Harpactea kalavachiana, Guecel, Salih, Charalambidou, Iris, Goecmen, Bayram & nt, Kadir Bogac K, 2019

Guecel, Salih, Charalambidou, Iris, Goecmen, Bayram & nt, Kadir Bogac K, 2019, New data of spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of Cyprus. 1. Dysderidae found in caves, ZooKeys 825, pp. 43-53 : 43

Harpactea kalavachiana sp. n. Figures 9-11, 13, 14

Type.

Holotype ♀ (NMNU); CYPRUS Lefkoşa, Kalavaç Village, Saray (Palace) Cave (35°16'56"N; 33°32'09"E), hand collecting, 521 m, 14.VII.2017, leg. K.B. Kunt.

Comparative material.

Harpactea alanyana Özkütük, Elverici, Marusik & Kunt, 2015: TURKEY 1♀ (ETAM) Antalya, Alanya, Taşatan Plateau (36°38'37.35"N; 32°4'42.09"E), 24.IV.2011, leg. R.S. Özkütük (Figs 12, 15).

Harpactea parthica Brignoli, 1980: IRAN 1♀ (ZMUT), Mazandaran, 16.IX.1971, leg. P.T. Lehtinen & K. Kavén (Fig. 16).

Derivatio nominis.

The specific name refers to the type locality.

Diagnosis.

The general appearance of the broad posterior diverticulum, short transverse bar, and basal transverse part of the the anterior spermathecae of H. kalavachiana sp. n. are similar to those of H. alanyana (Turkey) (Fig. 15), H. parthica (Iran) (Fig. 16), and H. digiovannii Gasparo, 2014 (Cyclades, Greece). However, the distal expansion of the spermathecae in H. kalavachiana is 4‒5 times broader than the aforementioned species. Harpactea kalavachiana sp. n. differs from H. gunselorum Gücel, Fuller, Göçmen & Kunt, 2018 from Cyprus by the enlarged distal expansion of the spermatheca which is more than twice as wide as that of H. gunselorum , and from H. cecconi ( Kulczyński, 1908) by its body length, which is larger (female of H. cecconi : 5.15 mm).

Measurements of holotype.

TL 3.00; AL 1.70; CL 1.30; CWmax 1.00; CWmin 0.48; AMEd 0.03; PLEd 0.02; PMEd 0.02; ChF 0.31; ChG 0.15; ChL 0.78. Leg measurements as shown in Table 3.

Description of holotype.

Female. Carapace light brown. Cephalic region narrower and lighter compared to the thoracic region. Carapace with short blackish setae, fovea distinct. Eyes reduced (Figs 10-12).

Chelicerae and cheliceral fangs light brown. Chelicerae with scattered setae of varying lengths on the anterior surface (Figs 9-11). Labium, gnathocoxae, and sternum milky brown. Sternum with more hairs on the edges compared to the middle. Legs greyish. Coxae, trochanters, and especially the femora of legs I and II are darker than others (Fig. 9). Leg spination shown in Table 4.

Legs III and IV with weakly developed scopulae on distal parts of tarsi and metatarsi. Abdomen cylindirical, grey-brownish (Fig. 9). Abdomen covered with short, greyish setae, anterior setae longer than the ventral and dorsal ones. Margins of the tracheal spiracles are slightly sclerotized.

Vulva. Anterior part of vulva sclerotized. Distal crest (Dc) spinose. Distal crest (Dc) and the length of the rod-shaped part of the anterior spermatheca (Rsas) subequal in length. The width of the distal expansion of the spermatheca (Des) about twice longer than rod-shaped part of the anterior spermatheca (Rsas). Transverse bar (Tb) short and straight. Posterior diverticulum (Pd) well developed (Figs 13, 14).

Male unknown.

Distribution.

Known from the type locality only.

Comments.

Harpactea is the second largest genus of the Dysderidae with 181 named species. Most Harpactea species have six well-developed eyes, although several cave-dwelling species exhibit different levels of eye reduction. Harpactea sanctidomini Gasparo, 1997 (Tremiti Islands, Italy) has only four eyes, with the PME entirely reduced. Harpactea persephone Gasparo, 2011 (Kournas Cave, Chania Prefecture, Crete, Greece), H. karaschkhan Kunt et al., 2016 ( Yalandünya Cave, Gazipaşa, Antalya, Turkey), H. stalitoides Ribera, 1993 (Iberian Peninsula), and H. strinatii Brignoli, 1979 (Diros Caves, Peloponnese, Greece) are eyeless.

The eyes of H. kalavachiana sp. n. are reduced, and the AME are distant from each other, much more than average (Fig. 11). Epigean species of Harpactea are usually reddish, however, H. kalavachiana is paler compared to the other epigean species of Harpactea (Fig. 12).

Harpactea kalavachiana sp. n. can be considered part of the rubicunda (D) species group according to the grouping by Deeleman-Reinhold (1993) due to the large, membranous posterior diverticulum and the spination of the coxae and patellae.