Marma baeri Simon, 1902

Salgado, Alexandre & Ruiz, Gustavo R. S., 2020, Taxonomic revision of Marma Simon, 1902 (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryini), Zootaxa 4899 (1), pp. 287-353 : 292-294

Marma baeri Simon, 1902

Figures 2–11 , 57A , 58A

Marma baeri Simon, 1902: 376 (Holotype ♁: ECUADOR: Túmbez [00°49’01.2”N, 78°21’00.2”W], leg. G.A. Baer, deposited in MNHN, collection of E. Simon; allotype ♀, same data as holotype, both examined by photographs); Galiano, 1962: 36, pl. I, figs 1–5; Galiano, 1963: 395, pl. XXVIII, figs 7–10.

Note. Both sexes are redescribed based on newly collected specimens. Photographs of the type specimens were provided by MNHN ( Figs 4 A–G).

Diagnosis. The males of M. baeri are most similar to those of M. linae sp. nov. by having a short process on the embolic disc (PED; 5C, 7A, 13C, 15A), but differ by having a thicker embolic disc ( Figs 57 A–B). Besides, the embolus shaft (e) in M. baeri emerges from a less proximal portion of embolic disc and is consequently shorter than the embolus of M. linae sp. nov. (best visualized cleared in clove oil; Figs 7F , 9C , 15E , 16A ). The females of M. baeri differ from those of M. linae sp. nov. by having the copulatory openings separated by approximately three times the girth of the copulatory duct and by its placement anterior to the primary spermathecae ( Figs 6C , 7 G–H, 58A), whereas they are very close (separated by less than 1/2 their diameter) and placed at the same level of the primary spermathecae in M. linae sp. nov. ( Figs 14C , 15 F–G, 58B). Also, females of M. baeri have the distal portion of the primary spermathecae projecting laterally ( Figs 6C , 7H , 58A ), whereas they project anteriorly in M. linae sp. nov. ( Figs 14C , 15G , 58B ). Females of M. baeri are also very similar to those of M. femella , both with copulatory openings far from each other and the distal portion of primary spermathecae projecting laterally ( Figs 58A, D ). However, in M. baeri the initial portion of spermathecae is dilated, whereas the spermathecae of M. femella have an elliptical shape ( Figs 58A, D ).

Description. Male (QCAZ). Total length: 3.12. Carapace 1.64 long, 1.27 wide, 0.97 high. Ocular quadrangle 0.90 long. Anterior eye row 1.11 wide, posterior 0.96 wide. Legs 1432. Length of legs: I 4.30 (1.29 + 1.75 + 1.26); II 2.95 (0.99 + 1.04 + 0.92); III 3.55 (1.20 + 1.16 + 1.19); IV 3.66 (1.10 + 1.22 + 1.34).

Leg macrosetae: femur I d1-1-1, p1di, r0; II d1-1-1, p1di, r1di; III d1-1-1, p1di, r0; IV d1-1-1, p0 (or p1di), r1di; patella I–II 0, III–IV p0, r1; tibia I p0-1-0, r0, v1r-2-2; II p0-1-0, r0, v1r-2-1p; III p0-1-1-0, r0-1-1-0, v1p-0- 0-2 (v2di); IV p0-1-1-0, r1-1-1-0, v2di; metatarsus I p1di, r0, v2-2; II p1-1, r1di, v2-2; III d1p-0-0, p1-0-2, r1-0-2, v2-0-2; IV p1-1-2, r1-1-2, v1p-0-2.

Color in alcohol ( Figs 5 A–B): carapace with triangle of scales pointing backwards; regions beside the triangle with less concentrated scales; abdomen pale ventrally, with three dark brown longitudinal stripes; legs: femur I with dark distal ring and proximal region with dark prolateral spot, II with dark distal ring and proximal region with prolateral and retrolateral dark spot, III–IV with dark distal ring and proximal region with dark proventral spot; tibia I with dark proximal ring and distal region with dark retrolateral spot, II–IV with proximal and distal dark ring; tarsus I almost black, II with dark tip, III–IV with dark proximal ring.

Palp: RTA finger-shaped ( Figs 5D , 6C ); embolic disc with both edges curved ( Figs 5C , 7A ); PED with approximately same length of exposed portion of embolic disc and emerging from the middle-distal part of embolic disc ( Figs 5C , 7A ); tip of embolus aligned with tip of PED ( Figs 5C , 7F ).

Female (QCAZ). Total length: 3.51. Carapace 1.70 long, 1.20 wide, 0.81 high. Ocular quadrangle 0.73 long. Anterior eye row 1.13 wide, posterior 0.94 wide. Legs 4312. Length of legs: I 2.71 (0.86 + 1.03 + 0.82); II 2.57 (0.86 + 0.92 + 0.79); III 3.39 (1.13 + 1.16 + 1.10); IV 3.65 (1.11 + 1.23 + 1.31).

Leg macrosetae: Femur I d1-1-1, p1di, r0; II d1-1-1, p1di, r1di; III d1-1-1, p1di, r0; IV d1-1-1, p1di (or p0), r0 (or r1di). Patella I–II 0, III–IV p0, r1. Tibia I–II p0-1-0, r0, v1r-2-2; III p0-1-1-0, r0-1-1-0, v1p-0-0-1; IV d0-1p-0-0, p0-1-1-1 (p1-0-1-0), r1-1-1-0, v1p-0-0-2 (or 2di). Metatarsus I p1di, r0, v2-2; II p1-1, r1di, v2-2; III d1p-0-0, p1-0- 2, r1-0-2, v2-0-2; IV d1p-0-0 (or d0), p1-0-2 (or p1-1-2), r1-0-2 (or r1-1-2), v2-0-2 (or v1p-0-2).

Color in alcohol ( Figs 6 A–B): carapace as in male, abdomen ventrally with three dark longitudinal stripes and with dark brown edge with pale circles; legs: femur I with dark distal ring and proximal region with dark retroventral spot, II–III with dark distal ring and proximal region with incomplete dark ring (dorsal portion not totally colored), IV with dark distal ring and proximal region with dark proventral spot; tibia I–IV with proximal and distal dark ring; tarsus I–II without dark marks, III–IV with dark proximal ring.

Epigyne ( Figs 6 C–D, 7G–H, 10A–D): copulatory openings separated by approximately three times the girth of copulatory ducts, placed anteriorly to primary spermathecae; copulatory ducts short; proximal copulatory duct with approximately same length as distal section; primary spermathecae with initial portion dilated, tapering towards fertilization ducts; primary spermathecae laterally projected.

Other material examined. ECUADOR: Santa Elena : Montañita, 01°49’01.8”S, 80°45’29.1”W, 2019, 1♁ 1♀ ( QCAZ) .

Distribution. Known from the provinces of Imbabura and Santa Elena ( Ecuador) ( Fig. 59A ).

Figures

FIGURE 2. Marma baeri Simon, 1902. Live specimens from Montañita/Santa Elena/Ecuador. A–B male (A dorsal, B lateral); C–D female (C dorsal, D lateral).

FIGURE 3. Marma baeri Simon, 1902. Live specimens from Montañita/Santa Elena/Ecuador.A–B male (A frontal, B detail of face); C–D female (C frontal, D detail of face). Black arrow in A shows black tarsus in male front leg.

FIGURE 4. Marma baeri Simon, 1902 (Collection of E. Simon deposited in the MNHN). A–C male holotype (A dorsal; B ventral; C left male palp, retroventral). D–F female allotype (D dorsal; E ventral; F epigyne, ventral). G label data.

FIGURE 5. Male of Marma baeri Simon, 1902, specimen from Montañita/Santa Elena/Ecuador (QCAZ). A–B habitus (A dorsal, B ventral); C–D left male palp (C ventral; D retrolateral).

FIGURE 6. Female of Marma baeri Simon, 1902, specimen from Montañita/Santa Elena/Ecuador (QCAZ). A–B habitus (A dorsal, B ventral); C–D cleared epigyne/vulva (C ventral, cleared; D details of secondary spermathecae, dorsal). Abbreviations: BG—Bennett’s gland; cd—copulatory duct; co—copulatory opening; fd—fertilization duct; e—embolus shaft (broken inside the duct); PS—Primary spermatheca; SS—secondary spermathecae.

FIGURE 7. Marma baeri Simon, 1902. A, C–H specimens from Montañita/Santa Elena/Ecuador. B holotype illustrated by Galiano (1963), reflected.A–F left male palp (A–B ventral; C retrolateral; D proventral; E dorsal; F cleared bulb, ventral). G–H Epigyne/vulva (G ventral; H cleared, ventral). Abbreviations: BG—Bennett´s gland; cc—cymbial conductor; cd—copulatory duct; co—copulatory opening; dh—distal hematodocha; e—embolus shaft; ed—embolic disc; fd—fertilization duct; PEDprocess on embolic disc; PS—primary spermatheca; RTA—retrolateral tibial apophysis; SS—secondary spermatheca.

FIGURE 8. Female of Marma baeri Simon, 1902.A–F cephalothorax structures (A detail of a white scale and a bristle; B bristle base; C scale base; D carapace, dorsal; E detail of brown and white scales; F detail of scales and bristles around the ALE). Ab- breviations: ALE—anterior lateral eye; AME—anterior median eye; PLE—posterior lateral eye; PME—posterior median eye. Black arrows show black bristles; white arrows show white scales; brown arrow in E shows brown scale.

FIGURE 9. Male of Marma baeri Simon, 1902, specimen from Montañita/Santa Elena/Ecuador.A–F left palp (A bulb, ventral; B tip of embolus and PED, ventral; C dissected embolic disc and embolus, dorsal; D detail of embolus shaft, dorsal; E cymbial conductor, ventral; F proximal region of cymbium, ventral).Abbreviations: cc—cymbial conductor; e—embolus shaft; ed—em- bolic disc; PED—process on embolic disc. Black arrow in C shows groove; white arrows in D show spikes of embolus shaft and white arrow in F shows retroventral projection of cymbium.

FIGURE 10. Female of Marma baeri Simon, 1902, specimen from Montañita/Santa Elena/Ecuador. A–D Epigyne/vulva (A epigynal plate, ventral; B right half, dorsal; C detail of right primary spermatheca and fertilization duct, dorsal; D detail of initial portion of right copulatory duct, dorsal). Abbreviations: BG—Bennett’s gland; co—copulatory openings; fd—fertilization duct; PS—primary spermatheca; SS—secondary spermatheca. White arrows in D show glands of the copulatory duct near the copulatory opening.

FIGURE 11. Male of Marma baeri Simon, 1902, specimen from Montañita/Santa Elena/Ecuador.A–F spinnerets, ventro-distal (A all spinnerets, B right anterior lateral spinneret, C left anterior lateral spinneret, D right posterior lateral spinneret, E left posterior lateral spinneret, F posterior median spinnerets). G setae around anal tubercle. H epiandric spigots. I detail of right group of epiandric spigots.Abbreviations: ac—aciniform spigot; ALS—anterior lateral spinneret; eps—epiandric spigots; MAP—ma- jor ampullate spigot; mAP—minor ampullate spigot; pi—piriform spigot; PLS—posterior lateral spinneret; PMS—posterior median spinneret; ta—tartipore. Yellow arrows in A and G show white scales.

FIGURE 14. Female paratype of Marma linae sp. nov. (MPEG 34346). A–B habitus (A dorsal, B ventral); C–D cleared epi- gyne/vulva (C ventral, D dorsal).Abbreviations: BG—Bennett’s gland; cd—copulatory duct; co—copulatory opening; fd—fer- tilization duct; PS—primary spermatheca; SS—secondary spermatheca.

FIGURE 15. Marma linae sp. nov. A–E left male palp (A ventral; B retrolateral; C proventral; D dorsal; E cleared bulb, ven- tral); F–G epigyne/vulva (F ventral; G cleared, ventral). Abbreviations: BG—Bennett’s gland; cc—cymbial conductor; cdcopulatory duct; co—copulatory opening; dh—distal hematodocha; e—embolus shaft; ed—embolic disc; fd—fertilization duct; PED—process on embolic disc; PS—primary spermatheca; RTA—retrolateral tibial apophysis; SS—secondary spermathecae.

FIGURE 16. Male of Marma linae sp. nov. A–D left palp (A dissected embolic disc, dorsal; B detail of embolus shaft, dorsal; C detail of apical region of cymbium, ventral; D detail of proximal region of cymbium, ventral). Abbreviations: cc—cymbial conductor; e—embolus shaft; PED—process on embolic disc. Black arrow in A shows groove; white arrows in B show spikes of embolus shaft; white arrow in D shows retroventral projection of cymbium.

FIGURE 57. Left male palp, ventral [A Marma baeri Simon, 1902; B M. linae sp. nov.; C M. pipa sp. nov.; D M. wesolowskae sp. nov.; E M. nigritarsis (Simon, 1900); F M. sinuosa sp. nov., G M. argentina (Mello-Leit„o, 1941), H M. rosea (Mello- Leit„o, 1941), I M. spelunca sp. nov.]. Colors represent homologous structures.

FIGURE 58. Epigyne/vulva, A–C, E–K ventral, D dorsal [A Marma baeri Simon, 1902; B M. linae sp. nov.; C M. abaira sp. nov.; D M. femella (Caporiacco, 1955); E M. pipa sp. nov.; F M. wesolowskae sp. nov.; G M. nigritarsis (Simon, 1900); H M. sinuosa sp. nov.; I M. argentina (Mello-Leitão, 1941); J M. rosea (Mello-Leitão, 1941); K M. spelunca sp. nov.]. Colors represent homologous structures; arrow in D shows hypothetical position of secondary spermatheca.

FIGURE 59. Maps of South America showing records of Marma species (A species previously described; B new species). Record from the state of Amazonas (Brazil) in Fig. 59A is taken from Zhang & Maddison (2015).