New species and new records of terrestrial isopods (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea) of the families Philosciidae and Scleropactidae from Brazilian caves
Author
Campos-Filho, Ivanklin Soares
C752F864-3C84-4AF4-9EDA-4D1AF464D615
Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia e Gestão de Recursos Naturais, Av. Aprígio Veloso, 882, Bairro Universitário, 58429 - 140 Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil.
ivanklin.filho@gmail.com
Author
Fernandes, Camile Sorbo
C8246067-8235-4981-87D8-56FD9C43FDC2
Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Departamento de Ecologia e Biologia Evolutiva, Rodovia Washington Luis, Km 235, 13565 - 905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil.
camilesorbofernandes@yahoo.com.br
Author
Cardoso, Giovanna Monticelli
C829E5B7-B87E-4C4A-B88E-D5FE377AE60B
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Departamento de Zoologia, Laboratório de Carcinologia, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Agronomia, 91510 - 979 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
jojomonticelli@hotmail.com
Author
Bichuette, Maria Elina
7B740115-BCA0-4711-8C9D-CD014FD3122B
Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Departamento de Ecologia e Biologia Evolutiva, Rodovia Washington Luis, Km 235, 13565 - 905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil.
lina.cave@gmail.com
Author
Aguiar, José Otávio
8D91D781-EF49-42CC-B7AE-12789CB1CD71
Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia e Gestão de Recursos Naturais, Av. Aprígio Veloso, 882, Bairro Universitário, 58429 - 140 Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil.
otavio.j.aguiar@gmail.com
Author
Taiti, Stefano
62E97059-6AE5-4984-9ABB-7FB6F7358BD6
Istituto di Ricerca sugli Ecosistemi Terrestri, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy. & Museo di Storia Naturale, Sezione di Zoologia “ La Specola ”, Via Romana 17, 50125 Florence, Italy.
stefano.taiti@cnr.it
text
European Journal of Taxonomy
2020
2020-02-20
606
1
38
journal article
23893
10.5852/ejt.2020.606
e75c913b-d6ce-48b6-b5c4-dd09034b4547
2118-9773
3676984
95D497A6-2022-406A-989A-2DA7F04223B0
Metaprosekia igatuensis
Campos-Filho, Fernandes & Bichuette
sp. nov.
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
24B7CEE5-59B7-4943-AA9A-D50D79BD995D
Figs 8–10
,
14
Metaprosekia
sp. –
Fernandes
et al.
2019: 1108
, table 1.
Diagnosis
Telson with lateral sides almost straight, mandibles with molar penicil simple, maxillula outer endite of 4+5 teeth (two apically cleft), male pleopod 1 exopod subtriangular with outer and inner margins slightly convex, male pleopod 2 endopod with distal portion slender.
Etymology
This new species is named after the locality where the specimens were collected, Povoado de Igatu, which holds a high diversity of subterranean fauna.
Material examined
Holotype
BRAZIL
–
Bahia State
, Andaraí
•
♂
; Povoado de Igatu, Gruna Rio dos Pombos;
12°54′12″ S
,
41°19′04″ W
;
31 Feb. 2013
; M.E. Bichuette, J.E. Gallão and D.M. Schimonsky leg.;
LES
6349.
Paratypes
BRAZIL
•
1 ♂
,
3 ♀♀
,
1 juv.
; same collectiondata as for
holotype
; parts of
♂
and
1 ♀
in micropreparations;
LES
6349.
Description
MEASUREMENTS. Maximum body length: male and female
2 mm
.
BODY. Body pigment absent. Body outline as in
Fig. 8A
; dorsal surface densely covered with fan-shaped scale-setae (
Fig. 8B
). Noduli laterales piliform (
Fig. 8C
); d/c and b/c coordinates as in
Fig. 8
D–E.
CEPHALON. Lateral lobes and frontal line absent; suprantennal line bent downwards in middle; eyes composed of four ommatidia (
Fig. 8A, F
).
PEREON. Pereonite 1 epimera with anterior corners slightly directed frontwards; pereonites 1–4 with posterior margins straight, 5–7 gradually arched (
Fig. 8A
).
PLEON. Slightly narrower than pereon, epimera of pleonites 3–5 short and directed backwards; telson more than twice as long as wide, triangular with lateral margins almost straight, with rounded apex (
Fig. 8G
).
ANTENNULA. Composed of three articles, proximal article longest, distal article conical, bearing one lateral tuft of five aesthetascs plus apical pair (
Fig. 8H
).
ANTENNA. Reaching pereonite 3 when extended backwards; flagellum of three articles, medial and distal articles subequal in length; apical organ long, bearing two short free sensilla (
Fig.
8I
).
MOUTH. Mandibles with dense cushion of setae on incisor process, molar process simple, left mandible (
Fig. 9A
) with 2+1 penicils, right mandible (
Fig. 9B
) with 1+1 penicils. Maxillula (
Fig. 9C
) inner endite with two apical penicils and small triangular point; outer endite with 4+5 teeth, inner set with two teeth apically cleft. Maxilla (
Fig. 9D
) inner lobe rounded, covered with thick setae; outer lobe rounded, three times as wide as inner lobe, covered with thin setae. Maxilliped (
Fig. 9E
) palp with two setae on proximal article; endite subrectangular, medial seta surpassing distal margin, distal margin bearing outer tip, rostral surface with setose sulcus ending with one short penicil.
PEREOPODS. Pereopod 1–7 merus to propodus bearing sparse setae on sternal margin, pereopod 1 carpus with short transverse antennal grooming brush and distal seta hand-like; dactylus of two claws, inner claw shorter, dactylar seta simple, not surpassing outer claw, ungual seta simple, slightly surpassing outer claw.
UROPOD. Protopod subquadrangular; protopod and exopod outer margins grooved, bearing glandular pores; exopod twice as long as endopod, endopod inserted proximally (
Fig. 10A
).
PLEOPOD EXOPODS. Without respiratory areas.
Male
PEREOPODS 1 AND 7. Without sexual dimorphism (
Fig. 10B–C
).
GENITAL PAPILLA. Bearing triangular ventral shield, papilla slightly longer than ventral shield, bearing two subapical orifices (
Fig. 10D
).
PLEOPODS. Pleopod 1 (
Fig. 10E
) exopod subtriangular, with outer and inner margins slightly convex; endopod more than twice as long as exopod, distal portion tapering, slightly directed outwards and bearing small setae on medial margin. Pleopod 2 (
Fig. 10F
) exopod triangular, outer margin concave bearing one seta; endopod flagelliform, longer than exopod. Exopods of pleopods 3 and 4 as in
Fig. 10G and H
, respectively. Pleopod 5 exopod (
Fig.
10I
) rhomboid, outer margin convex, bearing five long setae, inner margin grooved to accommodate pleopod 2 endopod.
Fig. 8.
Metaprosekia igatuensis
Campos-Filho, Fernandes & Bichuette
sp. nov.
, ♀, paratype (LES 6349).
A
. Habitus, dorsal view.
B
. Dorsal scale-seta.
C
. Pereonite 1 epimeron, dorsal view.
D
. Noduli laterales d/c coordinates.
E
. Noduli laterales b/c coordinates.
F
. Cephalon, frontal view.
G
. Pleonites 4–5 and telson.
H
. Antennula.
I
. Antenna.
Remarks
The genus
Metaprosekia
comprises three species:
M. nodilinearis
Leistikow, 2000
from the department of Merida, Venezuela;
M. caupe
Campos-Filho, Araujo & Taiti, 2014
and
M. quadriocellata
Campos- Filho, Araujo &
Taiti, 2014
fromthestateof Pará, Brazil (
Leistikow 2000
;
Campos-Filho
et al.
2014
). The genus is mainly defined by its small size, dorsal surface covered with fan-shaped or pointed scale-setae, epimera of pereonites 1–7 with noduli laterales inserted at same level from lateral margins, cephalon with suprantennal line and eyes of 3–4 ommatidia, antennula with one lateral tuft of aesthetascs plus apical pair, maxillula outer endite with 4+4 teeth (some of them cleft at apex), maxilliped endite with rostral penicil and pleopod exopods without respiratory structures (see
Leistikow 2000
;
Campos-Filho
et al.
2014
).
The new species differs from other species of the genus in having the mandibles with molar penicil simple instead of dichotomized, the shape of the male pleopod 1 and male pleopod 2 endopod, with the distal portion slender rather than thick. Moreover, it differs in having the suprantennal line bent downwards in the middle (vs. straight in
M. caupe
and
M. nodilinearis
; slightly bent downwards in
M. quadriocellata
) and in having the apical organ of the antennal flagellum shorter than the distal article (vs subequal in
M. caupe
; longer in
M. nodilinearis
and
M. quadriocellata
).
The presence of fan-shaped scale-setae is related with the creeper eco-morphological strategy (
Schmalfuss 1984
), which functionally reduces the adhesive forces and facilitates the movement of the animal in unconsolidated substrates. However, this is not the case for species of
Metaprosekia
. As mentioned by
Campos-Filho
et al.
(2014)
, the presence of fan-shaped scale-setae on the dorsal surface and of eyes with a reduced number of ommatidia can be related to an endogean life-style. This species is considered here as troglobiotic, since many expeditions were carried out outside the cave where it was collected and no specimens were found.