New and little-known species of Tipula Linnaeus (Diptera, Tipulidae) from Laos, with a new synonym
Author
Zhang, Bing
Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
Author
Ren, Jinlong
Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
Author
Li, Yan
College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
Author
Yang, Ding
Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
dyangcau@126.com
text
ZooKeys
2020
982
11
31
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.982.49781
journal article
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.982.49781
1313-2970-982-11
C89D55F38B1241F18030075E63F3C1F1
0167286BFD8D542CA4856401AF535278
6.
Tipula (unplaced) reposita Walker, 1848
Figs 38-43
, 44-48
, 49-52
Tipula reposita
Walker 1848
: 67. Type locality: Nepal.
Tipula brevis
Brunetti 1918
: 270. Type locality: India (Assam: Shillong)
Tipula brevis
Edwards 1924
: 307.
Tipula reposita
Edwards 1926
: 53. Locality: Laos: (Tong La).
Tipula (Vestiplex) brevis
Alexander 1963
: 23.
Tipula (Vestiplex) brevis
Joseph 1974
: 269.
Tipula (Vestiplex) reposita
Starkevich et al. 2015: 122. Locality: India, Laos, Nepal, and Thailand (Chiang Mai).
Tipula reposita
Walker, 1848.
Pilipenko et al. 2019
. Locality: Thailand (Chiang Mai).
Tipula (Oreomyza) cladomera
Alexander 1936a
: 230. Type locality: China: "Szechwan: Wan-hsien" (= Chongqing: Wanzhou). syn. nov.
Diagnosis.
Rs is relatively long and cell m1 is petiolate. Tip of eighth sternite has long dense thick setae. Ninth tergite has a U-shaped depression. Lobe of gonostylus is subtriangular and posterior margin has a shallow V-shaped incision with a black sclerotized protuberance. Clasper of gonostylus is small and beak-like.
Description.
Male (
n
= 3): Body length 12-13 mm, wing length 13-14 mm, antenna length 4-4.5 mm.
Head (Figs
38
,
39
). Mostly brownish yellow. Dorsal part of rostrum brownish yellow, with distinct long nasus. Eyes black. Setae on head black. Antenna dark brown except scape brownish and pedicel yellow; first flagellomere longest, slightly longer than scape. Proboscis mostly brown with black setae; palpus greyish brown, with black setae.
Thorax (Figs
38
,
39
). Mainly brownish. Pronotum yellow with a light brown spot at middle. Prescutum yellow with three brown stripes; median stripe narrowed basally with a light brown median line; lateral stripes oval, a little shorter than median stripe. Scutum yellow, each lobe with a brown stripe. Scutellum yellow with a brown margin. Mediotergite yellow with a brown area near hind margin. Pleuron brownish yellow. Setae on thorax brownish yellow. Legs with coxae and trochanters yellow; femora light brown with dark tips; tibiae and tarsi dark brown. Setae on legs black, except those on coxae yellow. Wings light brown; pterostigma dark brown with some macrotrichia; posterior margin of cell cua1 as wide as base; Rs relatively long, cell m1 petiolate (Fig.
40
). Halter length approximately 2.5 mm; halter stem pale yellow; halter knob brownish gray, with brownish setae.
Abdomen (Fig.
38
). Mainly brownish yellow. Abdominal segments 1-5 brownish yellow with yellow setae; remaining segments dark brown with light brown setae.
Figures 38-43.
Tipula
(unplaced)
reposita
Walker, male
38
habitus, later view
39
head and thorax, dorsal view
40
right wing
41
semen pump, ventral view
42
semen pump, dorsal view
43
semen pump, lateral view. aia = anterior immovable apodeme, pia = posterior immovable apodeme, ca = compressor apodeme. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (
38-40
); 0.5 mm (
41-43
).
Hypopygium (Figs
44-48
). Eighth sternite with dense long thick setae at tip. Ninth sternite sclerotized, convex. Ninth tergite with a U-shaped depression, laterally with yellow setae. Hypopygium mostly brownish yellow, lobe of gonostylus triangular, slightly curved, broadened apically, posterior margin with shallow V-shaped incision and with black sclerotized protuberance. Clasper of gonostylus small, beak-like.
Semen pump (Figs
41-43
). Posterior immovable apodeme (pia) brownish yellow, rod-like, and directed backward. Compressor apodeme (ca) ginkgo-leaf-shaped and directed ventrally. Anterior immovable apodeme (aia) triangular.
Material examined.
3 males (CAU), Laos: Houaphanh, Sam Nuea, B. Meuang Lied, 2017.VI.9, Liang Wang (light trap);
T.
(unplaced)
cladomera
: holotype, male, China: "Szechwan: Wan-hsien" (= Chongqing: Wanzhou), September 14, 1921, American Museum of Nature History, accession no. 23974 (USNM).
Figures 44-48.
Tipula
(unplaced)
reposita
Walker. Male
44
hypopygium, lateral view
45
eighth sternite, ventral view
46
ninth tergite, dorsal view
47
lobe of gonostylus, lateral view
48
clasper of gonostylus, lateral view. tg 8 = eighth tergite, tg 9 = ninth tergite, st 8 = eighth sternite, st 9 = ninth sternite, lg = lobe of gonostylus. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (
44-47
); 0.25 mm (
48
).
Distribution.
China (Chongqing), India (Assam), Laos (Tong La, Houaphanh), Nepal, Thailand (Chiang Mai).
Remarks.
Tipula
(unplaced)
cladomera
was proposed by
Alexander (1936a
, as
T. (Oreomyza) cladomera
)) and some morphological differences were indicated. According to
Alexander (1936a)
, males of
T.
(unplaced)
cladomera
are characterized by the following features: hypopygium with the lobe of gonostylus very large and of unusual shape, expanded outwardly, the apex with a U-shaped notch which forms two conspicuous lobes; eighth sternite with nine or ten very coarse setae on either side of midline of the caudal margin (Fig.
51
;
Alexander 1936a
: 230; pl. 2, figs 25, 26). After comparison of the type specimens of
T.
(unplaced)
cladomera
Alexander, 1936 with
T. (Vestiplex) reposita
Walker, 1848 and our specimens from Laos, we found that those specimens do not have clear differences and are characterized by the same features, even though the males of
T.
(unplaced)
cladomera
have no shorter cross-vein between cell dm and cell cua1 (Fig.
50
;
Alexander 1936a
: pl. 1, fig. 5), and
T. (Vestiplex) reposita
does have shorter cross-vein between cell dm and cell cua1 (Brunetti in
Joseph 1974
: 268, fig. 109). Altogether, through examining many specimens, including holotypes and paratypes, and the literature, we attribute such differences as intraspecific variation and consider these two species to be the same and
T. (O.) cladomera
to be a junior synonym of
T.
(unplaced)
reposita
. This species used to be placed in the
Tipula subgenus Vestiplex
, although in our opinion, such an arrangement is incorrect because of the unique male genital complex.
Tipula
(unplaced)
reposita
Walker, 1848 does not belong to any existing subgenus and is to be considered unplaced.
Figures 49-52.
Tipula
(unplaced)
reposita
Walker., holotype male
49
habitus, dorsal view
50
right wing
51
lobe of gonostylus and clasper of gonostylus, lateral view
52
antenna.