The species of the Hypostomus cochliodon group (Siluriformes: Loricariidae).
Author
Jonathan W. Armbruster
text
Zootaxa
2003
249
1
60
http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:DDFAA9D6-E4FA-4C3C-9749-CF0313D30F3C
journal article
z00249p001
DDFAA9D6-E4FA-4C3C-9749-CF0313D30F3C
Hypostomus pyrineusi Miranda-Ribeiro 1920
(Fig. 20)
Hypostomus pyrineusi Miranda-Ribeiro 1920
: 9, pls. 3-4.
Material examined:
BOLIVIA
.
Beni
:,
Rio
Curiraba,
Rio
Madeira dr. Campamento Trapiche,
USNM
305281, 1, (119.8)
.
Rio
Itenez,
Rio
Beni -
Rio
Madeira dr. 5 km S Costa Marques, Brasil, 1 km above mouth of
Rio
Baures,
AMNH
39941, 1, (210.1)
.
Rio
Itenez,
Rio
Beni dr. 9 km SE of Costa Marques, Brasil,
UMMZ
204399, 5, (139.9-226.7)
.
Rio
Itenez,
Rio
Beni -
Rio
Madeira dr. opposite Costa Marques, Brasil,
AMNH
39758, 2, (92.0-213.4)
.
Rio
Itenez,
Rio
Beni -
Rio
Madeira dr. playa pond, 9 km SE Costa Marques, Brasil,
AMNH
40108 (none measured)
.
Rio
Maniqui,
Rio
Marmore -
Rio
Madeira dr. San Borja,
INHS
36995, 2, (162.7-176.0)
.
BRAZIL
.
Acre
: Rio Macauhan, Rio Yaco - Rio Purus dr. vicinity of Rio Macauhan,
USNM
94653, 1, (122.5)
.
Rio Macaua, Rio Iaco dr. near Sena Madueira,
09°20’S
,
68°45’W
,
AMNH
12599, 1, (113.5)
.
Amazonas
: Rio Jamari,
MNRJ
863, 1, (204.0)
,
Holotype
:
ECUADOR
.
Napo
:
Rio
Catapino,
Rio
Corrientes -
Rio
Napo dr.
MCNG
9724, 1, (174.8)
.
Rio
Pucuno, Rio Suno - Rio Napo dr.
00°47’S
,
77°16’W
,
USNM
177222, 1, (71.3)
.
Rio
Lushian,
Rio
Misahuali dr. at bridge E of Rucullacta,
00°54’42”S
,
77°48’48”W
,
CAS
106013
.
Shansho
Cano
,
USNM
124875, 1, (100.5)
.
PERU
.
Amazonas
:
Rio
Maranon
dr. 1 km upstream from Caterpiza,
LACM
42005-13, 2, (84.1-89.5)
and
LACM
42003-8, 2, (150.6-174.3)
.
Rio
Maranon
dr. 100 m downstream from Caterpiza,
LACM
41996-9, 1, (137.1)
and
LACM
41972-3, 1, (140.9)
.
Rio
Maranon
dr. 300 m upstream from Caterpiza,
LACM
41813-1, 1, (207.7)
.
Rio
Maranon
dr. 500 m upstream from Caterpiza,
LACM
41992-7, 4, 1 cs, (162.4-190.1)
and
LACM
42010-8, 1, (108.0)
.
Rio
Maranon
dr. 800 m upstream from Caterpiza,
LACM
41834-1, 1, (131.2)
.
Rio
Maranon
dr. Caterpiza,
LACM
41873-7, 1, (180.7)
,
LACM
41882-4, 1, (180.9)
,
LACM
41884-1, 1, (198.9)
,
LACM
41887-5, 1, (160.3)
,
LACM
42009-10, 1, (133.9-164.9)
,
LACM
41898-2, 1, (140.0)
,
LACM
41893-9, 2, 1 cs, (152.8-163.2)
,
LACM
42115-8, 1, (104.7)
,
LACM
41895-6, 1, (152.8-163.2)
,
and
LACM
42116-4, 1, (93.0)
.
Quebrada Kayamasa,
Rio
Maranon
dr. 40 km upstream from Caterpiza,
FMNH
97016, 1, (140.9)
,
LACM
41872-4, 2, (150.9-187.7)
,
LACM
41846-4, 1, (199.7)
,
LACM
41852-1, 1, (173.6)
,
and
LACM
41853-4, 2, (136.7-156.4)
.
Quebrada Pastazilla,
Rio
Santiago -
Rio
Maranon
dr.
LACM
39947-8, 2, (208.5-215.1)
.
Quebrada Yutupiza,
Rio
Maranon
dr.
LACM
36337-10, 1, (159.4)
.
Rio
Cenepa,
Rio
Maranon
dr. near San Antonio,
LACM
39638-3, 3, 1 cs, (94.2-202.8)
.
Rio
Huampani,
Rio
Maranon
dr. Maja Quebrada,
LACM
36359-2, 1, (228.0)
.
Rio
Maranon
,
Rio
Amazonas dr. at and across from Sta. Maria de Nieva and confluence of
Rio
Nieva,
FMNH
97017, 2, (110.6-131.9)
.
Rio
Santiago,
Rio
Maranon
dr. at La Poza,
LACM
41724-17, 1, (131.5)
,
LACM
41723-10, 1, (130.5)
,
LACM
41729-39, 1, (147.7)
,
LACM
41730-11, 1, (128.8)
,
LACM
39883-11, 3, 1 cs, (137.9-170.8)
.
Huanaco
:,
Rio
Huallaga,
Rio
Ucayali dr. at Tingo Maria,
CAS
56754, 2, 1 cs, (79.6-86.1)
and
CAS
95117, 2, 1 cs, (69.7-160.5)
.
Rio
Rondos,
Rio
Monzon dr. vicinity of Tingo Maria, just above new bridge site,
ANSP
38873 (none measured)
.
Loreto
:
Rio
Amazonas, Atlantic Ocean dr.
INHS
39358 (none measured)
.
Rio
Amazonas, Atlantic Ocean dr. 21.1 mi NE Iquitos bearing 22°,
03°30’30”S
,
73°03’28”W
,
INHS
39122 (65.2)
.
Rio
Amazonas, Atlantic Ocean dr. at Pueblo Gallito,
INHS
36939, 1, (80.3)
.
Rio
Itaya,
Rio
Amazonas dr. approx. 10 km S Santa Clara,
INHS
36877, 1, (94.8)
.
Rio
Nanay,
Rio
Amazonas dr. well above Morona cocha,
ANSP
38874 (none measured)
.
Rio
Napo,
Rio
Amazonas dr. at Mazan,
INHS
36565 (none measured)
.
Madre de Dios:,
Cano
Pachija,
Rio
Madre de Dios dr. Manu National Park, Pakitza, from mouth to 7 km upstream,
USNM
319601, (81.2)
.
Cano
Picaflor,
Rio
Madre de Dios dr. Pakitza,
Cana
Brava Trail #19,
USNM
319353, 1, (114.1)
.
Tributary,
Rio
Tambopata -
Rio
Madre de Dios dr. stream enters
Rio
Tambopata from S bank approximately 500 m downstream of Explorer’s Inn boat landing,
12°49’35”S
,
69°17’30”W
,
USNM
264049, 1, (178.5)
.
Tributary to
Rio
Madre de Dios, on S side about 10 km downstream of junction of
Rio
Tambopata and
Rio
Madre de Dios,
12°30’S
,
69°10’W
,
USNM
263911, 1, (130.1)
.
Tributary,
Rio
Tambopata -
Rio
Madre de Dios dr. second stream entering
Rio
Tambopata on SW shore upstream of mouth of
Rio
La Torre,
12°49’40”S
,
69°18’W
,
USNM
264050, 2, (143.0-202.6)
.
Diagnosis:
Hypostomus pyrineusi
is distinguished from most members of the
H. cochliodon
group except some
H. cochliodon
,
H. levis
,
H. ericius
,
H. oculeus
, and
H. taphorni
by having 0-10 (usually 0; Fig. 2B) odontodes on the opercle (vs. 11 or more).
Hypostomus pyrineusi
further differs from
H. hemicochliodon
and
H. sculpodon
by lacking a ridge on the pterotic-supracleithrum (Fig. 5B), by the presence of large, spoonshaped teeth (vs. teeth intermediate; Fig. 1C vs. B), and a lack of a buccal papilla; from
H. ericius
,
H. hemicochliodon
,
H. oculeus
, and
H. sculpodon
by lacking strong, sharp keels on the lateral plates; from
H. levis
by having an adipose fin; from
H. cochliodon
by having the spots more numerous and close-set on the body (vs. spots absent or widely spaced); and from
H. taphorni
by having pigmentation on the lobes of the caudal fin equally distributed (vs. lower lobe darker than upper).
Description: See
Hypostomus cochliodon
group description for more details. Morphometric data given in Table 5. Body typically almost entirely dark brown with medium to large spots present. Spots on head fairly large when compared to those of
H. hondae
,
H. pagei
, and
H. taphorni
. Spots increasing in size and fading posteriorly, absent on caudal peduncle. Spots on abdomen typically large, some specimens with medium-sized spots, spots never as small as in
H. taphorni
; (Fig. 22). Spots occasionally absent and entire fish dark brown (almost black). Caudal fin may be entirely spotted, but caudal-fin membranes and rays typically black or black distally and light proximally; caudal-fin spines typically spotted although some specimens with entirely black caudal-fin spines; caudal fin not bicolored. Abdomen colored as sides, sometimes slightly lighter. Color in juveniles as in adults, but spots comparatively larger and abdomen generally white and unspotted.
Dorsal fin short, rarely reaching preadipose plate when depressed. Depressed pectoralfin spine ventral to pelvic fin reaches 2-3 plates beyond pelvic-fin rays. Tip of pectoral-fin spine of nuptial males with stout, recurved, hypertrophied odontodes.
Keels weak to moderately developed. Orbits forming moderate ridge slightly raised above medial surface of head; ridges of dorsal and lateral aspect of head fairly well-developed. Longitudinal ridge on pterotic-supracleithrum beginning at posterodorsal corner of eye formed from raised bone and slightly larger odontodes absent. Opercle usually supporting no odontodes, but occasionally one to three odontodes are present. Nuptial body odontodes present (Fig. 2B). Plates in skin anterior to dorsal-fin spine absent or few (Fig. 6A; Table 7).
Each jaw with 5-14 teeth (mode = 8), teeth large and spoon-shaped. Average angle between dentaries 55° (SD = 7°; range: 43°-69°, N=30). Lateral line plates 26-31; dorsal plates 8-9; interdorsal plates 4-7; adipose caudal plates 9-16.
Range: Found in the
Rio
Madeira drainage of Bolivia and Brazil, the
Rios
Napo, Ucayali,
Maranon
and upper
Rio
Amazonas drainage of Peru, and the
Rio
Napo drainage of Ecuador, (Fig. 8).
Hypostomus pyrineusi
is sympatric with
H. ericius
,
H. hemicochliodon
, and
H. oculeus
and is potentially sympatric with
H. levis
.