A Taxonomic Revision of Desmodium (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae) in Brazil
Author
Lima, Laura Cristina Pires
Author
Queiroz, Luciano Paganucci De
Author
Tozzi, Ana Maria Goulart De Azevedo
Author
Lewis, Gwilym Peter
text
Phytotaxa
2014
2014-05-16
169
1
1
119
journal article
10.11646/phytotaxa.169.1.1
1179-3163
10089817
31.
Desmodium triflorum
(L.) DC., Prodr. 2: 334. 1825.
Hedysarum triflorum
L., Sp.
Pl. 2: 749. 1753
.
Aeschynomene triflora
(L.) Poir., Encycl. 4(2): 451. 1798.
Pleurolobus triflorus
(L.) J. St.-
Hil.,
Nouv. Bull. Soc. Philom. 3: 192. 1812
.
Sagotia triflora
(L.)
Duchass. & Walp.,
Linnaea 23: 738. 1850
.
Nicolsonia triflora
(L.) Griseb., Goett.
Abh. 7: 202. 1857
.
Meibomia triflora
(L.) Kuntze, Revis.
Gen. Pl. 1: 197. 1891
.
Lectotype
(designated by
Fawcett & Rendle 1920
):—
INDIA
.
Herb. Hermann 297
(BM 000594452!).
Fig. 33
.
Hedysarum stipulaceum
Burm., Fl. Indica
168. 1768.
Desmodium stipulaceum
(Burm.) Hassk., Cat. PI. Hort. Bot. Bogor.
274. 1844.
nom. illeg., non
De Candolle, 1825
.
Type
:—
INDIA
. crescit in
Perfia
,
J. Burman s.n.
(not seen).
Hedysarum granulatum
Schum. & Thonn., Beskr. Guineiske Pl.
: 362. 1827
.
Desmodium granulatum
(Schum. e Thonn.) Walp., Repert. Bot. Syst.
1(4): 737. 1842
.
Lectotype
(designated by
Schubert 1963
):—NEW
GUINEA
.
P. Thonning s.n.
(
lectotype
C*!, isolectotype P-JU!).
Desmodium triflorum
var.
villosum
Wight & Arn., Prodr. Fl. Ind. Orient.
1: 229. 1834
.
Lectotype
(designated here):—
INDIA
.
Peninsulae Indiae Orientalis
,
R. Wight 778
(
lectotype
K!, isolectotype BM!).
Desmodium triflorum
var.
minus
Wight & Arn., Prodr. Fl. Ind. Orient.
1: 229. 1834
.
Desmodium triflorum var. minimus
(Wight & Arn.) Stehlé, Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat.
, sér. 2(18): 104. 1946
.
Lectotype
(designated here):—
INDIA
.
Peninsulae Indiae Orientalis
,
R. Wight 777
(K!). Remaining
syntype
: India. Peninsulae Indiae Orientalis,
R. Wight 779
(K!).
Nicolsonia reptans
Meisn., Linnaea
21: 260. 1848
.
Lectotype
(designated here):—
BRAZIL
.
Rio Janeiro
, in
Serra dos Orgãos
prope,
January 1837
,
G. Gardner 748
(
lectotype
BM!, isolectotypes E!, G![2 sheets], OXF!). Remaining
syntype
: Suriname. ad vias prope Paramáribo, 1844,
H.A.H. Kegel s.n.
(not seen).
DESMODIUM
(LEGUMINOSAE,
PAPILIONOIDEAE
) IN
BRAZIL
Phytotaxa
169 (1) © 2014 Magnolia Press •
91
Meibomia triflora
var.
glabrescens
f.
coerulescens
Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl.
1: 197. 1891
. Type:—VIETNAN. Turong,
24 February 1875
,
Herbarium Otto Kuntze 3595
(
holotype
NY![2 sheets]).
Meibomia triflora
var.
glabrescens
f.
purpurea
Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl.
1: 197. 1891
.
Type
:—
JAVA
.
Tjibelong
,
10 June 1875
,
Sammlungen von Otto Kuntze’s Weltreise
4897
(
holotype
NY!).
Meibomia triflora
var.
glabrescens
f.
violacea
Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl.
1: 197. 1891
.
Type
:—
JAVA
.
Beutenzorg
,
15 May 1875
,
Sammlungen von Otto Kuntze’s Weltreise
4275
(
holotype
NY!).
Meibomia triflora
var.
pilosa
Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl.
1: 197. 1891
.
Lectotype
(designated here):—
PORTO RICO
.
Saint Thomas
,
2 March 1874
,
C.E.O. Kuntze 173
(NY!). Remaining
syntype
: Cingapura.
October 1875
,
C.E.O. Kuntze 6040b
(NY!).
Meibomia triflora
var.
pilosa
f.
flavescens
Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl.
1: 197. 1891
.
Type
:—
JAVA
.
Tjibelong
,
10 May 1895
,
Sammlungen von Otto Kuntze’s Weltreise
4877
(
holotype
NY!).
Meibomia triflora
var.
pilosa
f.
virescens
Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl.
1: 197. 1891
.
Type
:—
JAVA
.
Sindanglaja
,
26 May 1875
,
Sammlungen von Otto Kuntze’s Weltreise
4502
(
holotype
NY!).
Meibomia triflora
var.
pilosa
f.
violacea
Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl.
1: 197. 1891
. Type:—TRINDAD (
holotype
NY, not seen).
Desmodium triflorum
var.
pygmaeum
Hoehne, Relat. Commiss. Linhas Telegr. Estratég. Matto Grosso
Amazonas
5, Bot. pt. 8: 73. 1919.
Lectotype
(designated here):—
BRAZIL
.
Mato Grosso
:
São Luiz de Cáceres
,
F.C. Hoehne 4398
(R!). Remaining
syntype
: Brazil.
Mato Grosso
:
São Luiz de Cáceres
,
F.C.
Hoehne
4397
(R!).
Desmodium triflorum
var.
adpressum
Ohwi, J. Jap. Bot.
26: 234. 1951
.
Type
:—
CHINA
.
Taiwan
:
Tamsui
,
U.
Faurie
161
(
holotype
KYO
*!, isotype
BM
!)
.
Prostrate, branched subshrub, lacking stolons rooting at the nodes, without a xylopodium; stems virgate, slender, cylindrical, sulcate, glabrescent or sparsely hirsute or puberulous-uncinate, not glaucous; internodes
0.2–1.5 cm
long. Stipules 2–3 ×
0.8–1.2 mm
, ovate, not auriculate, semi-amplexicaul, inserted perpendicularly at the base of the leaf petiole, free from each other, apex acuminate, margin straight, sparsely hirsute or glabrous, veins conspicuous, persistent. Leaves trifoliolate; petiole
3–11 mm
long, cylindrical, sulcate, sparsely or densely hirsute or puberulous; rachis
1–3 mm
long; stipels
0.3–0.5 mm
long, subulate, margin straight, glabrous on the outer surface, persistent; leaflets concolorous, membranaceous, venation brochidodromous, primary and secondary veins prominent, tertiary veins inconspicuous on the abaxial surface, indumentum sparsely or densely tomentose on the primary veins, tomentose or puberulous on the another veins, adaxial surface puberulous, rarely sparsely tomentose, uncinate hairs covering both surfaces, terminal leaflet 0.3–0.6(–0.9) × 0.3–0.6(–0.9) cm, obcordate, orbicular or obovate, base cuneate, cordate or obtuse, apex emarginate, retuse or obtuse, lateral leaflets 0.3–0.5 (–0.7) × 0.3–0.5 (–0.7) cm, the same shape as the terminal leaflet. Inflorescence a fasciculate, axillary; 3–5 flowers per node; primary bract
2–3 mm
long, ovate, margin straight, glabrescent on the outer surface, caducous, veins conspicuous on the outer surface; secondary bract ca.
1.5 mm
long, lanceolate, margin straight, glabrescent on the outer surface, caducous, veins inconspicuous on the outer surface; pedicel
4–6 mm
long, sparsely or densely hirsute. Flowers
2.5–3 mm
long; calyx 5–laciniate, tube campanulate,
1 mm
long, tomentose on the outer surface; teeth subequal, lanceolate
1–1.5 mm
long; corolla lilac or white, standard 2–2.5 ×
2.5–3.5 mm
, orbicular, apex obcordate, not maculate, claw
1.5–2 mm
long; wing petals ca. 2.5 ×
1.5 mm
, oblong, apex obtuse, without callosities, claw
1–1.5 mm
long; keel petals 1.5–2 ×
0.5–1 mm
, narrowly oblong, apex obtuse, with callosities, claw
1.5–2 mm
long; androecium diadelphous,
2.5–3 mm
long, vexillary stamen free; ovary ca.
1.5 mm
long, velutinous, sessile. Loment
0.9–1.6 cm
long, sessile, isthmus marginal, upper suture straight, lower suture slightly crenate; articles uniform 3–6, 2.5–3 ×
2–3 mm
, quase quadrangular, not tortuous, dehiscents, indehiscent, subcoriaceous, veins insconspicuous, densely uncinate. Seed ca. 2 ×
1.5 mm
, quadrangular, hilum central.
Selected specimens examined:—
BRAZIL
.
Amapá
:
Macapá
:
Perímetro Urbano
, na margem do
rio Amazonas
,
10 March 1962
, fl.,
J
.
Mattos
&
N
.
Mattos
9933
(
SP
,
RB
).
Amazonas
:
Manaus
:
Parque
10, ao longo da estrada,
15 May 1971
, fl.,
P
.
J
.
M
.
Maas
&
H
.
Maas
s.n.
(
K
,
U
)
.
Bahia
:
Iaçú
: rodovia BA-046,
17 July 1982
, fl., fr.,
G
.
Hatschbach
&
O
.
Guimarães
45094
(
K
,
HBG
)
.
Ceará
:
Tiangua
: rodovia
Sobral Tianguá
(BR-222), km 67, início
da Serra de Ibiapaba
,
30 June 1997
, fl., fr.,
L
.
Coradin
et al. 7868
(
CEN
,
HUEFS
,
K
)
.
Espírito Santo
:
Presidente Kennedy
:
Praia das Neves
,
18 May 1994
, fl., fr.,
C
.
Farney
et al. 3355
(
RB
)
.
Goiás
:
Caldas Novas
:
Vale dos Sonhos
, ca.
2km
da entrada da fazenda
Princesa do Vale
, área conhecida como
Mata Verde
, km 732 da
BR 158
,
13 January 2009
, fl., fr.,
L
.
C
.
P
.
Lima
et al. 515
(
HUEFS
)
.
Maranhão
: s. mun.:
Ferrovia São Luis-Carajás
,
14 May 1985
, fl.,
N
.
A
.
Rosa
&
M
.
F
.
F
.
da
Silva
4835
(
MG
)
.
Mato Grosso
:
Poconé
: rodovia
Transpantaneira
, MT-060,
10 km
de Poconé
e próximo a entrada da fazenda
Piuval
,
11 June 2007
, fl., fr.,
V
.
J
.
Pott
&
A
.
Pott
9368
(
CGMS
,
HUEFS
);
Santo Antônio de Leverger
:
Arredores de Santo
Antônio de Leverger
, 15-25
Km
Sde
Cuiabá
,
12 February 1975
, fl
.,
92
•
Phytotaxa
169 (1) © 2014 Magnolia Press
LIMA
ET AL.
DESMODIUM
(LEGUMINOSAE,
PAPILIONOIDEAE
) IN
BRAZIL
FIGURE 33.
Desmodium triflorum
.
A. Habit. B. Stipules inner surface. C. Calyx inner surface (opened). D. Parts of the corolla from the bottom to top: keel petals, wing petals, and standard. E. Androecium diadelphous (opened). F. Gynoecium. G. Fruit. H. Seed. (A–H:
Lima 515
).
Phytotaxa
169 (1) © 2014
Magnolia Press
•
93
fr.,
W
.
R
.
Anderson
11347
(
MBM
,
U
).
Mato Grosso do Sul
:
Corumbá
:
Reserva Acurizal
, sede,
25 March 2003
, fl.,
V
.
J
.
Pott
&
A
.
Pott
6047
(
CGMS
,
HUEFS
).
Minas Gerais
:
Governador Valadares
:
BR116
-
km 570,
7 June 1976
, fl., fr.,
N
.
M
.
S
.
Costa
632
(
PAMG
).
Paraíba
:
Areia
:
Engenho Bom-Fim
,
8 July 1976
, fl.,
P
.
C
.
Fevereiro
&
V
.
P
.
Barbosa
327
(
RB
).
Pernambuco
:
Fernando de Noronha
:
Jardim do Hotel
de trânsito do
Governo
,
1 October 2002
, fl., fr.,
A
.
M
.
Miranda
4022
(
HUEFS
).
Piauí
:
Bom Jesus
: rodovia
Bom Jesus-Gilbués
, 23
Km Oeste
da cidade
de Bom Jesus
,
20 June 1983
, fl., fr.,
L
.
Coradin
et al. 5890
(
CEN
,
HUEFS
,
K
,
MBM
).
Rio de Janeiro
: s. mun.:
Morro do Flamengo
, s.d., fl., fr.,
J
.
Miers
3658
(
K
).
Rio Grande do Norte
:
Extremoz
:
Lagoa do Extremoz
,
27 March 1917
, fl.,
A
.
Lutz
1340
(
R
).
Rondônia
:
Porto Velho
:
BR 364
sentido
Rio Branco
,
Universidade Federal
de
Rondônia
,
2 November 2005
, fl.,
F
.
Bonadeu
104
(
RON
).
Roraima
:
Mucajaí
: s. loc.,
21 March 1971
, fl., fr.,
G
.
T
.
Prance
et al. 11156
(
INPA
,
K
,
M
,
U
).
Santa Catarina
:
Florianópolis
:
Praia da Daniela
,
18 March 2005
, fl.,
T
.
Kajita
et al. 50318101
(
RB
).
São Paulo
:
Matão
: fazenda
Experimental
do
IBEC
,
18 January 1963
, fl., fr.,
C
.
Moura
76
(
SP
).
Sergipe
:
Canindé de São Francisco
:
Prainha
,
16 June 1999
, fl.,
R
.
A
.
Silva
&
D. Moura
561
(
HUEFS
)
.
Distribution and Ecology:—
tropics of Africa, Asia,
Australia
, Central and South America (
Ohashi 1973
,
Schubert 1980
,
Pedley 1999
,
Lima
et al.
2010
). In
Brazil
D.triflorum occurs
in the States of
Alagoas
,
Amapá
, Amazonas,
Bahia
,
Ceará
,
Espírito Santo
,
Maranhão
,
Mato Grosso
,
Mato Grosso do Sul
,
Minas Gerais
,
Paraíba
,
Pernambuco
,
Piauí
,
Rio de Janeiro
,
Rio Grande do Norte
,
Rondônia
,
Roraima
,
Santa Catarina
,
São Paulo
, and
Sergipe
, in areas of
Cerrado
and Rain Forest, generally on sandy soils.
Conservation Assessment:—
Least Concern (LC), not endangered (
IUCN 2001
).
Phenology:—
flowering and fruiting throughout the year.
Etymology:—
from the Latin
tri
(= three) +
flos
(= flower), in a reference to the three flowers per node on tne inflorescence.
Common Name:—
amor-de-velho; carrapicho-rasteiro; trevo.
Taxonomic notes:—
easily recognised by the prostrate habit, obcordate leaflets less than
1 cm
in length, and fasciculate inflorescences.
Desmodium triflorum
is commonly misidentified as
D. adscendens
and
D. barbatum
due to the prostrate habit and obcordate leaflets, but it can be distinguished on the basis of the fasciculate inflorescence (vs. pseudoracemose in
D. adscendens
and
D. barbatum
), ovate stipules (vs. lanceolate or ovatelanceolate), and quadrangular loment articles (vs. oblong).
Some studies of
Desmodium
, such as
Schubert (1963)
, followed by
Capdevila (1994)
and
Vanni (2001)
, indicated the specimen LINN 921.45 as the
type
of
Hedysarum triflorum
. However,
Fawcett & Rendle (1920)
made the first lectotypification of this taxon based on the specimen of
Herb. Hermann 297
deposited in the herbarium BM (
Turland & Jarvis 1997
), a decision accepted in this study.
Hedysarum stipulaceum
(
Burmann 1768
)
and
Meibomia triflora
var.
pilosa
f.
violacea
(
Kuntze 1891
)
are recognised as synonyms of
D. triflorum
in agreement with
Bentham (1859)
,
Schindler (1928)
,
Schubert (1980)
, and
Azevedo (1981)
.