Litonotus carinatus Stokes, 1885

Vďačný, Peter & Rajter, Ľubomír, 2014, An annotated and revised checklist of pleurostome ciliates (Protista: Ciliophora: Litostomatea) from Slovakia, Central Europe, Zootaxa 3760 (4), pp. 501-521 : 510

Litonotus carinatus Stokes, 1885

Lionotus carinatus — Matis 1961: 772.

Litonotus carinatus — Matis 1973: 30, 31; Tirjaková & Matis 1987: 9; Matis & Straková-Striešková 1991: 114; Matis & Tirjaková 1992: 52; Tirjaková 1993: 134; Matis & Tirjaková 1994: 58.

Nomenclature. Incorrect subsequent spelling of generic name as “ Lionotus ” in Matis (1961) and therefore unavailable according to the Articles 33.3 and 33.5 of the ICZN (1999).

Main morphological characters (according to Song & Wilbert 1989; designated as L. obtusus ). Length 70– 110 µm in vivo. Body lanceolate with usually broadly rounded posterior body end; left side vaulted carrying a median rib. Two macronuclear nodules with a single micronucleus in between. Contractile vacuole dorsal and distinctly subterminal. Extrusomes rod-like, about 8 µm long, attached along whole length of oral bulge and to posterior body end. Somatic ciliary pattern Litonotus -like; 6–8 right and about 5 left kineties.

Morphological notes. Matis (1961) usually observed specimens having a length of 80–100 Μm, but sometimes also smaller specimens were found.

Distribution. Litonotus carinatus was found in organic mud from backwaters of the River Danube near Ereč (Husie) at low abundance during the whole year ( Matis 1961); rarely in the upper water layer in the centre of a pond in Tomky during August and November ( Matis 1973); in submerged, wet and dry mosses from Slovenský Raj at a frequency of 11.32, 19.69 and 1.66, respectively ( Tirjaková & Matis 1987); in thermal lakes of the Bojnice Spa at 11–38 °C and pH 5.5–7.3 ( Matis & Straková-Striešková 1991); in the backwaters of the Danube River in Čičov ( Matis & Tirjaková 1992); in the periphyton and benthos of the Turiec River ( Tirjaková 1993); in the main stream of the Morava River and in ponds as well as in small lakes of the Morava inundation zone ( Matis & Tirjaková 1994).

Notes. For further details on taxonomy and synonymy, see Issue 3 in ‘Notes and discussion on the checklist’.