia. Revista de Biologia Tropical, 61 (3), 1275 - 1287. https: // doi. org / 10.15517 / rbt. v 61 i 3.11955

Figures

FIGURES 42–50. Oxysarcodexia spp., males. 42–44. Oxysarcodexia avuncula (Lopes) (Brazil, Minas Gerais, Extrema, LIE). 42. Habitus, lateral view. 43. Terminalia, lateral view. 44. Terminalia, posterior view. 45–47. Oxysarcodexia bakeri (Aldrich) (Colombia, Antioquia, CE-TdeA). 45. Habitus, lateral view. 46. Terminalia, lateral view. 47. Terminalia, posterior view. 48–50. Oxysarcodexia berlai Lopes (Peru, Avispas, Madre de Dios, NRM). 48. Habitus, lateral view. 49. Terminalia, lateral view. 50. Terminalia, posterior view.

FIGURES 182–191. Oxysarcodexia spp., males. 182–184. Oxysarcodexia mitifica Lopes (Colombia, Antioquia, CE-TdeA). 182. Habitus, lateral view. 183. Terminalia, lateral view. 184. Terminalia, posterior view. 185–187. Oxysarcodexia modesta Lopes (Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, NMR). 185. Habitus, lateral view. 186. Terminalia, lateral view. 187. Terminalia, posterior view. 188–191. Oxysarcodexia molitor (Curran & Walley), holotype (Guyana, Kaieteur, AMNH). 188. Head and thorax, lateral view. 189. Terminalia (without cerci), lateral view. 190. Cerci, posterolateral view. 191. Distiphallus, postgonites and pregonites, posterior view. Figs 188–191 by D. Grimaldi (AMNH).