Pacificampa daidarabotchi Sendra

Sendra, Alberto, Yoshizawa, Kazunori & Ferreira, Rodrigo Lopes, 2018, New oversize troglobitic species of Campodeidae in Japan (Diplura), Subterranean Biology 27, pp. 53-73 : 54-56

Pacificampa daidarabotchi Sendra sp. n. Figs 1-6, 7-10, 11-15, 16-17, 18-22, 31, Tables 1, 2

Etymology.

This species is the largest Campodeidae known to date. Daidarabotchi is a giant in Japanese mythology.

Type material.

Female holotype labeled ME02 from Mejiro-do Cave (33.763N, 130.907E), ISLA 47548, Japan, 10 September 2017, Ferreira, R.L. leg. (SEHU); 1 ♂ labeled ME01 (AS), 1 young female labeled ME03 (SEHU) paratypes from the same type locality, data and leg. mounted in Marc André solution. And 1 ♂, 1 ♀ paratypes from the same type locality, data and leg mounted in separated aluminum stages and coated with palladium-gold (AS). Deposited AS collection and Hokkaido University Insect Collection: SEHU.

Description.

Body length 9.5 mm (male) paratype ME01), 10.1 mm (female, holotype) and 6.5 mm (young paratype ME03) (Fig. 31). Epicuticle smooth under optical microscope but reticulated in high magnifications (Figs 8-10); body with abundant thin and smooth clothing (Fig. 17).

One intact antenna in the male paratype ME01 with 37 antennomeres, slightly (1.07) longer than the body (the other antennae of the same specimen is presumably regenerated with 28 antennomeres, 7.4 mm length) and another intact antenna in the young female ME03 with 41 antennomeres, 1.21 times longer than the body (Table 1). Apical antennae 4.4-4.7 longer than wide and central antennomeres 2.5 longer than wide Fig. 1). Cupuliform organ occupying 1/11 of the total length of the apical antennomere with 8-11 unique olfactory chemoreceptors each one with a complete caliciform pocket that encloses complex folds in radial expansions coming from a central axis, both of which are covered by small pores (Figs 2, 3). Distal and central antennomeres with a sensorial equipment of macrosetae and setae in addition to a single distal whorl of 12-16 thin and long gouge sensilla (Figs 5, 6) 42-34 µm long and a 2-3 very short coniform sensilla 8 µm long, also present in the apical antennomere (Fig. 4). Proximal antennomeres with typical trichobothria plus the sensillum of the third antennomere coniform and slightly thick located in ventral position between d and e macrosetae.

Plain frontal process with the three frontal macrosetae smooth. The three macrosetae along each side of the line of insertion of antennomere and x setae smooth and with 31/51/21/30 (a/i/p/x) relatives lengths. Suboval labial palps with latero-external short thick sensillum, with two guard setae, up to 12 setae on anterior border and up to 130 neuroglandular setae.

Thoracic macrosetae distribution (Fig. 7): pronotum with 1+1 ma, 1+1 la, 1+1 lp; mesonotum with 1+1 ma, 1+1 la, 2+2 lp2, 3 (1+2 lp3-lp2,3 in paratype ME01); metanotum with 1+1 sma, 1+0 ma in paratype ME01) macrosetae. All macrosetae relatively well developed but lp slightly thicker and longer than the others, and all with thin short barbs along the distal third or fourth; marginal setae longer thicker than clothing setae, smooth or with a few tiny distal barbs. Legs elongated, metathoracic legs reaching the IX abdominal in the adults (ME01 and ME02) and the end of the abdomen in the young female (paratype ME03) (Table 1). Femur I–III with one dorsal macroseta (Fig. 11) well differentiated but smooth. Calcars slightly differentiated with a few thin apical barbs (Fig. 12). The tibial two rows of ventral setae are longer and thicker than clothing setae but smooth like the clothing setae (Fig. 13). Tibia I–II with one ventral macroseta, tibia III with two ventral macrosetae (1+2 in paratypes ME01 and ME03) with a few tiny thin apical barbs. Dorsal and lateral tarsal setae similar to clothing setae but much longer (Fig. 15). Slightly unequal to subequal slightly curved claws (posterior claw 1.05-1.25 longer than anterior one); dorsal side of the claws have more pronounced ridges than the ventral side (Figs 14); any expansion of the claws is present.

Distribution of abdominal macrosetae on tergites (Fig. 16): 1+1 sma on V (one unilateral ma in holotype; in addition to 0+1 la and 0+1 lp3 in paratype ME01); 1+1 ma, 1+1 la and 1+1 lp3 on VI (0+1 sla and 1+0 la in holotype and 2+2 lp2,3 in paratype ME01); 1+1 ma, 1+1 la and 1+1 lp3 on VII (2 lp2,3+1 lp3 in holotype and 2+2 lp2,3 in paratype ME01): 1+1 mp, 1+1 slp1, 2+2 lp2,3 on VIII; 5+5 lp1,2,3,4,5 on IX abdominal segment (5 lp1-5 +6 lp1-6 in holotype). All tergal abdominal macrosetae long and well differentiated with thin barbs along the distal third; submacrosetae thinner and shorter (in particularly the slp1 of the VIII urotergite) and smoother than macrosetae.

Urosternite I with 7+7 macrosetae (Fig. 18); urosternites II to VII with 4+4 macrosetae; urosternite VIII with 1+1 macrosetae; almost all urosternal macrosetae long, well differentiated and covered by long barbs along the distal half (Figs 19-22). Elongated styli with smooth apical setae of styli with a short tooth with one tiny thin barb; also, smooth subapical and ventromedial setae being the ventromedial much longer than the others (Fig. 20). Cerci in the holotype with 9 and 14 articles including the basal article, slightly longer than the body length (1,04-1,12); in paratype young female ME03 has a cercus with six articles and 1.25 times longer than the body length; their basal articles show several whorls of long thin macrosetae with a few apical barbs, along the medial and distal articles these long macrosetae became smooth and whorls of shorter smooth setae are present among them; all the articles are characterized by an apical whorl of thin smooth setae also present at the end of the last article (Table 2).

Female urosternite I with subcylindrical appendages thinner than male appendages (2,7 times longer than wide), each bearing up to 55 a1-glandular setae in a distal field.

Male urosternite I (Fig. 18) with moderated thick subcylindrical appendages (2 times longer than wide), each bearing up to 90 a1-glandular setae in a large field covering almost a distal third of the appendage.

Spermatozoid fascicles present in the paratype male testis but difficult to observe. They are about 100 µm in diameter with a spiral round structure up to 4-7 µm in diameter with 3-5 turns.

Remarks.

Although the former description of Pacificampa Chevrizov, 1978 in Russia near the north of the Korean peninsula had a poorly drawn text, the differential features of the genus were clear: simple subequal claws with no lateral telotarsal process, 3+3 (ma, la, lp) pronotum, 4+4 (ma, la, lp2,3) on mesonotum and 2+2 (ma, lp2) on metanotum with the exception of 1+1 ma in P. daidarabotchi sp. n.; one dorsal femoral macroseta and two ventral tibial macrosetae. Nevertheless, no description of the sexual features was cited in the diagnosis of the genus, nor in any of the proposed species ( Pacificampa birsteini Chevrizov, 1978 and Pacificampa caesa Chevrizov, 1978), perhaps this was due to their simplicity. In both sexes the first urosternal appendages are subcylindrical with distal a1 glandular setae slightly more abundant in males than in females. No other glandular setae are present in the first urosternite.

P. daidarabotchi sp. n. differs from other Pacificampa species in several features including its long body with 10.1 millimeters, that is the longest Campodeidae that has ever been recorded. An oversize body could be the rule in the rest of Pacificampa species although there is still not enough data to demonstrate this. Furthermore, it has longer antennae and cerci and more numerous antennomeres and cercal articles than other species of the genus; although the most notable features are the reduction of metanotal macrosetae with 1+1 ma (1+1 ma, 1+1 lp3 in others species of the genus) and the reduction and variability in number of urotergal macrosetae.