An update to the taxonomy of the genus Macroderes Westwood 1842 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) with descriptions of new species from South Africa Author Abdalla, Ishtiag H. Author Deschodt, Christian M. Author Scholtz, Clarke H. Author Sole, Catherine L. text Zootaxa 2018 2018-10-23 4504 1 41 75 journal article 28091 10.11646/zootaxa.4504.1.3 0b803003-244e-4511-aaf4-5e9c3f863861 1175-5326 2606164 52BA28B6-4280-4BD0-8B38-C794F04E4A66 Macroderes greeni Kirby, 1818 ( Figs. 10 , 44 , 58 , 91 ) Onthophagus greeni Kirby, 1818 : 397 . Macroderes greeni : Westwood 1847: 228 ; Preudhomme de Borre 1880 : 9 ; Péringuey 1901 : 298 ; Janssens 1939 : 27 ; Ferreira 1969 : 320 ; Frolov & Scholtz 2005 : 388 . Type locality. Types with no locality data. Type material examined. None. Type series is deposited in BMNH ( Frolov & Scholtz 2005 ). Additional material examined. 1 ♂ (TMSA): “S.Afr / SW Cape Prov / Abrahamskraal farm / 33°.14' S– 18°.09' E // 25.8.1983 / E–Y: 1976 / groundtraps / 70 days / Endrody, Penrith leg // groundtraps with faeces bait // Macroderes greeni (Kirby) / det. A. Frolov / 2003”; 3 ♀♀ (TMSA): “S.Afr / S.W Cape / Struisbaai / 34°.46' S– 20°.03' E // 28. 8. 1983 // E–Y: 1987 / groundtrap / 60 days / Endrody, Penrith leg // groundtraps with faeces bait // Macroderes greeni (Kirby) / det. A. Frolov / 2003”; 1 ♂ and 7 ♀♀ (SANC): “LANGEBAAN / C P / 12 Km / SE / Farm Geelbek / A.L.V. Davis / Macroderes sp / det. CSIRO. DBRU // Macroderes greeni (Kirby) / Frolov / det / 2003 but with different dates of collecting: 1♀ : 6.VII.1979 ; 1 ♂ and 2 ♀♀ : 13.VIII.1979 ; 1 ♀ : 23.V.1979 ; 1 ♀ : 30.V.1979 . 1 ♀ : 1–29. X. 79 ; 1 ♀ : 26. VI. 1979 ; 2 ♂♂ and 4 ♀♀ (SANC): “S.Afr / SW / CP / Modderrivier farm / nr Atlantis / 33° 28' S 18 20' E / 29°. VI.1987 / ALV. Davis // ex cattle dung baited / pitfall in Strandveld // Macroderes greeni (Kirby) / Frolov / det / 2003”; 1 ♀ (SAMC): “ Macroderes greeni // Macroderes greeni (Kirby) / det. Frolov / 2003”; 1 ♂ (SAMC): “Saldanha Bay // greeni Kirby // Macroderes greeni Kirby / det. Frolov / 2003 // SAM—A 043223”; 2 ♂♂ (SAMC): “Mamre-Mamlesburg Rd / Sep. 1938 // Macroderes greeni Kirby / det. Frolov / 2003 // SAM-Col-A02321”. FIGURES 58–63. Punctuation of the base of pronotum of Macroderes species. 58, M. greeni (Kirby, 1818) ; 59, M. arrowi Janssens, 1939 ; 60, M. bias (Olivier, 1789) ; 61, M. namakwanus Frolov & Scholtz, 2005 ; 62, M. endroedyi Frolov & Scholtz, 2005 ; 63, M. politulus Preudhomme de Borre, 1880 . Size range. Males length: 9.6–11.6 mm , width: 6.2–8.0 mm; females length: 10.3–11.4 mm , width: 6.3–7.8 mm . Differential diagnosis. This species shares the elytral punctuation shape of M. arrowi , M. foveatus and M. cornutus ( Fig. 91 ), however, it can differentiated by the large and rounded punctures of the pronotum ( Figs. 44 , 58 ) and from the latter two species by lacking the triangular concavity in the base of the pronotum which characterise the two species. Habitat and distribution. This species occupies a small range which extends along the south-western coast of South Africa from Cape Agulhas in the southeast and up to Saldanha Bay in the northwest ( Fig. 2 ). The area is situated within the Southwest Fynbos Bioregion which is considered as the core of Fynbos Biome ( Mucina & Rutherford 2006 ). The area is mostly sandstone typified by winter rains and low to very low summer rains.