Xynocoris, new genus of Ochlerini from Central and South America (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae: Discocephalinae)
Author
Garbelotto, Thereza De A.
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Dep. Zoologia, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, 91501 - 970, Prédio 43435, Porto Alegre RS
therezagarbelotto@hotmail.com
Author
Campos, Luiz A.
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Dep. Zoologia, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, 91501 - 970, Prédio 43435, Porto Alegre RS
luiz.campos@ufrgs.br
Author
Grazia, Jocelia
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Dep. Zoologia, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, 91501 - 970, Prédio 43435, Porto Alegre RS
jocelia@ufrgs.br
text
Zootaxa
2014
2014-10-01
3869
3
281
305
journal article
42463
10.11646/zootaxa.3869.3.4
6b71031e-2f40-447a-b13b-c9e7daa83fdb
1175-5326
224795
D4638897-09A5-4699-B2B9-CE079F3D9797
Xynocoris parvus
(
Distant, 1880
)
comb. nov.
(
figs. 2A
;
4A–D
;
5A, D
;
6A, E, I
;
7A–D
; 8A;
9
A)
Macropygium parvum
Distant, 1880
: 50
, tab. 6,
fig. 3
.
Alitocoris parvus
,
Sailer, 1950
: 73
–74,
figs. 4
,
5
, 8, 14, 18 (synonymy, redescription);
Rolston, 1992
: 24
, figs. 44–45;
Campos & Grazia, 2006
: p.153 (phylogeny, list);
Garbelotto
et al.
, 2013
(phylogeny).
Type
locality.
Panama.
Type material.
Distant’s description was based on a series of specimens listed as from the Distant Collection, now belonging to the British Museum, London; and from the Signoret Collection, now belonging to the Naturhistorisches Museum, Vienna (
Sailer 1950
). We were not able to locate the type specimens so we confirmed the identity of the specimens examined using both the description and illustrations by
Sailer (1950)
, and specimens identified by Dr. L.H. Rolston
.
Description.
Body oval, brown to dark brown; punctures black, confluent and forming shallow wrinkles on pronotum and scutellum; small yellowish spots evenly distributed over all body surface. Legs light brown, contrasting with body. Antennae five-segmented, third segment of males little widened.
Head with spots mostly on mandibular plates; punctures forming wrinkles between base of mandibular plates and posterior margin of head. Apices of mandibular plates juxtaposed, exceeding clypeus by a distance equivalent to the ocellar diameter; lateral margins of mandibular plates slightly reflected, ventrally yellowish. Eyes on short peduncle. Anteocular processes little projected, attaining 1/3 of the eye width. Antennal tubercle covered dorsally by anteocular processes. Antennae brown, five-segmented; first segment bearing dorsal longitudinal yellowish spot; proportion of antennal segments: I≈II<III≈IV<V, fifth the longest. Ventrally with 1+1 yellowish carinae posterior to the eyes. Bucculae without anterior tooth. Rostrum yellowish, second segment reaching mesocoxae, apex on urosternite IV; proportion of rostral segments: I<II>III≈IV.
Pronotum with punctures forming shallow wrinkles posterior to cicatrices; few yellowish spots between the punctures; cicatrices slightly tumid. Anterior angles of pronotum with projections parallel to posterior margins of eyes, exceeding laterally the eye by almost the diameter of eye. Anterolateral pronotal margins concave; posterolateral margins subrectilinear. Scutellum with yellowish spots evenly distributed; anterior margin with median spot and 1+1 yellowish spots near the fovea, sometimes inconspicuous; punctures forming shallow wrinkles, denser on disc and sometimes inconspicuous on apex. Corium reaching middle of connexival segment VI; spot on apex of radial vein equivalent to the diameter of ocellar, sometimes inconspicuous. Hemelytral membrane little surpassing the apex of abdomen, bearing 7–9 veins. Pleurae with yellowish spots; sterna brown. Evaporatorium brown to black; peritreme surpassing half the width of evaporatorium. Legs yellowish contrasting with body color; femora and tibiae with brown circular spots.
Segments of connexivum bearing middle yellowish spot, at least on lateral half. Abdomen ventrally with yellowish spots near lateral margins, sometimes extending medially; punctures shallow to inconspicuous on disc. Yellowish maculae before spiracles present (fig. 8A).
Male. Third antennal segment 1/3 wider than fourth segment. Measurements (n=9): head length, 1.20 ± 0.13. (1.01 –1.45); width, 1.90 ± 0.05 (1.83–1.95); pronotum length, 1.81 ± 0.08 (1.64–1.89); width, 4.42 ± 0.17 (4.16–4.79); scutellum length, 2.98 ± 0.14 (2.71–3.15); width, 2.68 ± 0.14 (2.46–2.96); length of antennal segments: I, 0.50 ± 0.05 (0.44–0.57); II, 0.41 ± 0.03. (0.38–0.44); III, 0.85 ± 0.06 (0.76–0.95); IV, 0.91 ± 0.05 (0.88–1.01); V, 1.46 ± 0.05 (1.39–1.58); length of rostrum segments: I, 0.85 ± 0.05 (0.82–0.95); II, 1.34 ± 0.08 (1.26–1.45); III, 0.92 ± 0.03 (0.88–0.95); IV, 0.84 ± 0.05 (0.76–0.88); total length, 7.57 ± 0.29 (7.00–7.90); abdominal width, 4.77 ± 0.26 (4.30–5.20).
Genitalia. Pygophore. Dorsal rim concave (
fig. 5
A—dr); distance between projections of dorsal rim equals the width of each projection; posterior projections bearing a tuft of short setae. Projections of inferior layer of ventral rim subtriangular, apices tumid placed beneath the ventral surface of segment X (
fig. 5
A—pil). Superior layer of ventral rim tumid near the apices of projections of inferior layer (
fig. 4C
, D—arrow). Median third of ventral rim slightly emarginated forming a shallow, narrow aperture covering the lateral portions of segment X (
fig. 5D
). Carinae continued from the conical projection of inferior layer inconspicuous (
fig. 5D
). Segment X slightly wider at base, with a clear boundary between sclerotized and membranous areas; lateral margins subrectilinear; apex bearing short setae (
fig. 5
A—X). Parameres with apical angle acutely curved; head at most reaching the margin of ventral opening of pygophore (
fig. 6A, E, I
). Phallus: lateral projection of phallotheca exceeding the dorsal margin (
fig. 7
D—lph). Dorsal process of vesica bilobed (
fig. 7A, C
, D—v, vp). Ductus seminis distalis twisted and short, little surpassing the base of phallotheca (
fig. 7A
, D—ds)
FIGURE 2.
Xynocoris
, dorsal: A,
X. parvus
(male); B,
X. tuberculatus
sp. nov.
(male holotype); C,
X. recavus
sp. nov.
(male holotype); D,
X. insularis
sp. nov.
(female holotype); E,
X. egeri
sp. nov.
(female holotype); F,
X. calosus
sp. nov.
(male holotype). Scale bars = 1 mm.
Female. Measurements (n=20): head length, 1.17 ± 0.08 (1.01–1.26); width, 1.95 ± 0.08 (1.83–2.14); pronotum length, 1.86 ± 0.08 (1.70–1.95); width, 4.53 ± 0.22 (4.22–4.98); scutellum length, 3.08 ± 0.16 (2.84–3.34); width, 2.73 ± 0.15 (2.52–3.02); length of antennal segments: I, 0.53 ± 0.03 (0.50–0.57); II, 0.45 ± 0.05 (0.38–0.57); III, 0.77 ± 0.08 (0.63–0.95); IV, 0.92 ± 0.07 (0.69–1.01); V, 1.49 ± 0.11 (1.13–1.58); length of rostrum segments: I, 0.88 ± 0.05 (0.76–1.01); II, 1.39 ± 0.07 (1.26–1.51); III, 0.97 ± 0.06 (0.82–1.07); IV, 0.86 ± 0.06 (0.76–0.95); total length, 8.07 ± 0.27 (7.50–8.50); abdominal width, 5.04 ± 0.23 (4.70–5.70).
Genitalia. Gonocoxites 8 little longer than wide; posterior margins sinuous; middle projection over laterotergites 9 and posterolateral projection over laterotergites 8 equally extended; sutural angles rounded; sutural margins bearing short setae, densely on posterior half; disc with low callus on middle, near posterior margin, sometimes with few short setae (fig. 8A—gc8). Laterotergites 8 as long as wide; middle light brown spot present in some specimens (fig. 8A—la8). Gonocoxites 9 trapezoidal; longitudinal suture conspicuous (fig 8A—gc9). Laterotergites 9 reaching at most the band connecting laterotergites 8; sutural angles not touching each other (fig. 8A—la9). Thickening of vaginal intima subrectangular (
fig. 9A
). Ring sclerites placed close to but not touching the lateral limits of the thickening of gonapophyses 9 (
fig. 9A
). Ductus receptaculi anterior to the vesicular area as wide as the intermediary duct; vesicular area at least three times longer than pars intermedialis plus capsula seminalis (
fig. 9A
). Length of tubular portion of ductus receptaculi posterior to the vesicular area equals half the length of vesicular area (
fig. 9A
). Pars intermedialis cylindrical, at least four times longer than capsula seminalis, the latter bearing apical processes (
fig. 9A
).
Comments.
Xynocoris parvus
comb. nov.
emerged as part of a polytomy (clade N of
Garbelotto
et al.
2013
—as
Alitocoris parvus
) within the
Xynocoris
clade (
fig. 1
). Diagnostic characters of
X. parvus
are the relatively smaller size, an unobvious enlargement of the third antennal segments of males as already noticed by
Sailer (1950)
, the anterolateral margins of pronotum slightly crenulated, the segment X of males with a clear limit between the sclerotized and the membranous areas (
fig. 5
A—X), and the females with gonocoxites 8 projected over the base of laterotergites 9 (fig. 8A—gc8, la9).
Distribution.
Panama, and the NEW RECORDS for Costa Rica, Venezuela, Suriname, Brazil and Ecuador.
Material examined.
COSTA RICA
,
Limon
:
Cairo
,
1 male
,
23.III.1944
,
F. Schrader
, [
10.1333
;
-83.5333
],
♂156
(
AMNH
)
;
Cartago
:
Turrialba
,
1 male
,
10.VI.1948
,
F. Schrader
, [
9.9000
;
-83.6833
],
♂525
(
AMNH
)
;
Puntarenas
: (
Las Cruces Field Sta
(
OTS
)
near San Vito
,
1000m
),
1 male
,
24–27.V.1988
,
B. Ratcliffe & M. Jameson
, [
8.8333
;
-82.9667
] (
DBTC
)
;
(
Est. Esquinas
,
Península de Osa
,
200m
),
1 female
(
Costa Rica
Inbio CRI 0 0 1 928167) and
1 male
(
Costa Rica
Inbio CRI 0 0 1 928168),
IV.1993
,
J. F. Quesada
, [
8.6338
;
-83.4117
], LS 301400_542200 # 2076 (
INBio
)
.
PANAMA
,
Colon
:
Coco Solo
(
Coco Solo Hospital
,
Canal Zone
),
2 females
,
29.IV.1972
,
D. Engleman
, [
9.3700
;
-79.8817
], L. T. (
KSBS
)
;
Panama
:
Barro Colorado Isl.
(
Canal Zone
R. P.),
1 male
,
23.IV.1962
,
H. Ruckes
, [
9.1636
;
-79.8378
], collected on NSF Grant G 9830 (
AMNH
)
;
Las Cumbres
,
1 female
,
20.X.1976
,
Henk Wolda
, [
9.0833
;
-79.5333
],
Lt. Trap
,
9°06’N
79°32’W
(
FSCA
)
.
VENEZUELA
, (Kasmeza-zu),
1 female
,
23.IX.1961
,
F. Fernenandez Y. C. J. Rosalis
(
MIZA
)
;
Miranda
:
Capaya
(
Est. Exp. Rio Negre
,
100m
),
1 male
,
10–12.XI.1977
,
C. Andara & J. Clavijo
, [
10.4278
;
-66.2756
] (
MIZA
)
;
Aragua
:
Maracay
(
450m
),
1 female
,
2.IX.1963
,
E. Osuma
, [
10.2469
;
-67.5958
],
En la luz
(
MIZA
)
;
1 female
,
2.X.1963
,
E. Osuma
, [
10.2469
;
-67.5958
] (
MIZA
)
;
1 female
,
7.XI.1963
,
E. Osuma
, [
10.2469
;
-67.5958
],
En la luz
(
MIZA
)
;
El Limon
(
450m
),
1 female
,
13.IV.1963
,
E. Osuma
, [
9.8500
;
-66.9000
],
em luz
(
MIZA
)
;
1 female
,
22.V.1977
,
F. Fernandez Y.
, [
9.8500
;
-66.9000
],
Luz de Mercúrio
(
MIZA
)
;
Carabobo
:
Samón Mocho
,
1 female
,
26.X.1983
, [
10.1206
;
- 67.8914
],
trampa de luz
(
MIZA
)
;
Tacarigua
,
1 female
,
26.IX.1977
,
J. Clavijo & C. Michelang
, [
10.0900
;
-67.9197
] (
MIZA
)
.
SURINAME
,
Paramaribo
:
Paramaribo
,
1 female
,
3.I.1946
, “illegíble”, [
5.8333
;
-55.1667
], (
UFRG
)
.
BRAZIL
, (Brazil Mrs Munroe, Mrs L. I. Munroe Brazil)
1 female
, (
AMNH
)
;
Roraima
: (
Rio Uraricoera
,
Ilha de Maraca
),
1 female
,
18–28.VIII.1987
,
J. A. Rafael
,
L. S. Aquino
,
J. F. Vidal & Elias Binda
, [
3.4500
;
-60.9833
],
armadilha de luz
, (
INPA
)
.
ECUADOR
,
Napo
:
5 females
e
2 males
,
Puerto Misahuali
(
1650–1900ft
),
6–19.IX.1998
,
J. E. Eger
[
-1.0345
;
-77.6637
], 1°2’4.2’’S lat 77°39’49.2’’W
long, Mercury vapor & ultraviolet lights
(
JEE
)
.