A global revision of the Seahorses Hippocampus Rafinesque 1810 (Actinopterygii: Syngnathiformes): Taxonomy and biogeography with recommendations for further research Author Sara A. Lourie Author Riley A. Pollom Author Sarah J. Foster text Zootaxa 2016 4146 1 1 66 journal article 37541 10.11646/zootaxa.4146.1.1 f27bf01d-bf27-4e86-b2ba-81b84931d348 1175-5326 268078 35E0DECB-20CE-4295-AE8E-CB3CAB226C70 Valid Hippocampus species Standard institutional codes are used for all specimens cited (see Sabaj-PĂ©rez 2014 ). We include synonyms and highlight unresolved taxonomic controversies in the annotations for each species. References for the original descriptions of all valid species are included in the bibliography. Primary synonyms (i.e. those for which the type specimens represent the same species) only are given, since any attempt to rationalize subsequent misidentifications by different authors will surely lead to more confusion.