An update to the taxonomy of the genus Macroderes Westwood 1842 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) with descriptions of new species from South Africa Author Abdalla, Ishtiag H. Author Deschodt, Christian M. Author Scholtz, Clarke H. Author Sole, Catherine L. text Zootaxa 2018 2018-10-23 4504 1 41 75 journal article 28091 10.11646/zootaxa.4504.1.3 0b803003-244e-4511-aaf4-5e9c3f863861 1175-5326 2606164 52BA28B6-4280-4BD0-8B38-C794F04E4A66 Macroderes foveatus Frolov & Scholtz, 2005 ( Figs. 8 , 31 , 40 , 46, 49, 51 , 73 ) Macroderes foveatus Frolov & Scholtz, 2005 : 390 . Type locality. S. Afr., SW Cape , 3 Km E of Veldrif, 32°46'S 18°14'E . Type material examined. Holotype , ( TMSA ): “ S. Afr / SW Cape / Veldrif / 3Km E / 32° 46' S18° 14' E [printed] // 31.8.1981 / E–Y: 1870 / ground traps / 59 days / Endrödy—Younga leg [printed] // groundtrap with meat bait [printed] // HOLOTYPUS / Macroderes foveatus / Frolov & Scholtz / 2003 [red label, printed]” . Paratypes : 1 ♀ ( TMSA ) same data as holotype ; 1 ♀ ( TMSA ): “ S. Afr / S.W. Cape / Brakfontein farm / 32° 56' S 18° 15' E [printed] // 23.8.1983 / E–Y: 1967 / groundtraps / 72 days / Endroeydi, Penrith leg [printed] // groundtrap with faeces bait [printed] // PARATYPUS / Macroderes foveatus / Frolov & Scholtz / 2003” . Additional material examined. 2 ♂♂ ( UPSA ): “ RSA / Western Cape Province / Veldrif / 7 Km E / 19. vii. 2016 / 32° 47' 38.18'' S 18° 14' 53.42'' E // baited pitfall trap : pig dung / C. Deschodt & W.P. Strümpher ; 1 ♀ ( UPSA ): “ South Africa / Kommandokraal farm / S 31.50317° E 018.20939° / 14.8. 2015 / C. Deschodt & W. P. Strümpher . Size range. Males length: 10.2–10.4 mm , width: 6.2–7.4 mm ; females length: 8.8–10.1 mm , width: 5.3–7.1 mm Differential diagnosis. This species differs from all Macroderes species except M. cornutus in that the base of the pronotum bears very deep triangular concavity ( Figs. 8 , 40 ) however, it can be separated by the combination of the following characteristics: lack of the rounded tubercle in the frontal suture that characterises M. cornutus ( Figs. 49, 51 ), the internal sac sclerite bears small lateral processes ( Fig. 31 ), less elongated punctures at each side of the pronotum ( Fig. 46 ). FIGURES 46–51 . Lateral side of pronotum (46, 47) and dorsal and lateral side of the head (48–51) of Macroderes species. 46, 49, 51, M. foveatus Frolov & Scholtz, 2005 ; 47, 48, 50, M. cornutus Frolov & Scholtz, 2005 . Habitat and distribution. This species is recorded from two localities in the southern western part of Western Cape Province along the west coast of South Africa ( Fig. 2 ). Generally, the area is characterised by Mediterranean climate with warm, dry summers and moderate humid, rainy winters ( Mucina & Rutherford 2006 ).