The Nevrorthidae, mistaken at all times: phylogeny and review of present knowledge (Holometabola, Neuropterida, Neuroptera) Author Aspoeck, Ulrike Author Aspoeck, Horst Author Liu, Xingyue text Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 2017 64 2 77 110 http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.64.13028 journal article http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.64.13028 1860-1324-2-77 B30AA27D33654DC4A2C609D16DC74525 Nipponeurorthus pallidinervis Nakahara, 1958 Figs 4 f-g ; 11 g-k ; 16 Nipponeurorthus pallidinervis Nakahara, 1958: 25 (odescr, figs: wing, gs male, female); Kuwayama 1962 (fig. body, wings); Zwick 1967 (figs: gs female); Hayashi 2005 (list, distr, figs); U. Aspoeck and H. Aspoeck 2008a (compmorphol, figs: gs male); U. Aspoeck and H. Aspoeck 2008b (fig: distrmap); Liu et al. 2014 (key, fig: distrmap). Type locality. Japan (Hokkaido: Jozankei). Male. Forewing length 8.8-9.8 mm, hindwing length 7.4-8.6 mm. Head yellow. Antennae yellow. Mouthparts yellow; mandibles with brownish tips. Thorax yellow. Legs yellow. Wings transparent, immaculate, with pterostigmatic areas yellow; longitudinal veins yellow; crossveins mostly dark brown, except for those on pterostigmatic areas yellow. Abdomen yellow, dorsally purplish brown. Gonocoxite 9 robust on proximal half, with a small hairy tubercle on inner surface; distal half strongly incurved; gonostylus 9 spinous and unforked. Ectoproct broad, directed posteroventrad, with posterior margin slightly concaved, and with a pair of subtriangular ventral projection. Complex of gonocoxites + gonostyli + gonapophyses10 transversely broad; lateral arms nearly as long as distal projections, arcuate, medially with a pair of projections, which are straightly directed dorsad and widened on distal half; distal projections digitiform, straightly and parallelly directed dorsad with each other. Gonocoxites 11 present as a simple, transverse, sclerotized band; gonostyli 11 present as posteriorly bifurcated sclerite. Female. Forewing length 9.1-11.4 mm, hindwing length 8.0-9.9 mm. Fused gonocoxites 8 about 2.0 times as long as tergite 8, flatly plate-like. Gonapophyses 8 subtriangular, largely covered by gonocoxite 8, lateral margins distinctly sclerotized. Bursa copulatrix sac-like, suboval, slightly longer than tergite 8, with distal portion laterally expanded in ventral view, marginally and internally with several sclerotized bands. Specimens examined and records published. Supplementary material 1. Holotype male (by original designation): Japan, "Jozankei, Hokkaido, July 17-18, 1956, Waro Nakahara" (NSMT). Biology and ecology. Adults have been taken from May-July , most specimens were collected in July. No data concerning the vertical distribution are available. The larva is unknown, however, Nakahara (1958) hypothesized an aquatic life style of the larva due to the findings of adults along rivers and brooks. Distribution. Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu, Tsushima Island).