Xeromunda, MONTEROSATO, 1892
publication ID |
https://doi.org/ 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00504.x |
persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E087F4-FFBE-FFCA-FC23-473AE6ABA900 |
treatment provided by |
Felipe |
scientific name |
Xeromunda |
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XEROMUNDA MONTEROSATO, 1892 View in CoL
Xeromunda Monterosato, 1892: 25 View in CoL . Type species ( Opinion 1719, 1993): Helix candiota L. Pfeiffer, 1849 . Diagnosis: Xeromunda View in CoL is characterized by a single large dart sac, and an accessory sac that is transformed into a cavity between the vagina wall, the dart sac, and a tissue-layer that envelopes parts of the vagina and the dart sac. The inner structure of the genitalia has been described in detail by Hausdorf (1988) and Manganelli & Giusti (1989). The penis is innervated from the right cerebral ganglion.
XEROMUNDA CANDIOTA (L. PFEIFFER, 1849) View in CoL
( FIGS 12E View Figure 12 , 13C View Figure 13 , 14B; TABLES View Figure 14 1, 15, AND 19)
Helix candiota L. Pfeiffer, 1849: 255 . Locus typicus (see Mousson, 1854: 10, 12): ‘Syra’, ‘Canée’, ‘Macédoine’, Greece.
Helix candiota – Mousson, 1854: 10.
Helix turbinata – Raulin, 1870: 652 (non Cristofori & Jan, 1832 nec Gmelin, 1791).
Abbreviations: da, dart apparatus; epd, epiphallus distal of the insertion of the penial retractor; epp, epiphallus proximal of the insertion of the penial retractor; fl, flagellum; p, penis; vda, vagina up to the base of the dart apparatus; vgm, vagina up to the glandulae mucosae; vt, total length of the vagina.
Helix (Xerophila) turbinata – Westerlund & Blanc, 1879: 64 (non Cristofori & Jan, 1832 nec Gmelin, 1791).
Helix (Xerophila) turbinata var. candiota – Westerlund & Blanc, 1879: 64.
Helix (Xeromunda) candiota – Cecconi, 1896: 219.
Helicella (Xeromunda) candiota – Haas, 1935: 111.
Xeromunda candiota View in CoL – Hausdorf, 1988: 25, figs 18, 19.
Xeromunda candiota View in CoL – Manganelli & Giusti, 1989: 6, figs 3–4, pl. 4A–H.
Xeromunda candiota View in CoL – Falkner, 1990: 210, fig. 211/11.
Xeromunda (Xeromunda) candiota View in CoL – Hausdorf, 1990a: 109, figs 1–2, pl. 1, fig. 1.
Cernuella candiota – Vardinoyannis & Mylonas, 1988: 139.
Cernuella candiota – Vardinoyannis, 1994: 84, 87, 129, map 42.
Diagnosis: Xeromunda candiota is characterized by a conical-globular shell, with a very narrow umbilicus and a very short flagellum. It differs from the conchologically similar Xeromunda durieui (L. Pfeiffer, 1848) from North Africa, Puglia, and Cyprus (?) in the larger dart sac, the comparatively smaller basal portion of the dart apparatus, and the shorter flagellum (see Manganelli & Giusti, 1989).
Shell ( Fig. 13C View Figure 13 ; Table 1): Conical-globular; with 4–5 convex whorls; teleoconch with irregular fine ribs, irregular impressions, and partly with incised spiral striae; whitish, with an irregular brownish pattern; body whorl rounded or with a blunt edge at the beginning; aperture almost circular; upper insertion of the peristome not or slightly descending; peristome sharp, not expanded, brownish on the inside, with a whitish internal rib; umbilicus very narrow, partly obscured by the columellar edge.
Genitalia ( Fig. 14B View Figure 14 ; Table 15 and 19): See diagnosis of the genus. A more detailed description of the genitalia has been given by Hausdorf (1988) and Manganelli & Giusti (1989).
Remarks: The name Helix candiota ‘Frivaldsky’ was first published by Pfeiffer (1849) in the synonymy of Helix turbinata Cristofori & Jan, 1832 . Mousson (1854) made this name available by adopting it as a valid name (Art. 11.6.1, ICZN, 1999; see also Opinion 1719, 1993). The author of this name is Pfeiffer (1849) (Art. 50.7, ICZN, 1999). According to Art. 72.4.3, ICZN, 1999, ‘The type series of a nominal speciesgroup taxon of which the name was first published as a junior synonym... consists of the specimen (or specimens) cited with that name in the published synonymy, or, if none was cited there, denoted by that name when it was adopted as the name of a taxon’. Pfeiffer (1849) did not cite any specimens with H. candiota in the synonymy. Therefore, the specimens from ‘Syra’, ‘Canée’, and ‘Macédoine’ denoted by Mousson (1854) with that name are the syntypes of the taxon.
Distribution ( Fig. 12E View Figure 12 ): Only material from the Peloponnessos and the Aegean Islands has been determined anatomically. Records from Turkey, Cyprus, Syria, the Lebanon, and North Africa (see e.g. Brandt, 1959) must be confirmed anatomically, because they might refer to X. durieui (L. Pfeiffer, 1848) .
No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.
Kingdom |
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Family |
Xeromunda
Hausdorf, Bernhard & Sauer, Jan 2009 |
Cernuella candiota
Vardinoyannis K 1994: 84 |
Xeromunda candiota
Falkner G 1990: 210 |
Xeromunda (Xeromunda) candiota
Hausdorf B 1990: 109 |
Xeromunda candiota
Manganelli G & Giusti F 1989: 6 |
Xeromunda candiota
Hausdorf B 1988: 25 |
Cernuella candiota
Vardinoyannis K & Mylonas M 1988: 139 |
Helicella (Xeromunda) candiota
Haas F 1935: 111 |
Helix (Xeromunda) candiota
Cecconi G 1896: 219 |
Xeromunda Monterosato, 1892: 25
Monterosato TA Di 1892: 25 |
Helix (Xerophila) turbinata
Westerlund CA & Blanc H 1879: 64 |
Helix (Xerophila) turbinata var. candiota
Westerlund CA & Blanc H 1879: 64 |
Helix turbinata
Raulin V 1870: 652 |
Helix candiota
Mousson A 1854: 10 |
Helix candiota L. Pfeiffer, 1849: 255
Mousson A 1854: 10 |
Pfeiffer L 1849: 255 |