On a collection of hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Hydroidolina) from the west coast of Sweden, with a checklist of species from the region 3171 Author Calder, Dale R. text Zootaxa 2012 2012-01-24 3171 1 1 77 https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3171.1.1 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.3171.1.1 1175­5334 5247704 Racemoramus panicula (G.O. Sars, 1874 ) , comb. nov. Fig. 24 Campanulina panicula G.O. Sars, 1874: 121 , pl. 5, figs. 9–13.— Kramp, 1941: 4 , fig. 5.— Rees & Rowe 1969: 17 .— Jägerskiöld, 1971: 61 .— Cornelius, 1995a: 192 , fig. 43D. Type locality. Norway : Oslofjord , 50–60 fm ( 91–110 m ) (G.O. Sars 1874: 121 ) . Museum material. Kosterhavet, 58°53.093’N , 11°05.668’E , 20–30 m , 09.ix.2010 , biological dredge, R / V Nereus , two colonies or colony fragments, each with many hydrocauli, up to 3.8 cm high, on polychaete tubes and ascidians, without gonophores, ROMIZ B3916 . Remarks. Kramp (1941) provided a thorough description of Opercularella panicula (G.O. Sars, 1874 ) based on specimens from Norway and Sweden , and remarked on its similarity to Campanulina denticulata Clarke, 1907 from deep waters of the eastern tropical Pacific ( Clarke 1907 ) and Sagami Bay, Japan ( Stechow 1913 ). Leloup (1974) discounted seeming differences between the two as ecologically induced and regarded them as conspecific. Vervoort (1966) referred Campanulina indivisa Fraser, 1948 , from bathyal depths off California, to the synonymy of O. denticulata . Subsequent authors have mostly agreed that these are all synonyms. Nevertheless, their combined range is so extensive that it raises doubts whether a single species is represented. In addition to records in the eastern Atlantic (e.g., Cornelius 1995a , as Campanulina panicula ), similar hydroids have been reported from deep waters in the western Pacific ( Stechow 1913 : as Campanulina denticulata ; Hirohito 1995 : as Opercularella panicula ; Schuchert 2003 : as Campanulina panicula ), the eastern Pacific ( Clarke 1907 : as Campanulina denticulata ; Fraser 1948 : as Campanulina (?) indivisa ; Leloup 1974 : as Opercularella panicula ), and the Indian Ocean ( Vervoort 1966 : as? Opercularella denticulata ). Schuchert (2003) reported that materials from Indonesia were indistinguishable from those examined earlier from Iceland ( Schuchert 2001a ), supporting the hypothesis that a single species is represented. Its bathymetric range is also reported as being astoundingly wide, from 20–30 m (this study) to 5200 m ( Stechow 1913 , as Campanulina denticulata ). As noted above, I prefer on zoogeographic grounds to keep the Atlantic R. panicula distinct from the Indo-Pacific R. denticulata . This hydroid seems to be quite frequent in the Oslofjord, its type locality, having been collected at 12 stations there by Christiansen (1972) . Records of R. panicula from Swedish waters are all from the Skagerrak (see Checklist). It was not recorded in Danish waters by Kramp (1935b) . Of five figures of the species in the paper by Kramp (1941) , only one ( Fig. 5 ) was based on material from Sweden . Reported distribution. West coast of Sweden .—Säcken Reef ( Rees & Rowe 1969 , as Campanulina panicula ) to Skagerrak off Grebbestad ( Kramp 1941 , as Campanulina panicula ). Elsewhere.—Northeast Atlantic from Trondheimfjord, Norway ( Storm 1882 , as Campanulina panicula ), and Iceland ( Schuchert 2000 , 2001a , as Campanulina panicula ), to Morocco and southern Africa ( Ramil & Iglesias 1988 , as Opercularella panicula ; Cornelius 1995a , as Campanulina panicula ).