Apopyllus suavis ( Simon, 1893 )

Azevedo, Guilherme H. F., Ott, Ricardo, Griswold, Charles E. & Santos, Adalberto J., 2016, A taxonomic revision of the ground spiders of the genus Apopyllus (Araneae: Gnaphosidae), Zootaxa 4178 (3), pp. 301-327 : 306-309

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.4178.3.1

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:2EE90745-EEA2-4ECA-A82B-EFC246495682

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6077900

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B9562D-F55F-FF8F-B582-D327FAC7CF63

treatment provided by

Plazi

scientific name

Apopyllus suavis ( Simon, 1893 )
status

 

Apopyllus suavis ( Simon, 1893) View in CoL

Figs 3 View FIGURE 3 B, 4B, 5B, 6B, 7B, 8B, 9C–D, 10B, 11B, 12B, 13B, 14B, 16A–C

Herpyllus suavis Simon, 1893: 455 , fig. 25. Female lectotype here designated from Colonia Tovar , Aragua, Venezuela (10º24’19”N, 67º17’22”W), deposited in MNHN (examined). Paralectotype not conspecific (see A. centralis View in CoL below). GoogleMaps

Apopyllus suavis: Platnick & Shadab 1984: 7 View in CoL , figs 17–18.

Zelotes pauper Mello-Leitão, 1942: 413 , fig. 39. Female holotype from General Capdevila, Chaco, Argentina (27º25’18”S, 61º28’37”W), deposited in MLP 15500 (examined through photographs). New synonymy. GoogleMaps

Zelotes iheringi Mello-Leitão, 1943: 262 . Female holotype from Paraíba, Brazil (36º30’S, 75º15’W), deposited in MNRJ 58361 View Materials (examined). New synonymy. GoogleMaps

Apopyllus pauper: Platnick & Shadab, 1984: 4 View in CoL , figs 5, 6.

Apopyllus iheringi: Platnick & Shadab, 1984: 5 View in CoL , figs 11–14.

Diagnosis. Females can be distinguished by the secondary spermatheca with diameter at least two thirds as long as the primary spermatheca, by the TPD curved dorsally, by the curved PDT ( Figs 12 View FIGURE 12 B, 13B) and by the short belllike paramedian epigynal pockets ( Figs 10 View FIGURE 10 B, 11B). Males can be distinguished by the moderately pointed terminal part of RTA in dorsal and retrobasal view ( Figs 7 View FIGURE 7 B, 8B, 9D), by the gently curved dorsal keel of RTA in apical view ( Fig. 9 View FIGURE 9 C) and by the rhomboidal shape of RTA in retrobasal view ( Fig. 9 View FIGURE 9 D).

Synonymy. Apopyllus suavis was described based on two syntypes from Venezuela ( Simon 1893). One of the syntypes has morphology similar to the types of A. pauper and A. iheringi and the variation observed in the material examined here suggests that A. suavis should be considered a senior synonym of the other two names. This syntype is here designated as a lectotype of A. suavis . The paralectotype, on the other hand, is not conspecific with the lectotype, but is actually a member of A. centralis new sp., which is described below.

Apopyllus pauper was described as having the “paramedian epigynal ducts expanded anteriorly into bulbous form” ( Platnick & Shadab 1984: p. 5, figs 5–6). This description matches the aspect of the holotype genitalia when examined ventrally, without any preparation. However, the tracts do not look expanded anteriorly into bulbous form when the genitalia are examined under clove oil or methyl salicilate ( Fig. 15A View FIGURE 15. A –B), and the duct aspect does not seem to be different from that observed for A. suavis neither for Apopyllus iheringi type material. Other aspects of the morphology of the A. pauper holotype also seem to be within the variation observed in the A. suavis . Thus, we do not see evidence that could indicate that A. suavis and A. pauper are different species.

Description. Female described by Platnick & Shadab (1984: 4) under A. suavis , except for genitalia, that is like the diagnosis reported here. Male described by Platnick & Shadab (1984: 5) under A. iheringi .

Variation. The anterior ridge of the epigynum varies from straight to concave in the posterior and/or anterior margin. The dorsal keel of RTA might be from moderate to strongly curved. RTA simple or with a small basal retrolateral tubercle as in A. silvestrii . Some specimens might be dark brown to black with a white or silver gray dorsal longitudinal stripe in the opisthosoma and carapace, or with carapace entirely silver gray ( Fig. 16 View FIGURE 16 A–C). Male carapace length (N = 18) 1.28–3.4. Female carapace length (N = 16) 1.96–3.40.

Material examined. ARGENTINA : Catamarca: Villavil, 8km E. of Andalgalá , 27º36'16"S, 66º17'16"W, 3♀, 30.XII.1974, F.A. Enders coll. ( USNM) GoogleMaps ; Córdoba: Los Molinos , 31º50'46"S, 64º22'59"W, 1♀ 1 juvenile, 7.XII.1997, A. Kury coll. ( MNRJ 6663 View Materials ) GoogleMaps ; La Pampa: Cuaracó, RN 152, 56 km from Casa de Piedra , 38º8'40"S, 66º29'33"W GoogleMaps , 295m, 2Ƌ 2 juveniles, 11.X.2014, A.D. Brescovit et al. coll. ( IBSP 167048 View Materials , MACN-Ar 34838), Lihué Calel, Parque Nacional Lihué Calel, Cerro de La Sociedad Científica Argentina , 38º0'25"S, 65º35'47"W GoogleMaps , 1♀, 11.X.2014, A.D. Brescovit et al. coll. (MACN-Ar 34513), Lihué Calel, PN Lihué Calel, cerro Fortaleza, 38º1'15"S, 65º35'32"W, 419m, 3Ƌ 3 juveniles, 11.X.2014, A.D. Brescovit et al. coll. ( IBSP 167047 View Materials , MACN-Ar 34843), Lihué Calel, 1Ƌ 1 juvenile ( IBSP 167049 View Materials ); La Rioja: Mazan , 29º25'15"S, 66º51'0"W GoogleMaps , 1♀, 8.XII.1974, F.A. Enders coll. ( USNM); Río Negro: El Cuy, RP 6, 88 km SW from General Roca, 39º42'28"S, 68º9'19"W GoogleMaps , 617 m, 1Ƌ, 12.X.2014, A.D. Brescovit et al. coll. (MACN-Ar 34844), General Roca, Cinco Saltos, camino a Lago Pellegrini, 38º48'42"S, 68º3'7"W GoogleMaps , 270m, 1Ƌ 1♀, 16.X.2014, A.D. Brescovit et al. coll. ( IBSP 167054 View Materials , MACN-Ar 34545), General Roca , Paso Córdoba, 39º7'37"S, 67º40'6"W GoogleMaps , 266m, 1Ƌ, 15.X.2014, A.D. Brescovit et al. coll. (MACN-Ar 34839), Valcheta, 1♀ ( IBSP 167050 View Materials ), Valcheta, RN 23, 36 km SE from Valcheta , 40º51'37"S, 65º48'44"W GoogleMaps , 208m, 2Ƌ 3♀ 1 juvenile, 13.X.2014, A.D. Brescovit et al. coll. (MACN-Ar 34841). BRAZIL: Bahia: Feira de Santana, Chácara Promenade , 1♀, 4–6.I.2003, T. V. Aguzzoli coll. ( MCN 35061) ; Goiás: Catalão, Barragem para Aproveitamento Hidrelétrico Serra do Facão , 17º31'56.09"S, 47º33'36"W, 754m, 1♀, VII.2010 GoogleMaps , R.B. Martines & R.M.C. Silveira coll. (UFMG 4565), 17º52'20.39"S, 47º37'34.89"W, 739m, 1♀, VII.2010, R.B. Martines & R.M.C. Silveira coll. (UFMG 4584), 17º36'26.07"S, 47º37'13.57"W, 811m, 2Ƌ, VII.2010, R.B. Martines & R.M.C. Silveira coll. ( UFMG 4566 View Materials ); Maranhão: Caxias, Reserva Ecológica Inhamum , 4º49'60"S, 43º20'69"W GoogleMaps , 5♀, 2–5.X.2007, J.F.B. Lima-Lobato & F. Limeira de Oliveira coll. (IBSP 129017, 129022, 129023), 1Ƌ 4♀, 26–29.IX.2007, J.F.B. Lima-Lobato & F. Limeira de Oliveira coll. ( IBSP 129015, 129024 ); Mato Grosso: Chapada dos Guimarães, 2Ƌ, 20-29.VII.2000 , C. Strussmann coll. (MCTP 11310), 2Ƌ, 23-30.VIII.2000, C. Strussmann coll. ( MCTP 11327 View Materials ); Mato Grosso do Sul: Três Lagoas, Horto Barra do Moeda , 20º57'0"S, 51º47'0"W, 1Ƌ 1♀, 8.VIII.2007 GoogleMaps , M. Uehara-Prado coll. (UFMG 5073); Minas Gerais: Belo Horizonte, Estação Ecológica da UFMG, 19º52'38"S, 43º58'16"W GoogleMaps , 845m, 1Ƌ, 2003 ( UFMG 8328 View Materials ), Belo Horizonte , Parque Municipal das Mangabeiras, 19º56'38.98"S, 43º54'1.07"W GoogleMaps , 1♀, 5–12.XII.2008, H.H. Santos et al. coll. ( UFMG 7886 View Materials ), Cardeal Mota, Serra do Cipó , 19º20'15.84"S, 43º38'18.72"W GoogleMaps , 805m, 2♀, 17.VII.2012, P.H. Martins et al. coll. (UFMG 12326, 12327), Catas Altas, RPPN Santuário do Caraça, Cachoeira da Bocaina , 20º7'25"S, 43º27'56"W, 1♀, 12.IX.2015 GoogleMaps , G.H.F. Azevedo coll. ( UFMG 18861 View Materials ), Gouveia, Fazenda Fagundes, Capão , 18º25’35.6”S, 43º454.56”W, 1071m, 1♀, 25.XII.2015 , P.H. Martins coll. ( UFMG 19959 View Materials ), Leme do Prado, Reserva Estadual de Acauã , 17º7'94.2"S, 42º43'98.1"W, 887m, 2Ƌ 2♀, 18–28.II.2013 GoogleMaps , P.H. Martins coll. (UFMG 12837), 17º9'3.6"S, 42º46'24.1"W, 856m, 4♀, 18–28.II.2013, P.H. Martins coll. ( UFMG 12982 View Materials ), Manga, Parque Estadual da Mata Seca , 14º50'54"S, 43º59'17"W GoogleMaps , 1♀, IX.2010, 14 º50'58"S, 44º0'28"W, 2Ƌ, IX.2011, 14 º50'54"S, 43º59'17"W, 2Ƌ, IX.2011, R.N.S.L. Garro et al. coll. (UFMG 14775–14777), Santo Antônio do Itambé, Parque Estadual do Pico de Itambé, 18º27'58"S, 43º18'27"W, 757m, 1♀, 16–17.II.2013, P.H. Martins coll. ( UFMG 12981 View Materials ), São Gonçalo do Rio Abaixo, Estação de Preservação e Desenvolvimento Ambiental de Peti , 19º58'23"S, 43º29'57"W GoogleMaps , 820m, 1♀, 8–9.XII.2012, G.H.F. Azevedo et al. coll. ( UFMG 12653 View Materials ); Pernambuco: Serra Talhada, Fazenda Saco, Mata da Pimenteira , 7º53'S, 38º18'W GoogleMaps , 1♀, 17.X.2010, M. Carvalho coll. (UFMG 4492); Piauí: Piracuruca, Parque Nacional Sete Cidades, 4º05'56.2''S, 41º43'12.9''W, 1Ƌ, no data, no col. ( MPEG 7904 View Materials ) GoogleMaps ; Rio Grande do Sul: Santana do Livramento , Faz. Bela Vista do Ibirapuitã, 1Ƌ, 14.XI.2012, Equipe PELD / MCN coll. ( MCN 52297); Santana do Livramento, APA do Ibirapuitã, Faz. D. Laura, Rincão Bonito , 1♀, 12.XI.2012; R. Ott coll. (MCN 52309), APA do Ibirapuitã Faz. Bela Vista, 1f, 14.XI.2012; Eq. PELD / MCN coll ( MCN 52310). Roraima: Amajari, Vila Tepequém, prox. Da Pousada PSJ, 3º47'10.4"N, 61º43'15.3"W GoogleMaps , 640m, 1Ƌ, 17.VII.2014, L.S. Carvalho et al. coll. ( UFMG 17107 View Materials ); Tocantins : Santa Fé do Araguaia, 6º43'41.6"S, 48º48'8"W, 1Ƌ, 19.IV.2009, U. Oliveira & M.D GoogleMaps . Miranda coll. (UFMG 5736). PERU: Apurimac: Chincheros , 13º31'3"S, 73º42'24"W, 2Ƌ 3♀ 1 juvenile, 12.XII.1980, C. Gold coll. (CASENT 9057334). GoogleMaps

Distribution. Northern Argentina to southern Peru and to northern and northeastern Brazil ( Fig. 14 View FIGURE 14 B).

MNHN

Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle

MLP

Museo de La Plata

MNRJ

Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro

USNM

Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History

IBSP

Instituto Biologico de Sao Paulo

MCN

McNeese State University

UFMG

Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais

MCTP

Museu de Ciencias

MPEG

Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Arthropoda

Class

Arachnida

Order

Araneae

Family

Gnaphosidae

Genus

Apopyllus

Loc

Apopyllus suavis ( Simon, 1893 )

Azevedo, Guilherme H. F., Ott, Ricardo, Griswold, Charles E. & Santos, Adalberto J. 2016
2016
Loc

Apopyllus suavis:

Platnick 1984: 7
1984
Loc

Apopyllus pauper:

Platnick 1984: 4
1984
Loc

Apopyllus iheringi:

Platnick 1984: 5
1984
Loc

Zelotes iheringi Mello-Leitão, 1943 : 262

Mello-Leitao 1943: 262
1943
Loc

Zelotes pauper Mello-Leitão, 1942 : 413

Mello-Leitao 1942: 413
1942
Loc

Herpyllus suavis

Simon 1893: 455
1893
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